Download Multiple Choice 1. ______ is a largely invisible structure that

Multiple Choice
1. __________ is a largely invisible structure that coordinates human activities in broadly predictable
ways.
a. A role set
b. Impression management
c. A social structure
d. Social behavior
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 115
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Chapter opener
NOTES: Pickup
2. The status of physician is __________ when everyone, no matter the setting, seeks health-related
advice from a person holding that status.
a. an ascribed status
b. an achieved status
c. a master status
d. a status set
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
3. Sociologists use the words social status to mean a
a. role.
b. rank.
c. relationship status.
d. position in a social structure.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
4. Ascribed statuses result from
a. chance.
b. effort.
c. ability.
d. choice.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
5. Achieved statuses result from
a. chance.
b. luck.
c. fate.
d. effort.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
6. Sometimes one status in a status set is so important to a person’s social identity, it overshadows all
other statuses that person occupies. That “so important” status is known as __________ status.
a. an achieved
b. an ascribed
c. a master
d. a premier
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
7. People who undergo sex transformation surgery, lighten their skin to appear to be another race, or hire
a plastic surgeon to create a younger appearance remind us that
a. just about anything can be an ascribed status.
b. the distinction between ascribed and achieved statuses is not clear cut.
c. people usually occupy more than one status.
d. role and status are related concepts.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
8. __________ can play a role in determining __________, as when women “choose” to enter a
female-dominated career such as elementary school teacher, or when men “choose” to enter a
male-dominated career such as car repair.
a. An ascribed status; an achieved status
b. An achieved status; an ascribed status
c. Master statuses; ascribed statuses
d. Primary groups; social statuses
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
9. Role __________ are norms about how a role should be enacted relative to another status.
a. sets
b. expectations
c. obligations
d. rights
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
10. John was born with Down Syndrome, an ascribed status that is treated as
a. an achieved status.
b. a role set.
c. a master status.
d. a role strain.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
11. The social status of school principal is associated with a(n) __________ that encompasses
relationships with other statuses such as students, parents, teachers, and school staff.
a. ideal type
b. role performance
c. role set
d. primary group
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
12. Role __________ is a predicament in which contradictory role expectations are associated with a
single status.
a. conflict
b. reversal
c. enactment
d. strain
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 121
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
13. Role __________ is a predicament in which role expectations associated with two or more distinct
statuses conflict in some way.
a. conflict
b. reversal
c. enactment
d. strain
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
14. In her status as a patient, Shelby is expected to follow her doctor’s treatment plan. However, in her
status as a mother a prescribed drug makes her feel very drowsy, preventing her from taking care of her
baby. Shelby feels that when on medication she is not alert enough to properly care for her daughter.
Shelby is experiencing
a. role strain.
b. status inconsistency.
c. a role set.
d. role conflict.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
15. Jerome and Rhonda hold the status of military doctors. In their roles as physicians to patients, they
have an obligation to preserve life. At the same time, in their role as physicians working for military
commanders they are asked to care for patients who are often deliberately placed in harm’s way. The
predicament represents an example of role
a. strain.
b. conflict.
c. obligation.
d. rights.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 121
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
16. Which one of the following is considered a secondary group?
a. a family
b. a basketball team
c. runners at NYC marathon
d. friends
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 122
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
17. Which characteristic applies to institutions?
a. Institutions continually change.
b. Institutions do not change over time.
c. Institutions reward people involved equally.
d. Institutions are ideology free.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
18. __________ provides a general framework for understanding the forces driving global-scale
interactions among workers whose combined efforts bring us products like athletic shoes.
a. The Division of Labor, by Emile Durkheim
b. The Sociological Imagination, by C. Wright Mills
c. Das Kapital, by Karl Marx
d. The Communist Manifesto, by Karl Marx
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 132
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
19. Sociologist Emile Durkheim wrote about the division of labor. He was particularly concerned about
a. alienation.
b. the practice of dividing up a job into a series of separate tasks.
c. the vulnerability that comes with mechanical solidarity
d. disruptions to the divsion of labor.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 133
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
20. In his music video, Will.I.Am shows off a computer application that can sing and rap in the voice of
the artist who programs it. Durkheim would label this innovation as
a. oligarchy.
b. an alienating force.
c. a disruption to the division of labor.
d. outsourcing.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 133
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
21. In Division of Labor, Durkheim argued that societies become more vulnerable as the division of
labor becomes more complex and specialized. He was particularly concerned about the kinds of events
that
a. promote self-sufficiency.
b. increase independence among people.
c. increase differences among people.
d. break down people’s ability to connect in meaningful ways to each other and their communities.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 133
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
22. According to Durkheim, when workers find themselves unprepared for a job needed to function in
an information society, they are affected by which one of the following situations?
a. industrial and commercial crisis
b. inefficient development of worker’s talents
c. forced division of labor
d. alienation
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 134
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
23. Which one of the following disruptions to the division of labor occurs when workers labor in
isolation unaware of how their work relates to the work of the others?
a. job specialization
b. industrial and commercial crises
c. inefficient management of worker talents
d. forced division of labor
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 134
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
24. A web of social relationships linking people to one another is known as
a. the division of labor.
b. weak ties.
c. strong ties.
d. a social network.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 135
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
25. Which one of the following statements is true about digital technologies’ effects on social ties?
a. Digital technologies are the first innovations to expand the size and reach of personal networks.
b. Digital technologies cultivate superficial ties.
c. Digital technologies increase the speed of communication.
d. Digital technologies neglect local connections.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 137
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
26. In interviews with the workers who changed jobs, Granovetter learned that the contacts who helped
them land the job were most often an old friend, a former coworker, or former employer. In addition,
that contact was likely to be someone with whom that worker had maintained sporadic contact over the
years. Granovetter called these
a. the division of labor.
b. weak ties.
c. strong ties.
d. a social network.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
27. To measure the strength of job seekers’ ties to contacts, Granovetter asked job seekers
a. how often they saw a contact.
b. to rate the contact as a strong or weak tie.
c. how long they knew the contact.
d. how close they felt to the contact.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
28. Granovetter learned that contacts who helped newly employed workers land their jobs were likely
those that the job seekers
a. saw on a daily basis.
b. maintained sporadic contact with, such as a former high school classmate.
c. were related to.
d. knew from church.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
29. From a sociological point of view, a formal organization is
a. a legally recognized group of people.
b. a coordinating mechanism created by people to achieve stated objectives.
c. the building in which people meet.
d. a money-making enterprise.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 141
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
30. __________ draw in people who have no choice but to participate.
a. Voluntary organizations
b. Coercive organizations
c. Utilitarian organizations
d. Bureaucracies
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
31. __________ draw in people seeking material gain in the form of pay, health benefits, or a new
status.
a. Voluntary organizations
b. Coercive organizations
c. Utilitarian organizations
d. Bureaucracies
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
32. Locks of Love is a not-for-profit organization that provides hair pieces to children who have lost
their hair as a side effect of medical treatments. The organization claims to receive 4,000 donations of
hair from individuals and hair salons each week. These donors are part of a
a. voluntary organization.
b. coercive organization.
c. utilitarian organization.
d. bureaucracy.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
33. People “join” __________ organizations to earn an income as an employee, to acquire a skill by
enrolling in a special program, or to purchase a desired product at a department store.
a. voluntary
b. coercive
c. utilitarian
d. bureaucratic
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
34. In theory a perfectly rational organization is
a. an informal organization.
b. a bureaucracy.
c. a formal organization.
d. an oligarchy.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
35. Theoretically, in a bureaucracy,
a. authority belongs to the person.
b. positions are filled on the basis of connections.
c. authority structures are flat.
d. personnel treat clients as cases.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
36. According to standard operating procedures, every customer at McDonald’s is greeted with the
words, “Welcome to McDonald’s, may I take your order?” The practice corresponds with which
characteristic of a bureaucracy?
a. a clean-cut division of labor
b. positions filled on the basis of qualification
c. personnel treat clients as cases
d. authority belongs to the position, not the person
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
37. A manager has authority over employees only when they are on the time clock. This practice reflects
which one of the following features of bureaucracy?
a. a clear-cut division of labor
b. organizational personnel treat clients as cases
c. authority belongs to the position, not the person
d. positions are filled on the basis of qualification
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 143
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
38. When Brittany took a job with a company after graduation she made a point of reading the company
handbook very closely. In doing so Brittany was gaining insights about the __________ of the
organization.
a. informal dimension
b. formal dimension
c. social network
d. worker-generated norms
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
39. A fast-food service restaurant keeps statistics on the number of milkshakes sold per gallon of shake
mix as a way of monitoring worker performance. This recordkeeping focuses on
a. authority structures.
b. oligarchy.
c. performance measures.
d. alienation.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 145
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
40. An employee that gives friends free soft drinks when the manager is not looking represents an
example of
a. the informal dimension of organizations.
b. the formal dimension of organizations.
c. alienation.
d. trained incapacity.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
41. The “on-paper” workings of an organization correspond with
a. an oligarchy.
b. an ideal type.
c. the informal dimension of organizations.
d. the formal dimension of organizations.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
42. Jon, a cashier, is evaluated according to how many items he scans per hour. In trying to get a good
score Jon crushes fruit as heavier items scanned slide down upon them. The situation illustrates the
shortcomings of
a. measures of performance.
b. trained incapacity.
c. oligarchy.
d. expert power.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 145
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
43. To meet goals management has set, Jerry, a loan officer, falsely inflates an applicant’s income and
creates a fake W-2 form. Jerry’s behavior is shaped by
a. a commercial crisis.
b. alienation.
c. the informal dimension of organizations.
d. measures of performances.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 145
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
44. According to the Pizza Hut web site, the company needs a herd of 250,000 dairy cows producing at
full capacity 365 days a year to fill the company’s demand for cheese toppings. This view of cows
reflects __________ action.
a. instrumental rational
b. value-rational
c. traditional
d. effective
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 148
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
45. Egg suppliers regularly deprive hens of food and water for as long as two weeks, as the practice
increases egg production. This view of chickens and their needs reflects __________ action.
a. instrumental rational
b. value-rational
c. effective
d. traditional
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 148
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
46. Weber used the term rationalization to
a. refer to the way people actually think.
b. refer to the ways in which daily life is organized so that people are forced to use the “efficient”
structures that are already in place to meet their needs.
c. mean less efficient.
d. mean an increased understanding of society.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
47. The McDonaldization of society involves four principles. These principles are
a. efficiency, quantification, predictability, and control.
b. alienation, oligarchy, bureaucracy, and expert authority.
c. tradition, value-rationality, instrumentality, and purposeful action.
d. trained incapacity, information, automation, and technology.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
48. Customers scan, bag, and pay for purchases; clear their table after eating in a quick-service
restaurant; and check themselves into the airport without expecting to be compensated for their labor.
These practices apply to which principle of McDonaldization?
a. efficiency
b. calculability
c. predictability
d. control
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
49. Drive-thru flu vaccination centers have applied the __________ principle of McDonaldization to
health care services.
a. efficiency
b. calculability
c. predictability
d. control
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 150
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
50. Antonio hears an ad on the radio claiming that it is possible to earn an MBA degree in one year by
going to school one night per week and meeting with a study group for two hours each week. This is an
example of what McDonaldization principle?
a. efficiency
b. calculability
c. predictability
d. control
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 150
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
51. The McDonaldization principle, __________, guides decisions to genetically modify strawberries so
that each berry looks the same.
a. efficiency
b. calculability
c. predictability
d. control
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 150
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
52. The term “iron cage of irrationality” is used to describe the
a. informal dimension of organizations.
b. problems of oligarchy.
c. formal dimension of organizations.
d. irrationalities that supposedly rational systems generate.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 152
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TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
53. __________ is a state in which humans lose control over the social world they have created.
a. Alienation
b. Oligarchy
c. Professionalization
d. Bureaucracy
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 153
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: New
54. Carmen works between 6pm and 2am six days a week. Thus, she is not home for dinner and is still
sleeping when her husband leaves for work and her kids leave for school. Marx would argue that such a
situation leaves Carmen alienated from
a. the self.
b. the family.
c. the product.
d. the process of production.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 154
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: Pickup
55. Karl Marx believed that increased control over nature is accompanied by
a. disenchantment.
b. anomie.
c. alienation.
d. trained incapacity.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 153
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TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: Pickup
56. Workers are __________ when they produce not for themselves or for known consumers but, rather,
produce for an abstract, impersonal market.
a. alienated from the process
b. professionalized
c. alienated from the self
d. obsolete
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 154
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: Pickup
57. Employers who demand that workers look, behave, and speak a certain way are contributing to
a. informal dimensions of control.
b. a safe work environment.
c. employee autonomy.
d. alienation from self.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: Pickup
58. If a third party, such as a baby, is added to a two-person relationship such as a couple, the result is
a(n)
a. oligarchy.
b. ideal type.
c. triad.
d. dyad.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 138
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
59. The street vendor-tourist relationship qualifies as __________ dyad because the involved parties
interact out of social necessity.
a. a comprehensive
b. a segmentalized
c. an informal
d. a value rational
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 138
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: New
60. It is likely that a couple that has been in a committed relationship for 50 years know each other very
well. That quality makes them a(n)
a. comprehensive dyad.
b. segmentalized dyad.
c. oligarchy.
d. group.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 139
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
61. Robert Michels wrote, “One of the most bizarre features of any advanced industrial society in our
time is that the cardinal choices have to be made by a handful of men. And by cardinal choices, I mean
those that determine whether we live or die.” Michels was referring to a phenomenon known as
a. expert power.
b. oligarchy.
c. trained incapacity.
d. rationalization.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 140
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
62. A danger of __________ is that those who make decisions may not have the necessary background
to understand the full implications of their decisions.
a. oligarchy
b. coercive organizations
c. total institutions
d. alienation
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 140
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
63. A social structure is __________ system that coordinates human behavior in broadly predictable
ways.
a. a maze-like
b. a visible
c. a strict
d. a largely invisible
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 115
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
64. When sociologists focus on large, complex social structures such as how the institution of medicine
is structured to affect access to healthcare, that level of analysis is
a. micro.
b. meso.
c. macro.
d. global.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.2
NOTES: New
65. The __________ level of social structure places emphasis on how an individual’s identity, thought,
behavior, and interaction are shaped by the status they occupy.
a. micro
b. meso
c. macro
d. global
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.2
NOTES: New
66. Human agency is about an individual’s ability to
a. comply.
b. remember.
c. support an existing order.
d. choose to do things that depart from expectations.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 130
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
67. Sociologists interested in two status groups such as mother-daughter or patient-physician are
studying social structures at the __________ level.
a. micro
b. meso
c. macro
d. global
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.2
NOTES: New
68. When sociologists focus on middle sized social structures such as neighborhoods, prisons, or
corporations they are working at the __________ level.
a. micro
b. meso
c. macro
d. global
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 125
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.2
NOTES: New
69. Sociologist Emile Durkheim wrote “air does not cease to have weight” even though we cannot feel
that weight. Durkheim was writing about
a. the sociological imagination.
b. social facts.
c. suicide.
d. alienation.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 129
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
70. Which one of the following statements does not apply to social facts?
a. Social facts are usually not the creation of people experiencing them.
b. From the moment we are born people around us seek to impose ways of behaving.
c. Habit disguises the pressures once applied to turn on an imposed behavior into something people do
with thinking.
d. Social facts are self-created and self-imposed ways of behaving.
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 128
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
71. The capacity of individuals to resist the constraining pressure of social structures is known as
a. human agency.
b. the sociological imagination.
c. ethnocentrism.
d. alienation.
ANSWER: a
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 130
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
72. We can use the analogy of __________ to describe the effort it takes to learn expected behavior such
that it becomes habit.
a. playing chess
b. learning to drive a car
c. baseball
d. a roller coaster
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 129
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
73. If you were born in a hospital, educated in a school system, or borrowed money from a bank, you
have been involved with a
a. primary group.
b. formal organization.
c. total institution.
d. government agency.
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 141
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: New
74. Before she acts, Ming seeks to avoid the Seven Social Sins. Ming’s actions can be classified as
a. traditional.
b. instrumental rational.
c. value rational.
d. emotion-driven.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 148
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: New
75. From the __________ perspective, the flow of Vietnamese refugees to nail salons in the U.S. must
be placed in the context of the Vietnam War.
a. functionalist
b. conflict
c. symbolic interactionist
d. feminist
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
76. Sociologists inspired by the __________ perspective focus on the structure guiding interactions
between Vietnamese manicurists and clients.
a. functionalist
b. conflict
c. symbolic interactionist
d. feminist
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 159
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
77. Vietnamese-owned nail salons instituted a business model that been referred to as
a. tradition-oriented.
b. value rational.
c. McNail.
d. family oriented.
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 157
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
78. From a __________ point of view the Vietnamese refugees filled a niche providing a personal care
service that is affordable.
a. functionalist
b. conflict
c. symbolic interactionist
d. feminist
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
79. Sociologists looking at Vietnamese nail salons from a __________ perspective would certainly
notice the gendered structure of nail salons.
a. functionalist
b. conflict
c. symbolic interactionist
d. feminist
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 159
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
80. When decision-making power is concentrated in the hands of a few people who hold the top
positions is an organization hierarchy, the result is
a. oligarchy.
b. alienation.
c. disenchantment.
d. trained capacity.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 139
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.01 - comprehensive
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
81. Walmart is the largest employer on the Global Fortune 500 list with 1.9 million employees and
millions of stockholders. Obviously, such a large number of employees cannot engage in direct
discussion about policy. This dilemma relates to
a. oligarchy.
b. bureaucracy.
c. expert power.
d. McDonaldization.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 140
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: SSOC.FERR.15.02 - applied
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
True / False
82. Ascribed statuses are the result of personal effort and choice.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
83. A master status overshadows other statuses a person holds.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
84. People enact statuses and occupy roles.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
85. Role strain is a predicament that occurs when roles associated with two or more statuses a person
holds conflict.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 121
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
86. The cultural context shapes role expectations associated with a status.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 121
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: New
87. Institutions rarely if ever change.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
TOPICS: Mod 4.1
NOTES: Pickup
88. Digital technologies are the first inventions to expand the size and reach of personal social networks.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
89. A person’s social network consists of strong and weak ties.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 134
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
90. Digital technologies are known to weaken ties with those living nearby.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: Pickup
91. Coercive organizations draw in people who have no choice but to participate.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
92. In theory, a bureaucracy is a completely rational organization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 142
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
93. In bureaucracies, there is no division of labor.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 143
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
94. From a strictly bureaucratic point of view, emotion felt for a client interferes with the efficient
delivery of goods and services.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
95. An ideal type is the best way.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: Pickup
96. A company handbook documenting rules and regulations is part of the formal dimension of
organization.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 144
TOPICS: Mod 4.6
NOTES: New
97. Instrumental rational action drives the inhumane treatment of animals raised on factory farms.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
98. Thoughts and actions rooted in tradition are guided by the way things were done in the past.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 147
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
99. The McDonaldization of society involves four principles: efficiency, quantification, predictability,
and ethics.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 149
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
100. Efficiency (as a feature of McDonaldization) involves achieving a desired end in the quickest
amount of time.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 150
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
101. Stores are being efficient when they can get customers to scan, bag, and pay for groceries.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 150
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
102. “Delivery in 30 minutes” and “a degree in 2 years” reflect the McDonaldization principle of
control.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 150
TOPICS: Mod 4.7
NOTES: Pickup
103. Marx maintained that increased control over nature is accompanied by alienation.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 153
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: Pickup
104. The smallest group is a dyad.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 138
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
105. A third party joining a dyad conversation changes the dyad’s pattern of interaction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 138
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: New
106. In segmentalized dyads, the two parties have a deep and highly personal relationship.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 139
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: New
107. In comprehensive dyads, the two parties have a superficial knowledge of each other.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 139
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
108. When a group’s size reaches about seven members it is difficult to focus everyone’s attention as a
group.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 139
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: New
109. Oligarchy is rule by the masses.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 139
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: Pickup
110. Large organizations become oligarchical when their size makes it impossible for everyone to
participate in decision-making.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 140
TOPICS: Mod 4.5
NOTES: New
111. Alienation does not apply to customer service jobs.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: New
112. The 47,000 runners who participate in the Boston Marathon constitute a primary group.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 122
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
113. It is easy for sociologists to analyze institutions such as the economy in their entirety.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
TOPICS: Mod 4.2
NOTES: New
114. When sociologists examine two status groups such as father-son, they are examining social
structure at the micro level.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
TOPICS: Mod 4.2
NOTES: New
115. Settings such as a subway train do not have social structures.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 127
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
116. Social facts gain power over us when they become part of the one’s habit.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 129
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
117. Human agency is expressed through conformity.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 130
TOPICS: Mod 4.3
NOTES: New
118. When the division of labor is disrupted so are the ties that bind people to each other.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 134
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
119. Industrialization transformed human interaction.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 133
TOPICS: Mod 4.4
NOTES: New
120. Computer technology in the work place can be an alienating tool when management uses it to
watch workers.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 155
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: New
121. Surveillance is alienating when people lose control over their private lives.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 154
TOPICS: Mod 4.8
NOTES: New
122. Virtually all nail salons in the U.S are Vietnamese-owned.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 157
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
123. When studying the Vietnamese-dominated nail industry, functionalists focus on the benefits to
consumers and the economy.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
124. When studying the Vietnamese-dominated nail industry, conflict theorists focus on expectations
that guide interaction between technician and client.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: False
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 158
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New
125. When studying the Vietnamese-dominated nail industry, feminists focus on the gendered social
structure.
a. True
b. False
ANSWER: True
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 159
TOPICS: Mod 4.9
NOTES: New