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AP European History
Topic 1 – Christian Europe in the High Middle Ages
Multiple Choice Exam (Take-Home)
Points Possible: 100 pts
Time Limit: 45 minutes
Page 1 of 10
Name_____________________________
“Beware the man of one book.”
St. Thomas Aquinas
“No freeman shall be taken, or imprisoned, or outlawed, or exiled, or in any way harmed…
except by the legal judgment of his peers or by the law of the land.”
Clause 39 of the Magna Carta (1215)
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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Directions: Read the statement and choose the most correct answer.
1. Which of the following peoples was NOT part of the great invasions of the 9th century?
A. Vikings
B. Magyars
C. Franks
D. Moors (Muslims)
2. The sale of church offices, including the office of the pope, is called
A. lay investiture.
B. the chancery.
C. excommunication.
D. simony.
E. None of the Above
3. Peasants on the manor usually did not consume
A. vegetables, particularly cabbage.
B. large quantities of meat.
C. bread.
D. beer.
E. None of the Above
4. The difference between a free peasant and a serf was that the
A. free peasant was tied to the land and the serf was not.
B. serf had no obligations to the lord, while the free peasant had many.
C. serf paid rent to his lord, while the free peasant paid nothing at all.
D. serf was bound to the land by the obligations he owed his lord, while the free peasant usually
just paid rent.
5. Feudalism involved all of the following EXCEPT
A. a commitment by a vassal to serve his lord in war and by giving council.
B. a commitment by a lord to defend his vassal militarily and in legal proceedings.
C. the grant by a lord of a fief, control of land and its peasants, to his vassal.
D. a payment by the vassal to the lord as rent for his fief.
E. the personal bonds among the elite in the Middle Ages.
6. In the late Middle Ages, a person became a noble by
A. thrift, hard work, and sobriety.
B. clever business acumen.
C. birth or remarkable service to king or lord.
D. buying a patent of nobility.
7. The French government, as conceived by Philip II Augustus, was characterized by
A. centralization at the local level and diversity at the top.
B. diversity at the local level and centralization at the top.
C. complete local government.
D. a system identical to England’s.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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8. The principle implied in the Magna Carta (1215) was
A. democracy.
B. that all people, even the king, are subject to the law.
C. that the king is above the law.
D. that the people rule the monarch.
9. The duties of the sheriffs in Norman England included all of the following EXCEPT
A. maintaining law and order.
B. collecting taxes when instructed by the king.
C. delivering and enforcing the writ.
D. supervising the remaining Anglo-Saxon thegns.
10. The bayeux tapestry (seen right) is a representative source of
all of the following EXCEPT
A. the Norman Conquest.
B. daily life in Norman England.
C. the Viking invasions of Normandy.
D. the government administration of William the
Conqueror.
11. According to Chambers, Europe experienced the first
sustained and substantial population growth since the fall of
the Roman Empire due to
A. the end of invasions.
B. the relative stability provided by feudalism in society.
C. increased agricultural production.
D. new economic opportunities.
E. All of the Above
12. The development of courtly love and chivalric romance led to
A. an increase in literacy and writing among noblewomen.
B. more elaborate dress.
C. an increase in vernacular literature
D. All of the Above
13. The development of modern nation states in the 11th-13th centuries possessed all of the following
EXCEPT
A. established geographical and political boundaries.
B. an absolute enlightened monarch.
C. systematized bureaucracy.
D. a system of taxation.
E. a protective apparatus of the government, such as an army.
14. The most important event of the 11th century for England’s government was
A. the Norman conquest.
B. the final defeat of the Vikings.
C. the creation of the Domesday Book.
D. Henry I’s administrative reforms.
E. the Restoration.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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15. Which of the following was NOT a reason for the German ruler to be the preeminent monarch in the
Holy Roman Empire?
A. The extent of the territories within his realm.
B. His status as “Roman Emperor.”
C. His power in Italy as well as in Germany.
D. His dynasty’s secure claim to the inheritance of the throne.
16. All of the following were problems of the Church needing reform EXCEPT
A. the excessive authority of the Pope.
B. the sale of Church offices and services.
C. lay dominion over church offices and lands.
D. the failure of the clergy to remain celibate.
E. the involvement of the papacy in political entanglements and warfare.
17. “Mystery plays” were all of the following EXCEPT
A. drama derived from church liturgy and biblical stories.
B. plays that contained didactic messages for the illiterate.
C. an artistic manifestation of civic pride.
D. a new style of liturgical music.
18. Henry II of England improved upon the established English law and government by
A. instituting the office of itinerant justice.
B. issuing the Magna Carta.
C. abolishing the baronial court.
D. exerting his authority over the role of the Church through his planned execution of Thomas
Becket.
19. Which of the following financial problems eventually forced England’s King John I to sign the
Magna Carta?
A. The debts incurred from Richard the Lionhearted’s crusading zeal.
B. The ransom paid for Richard the Lionhearted.
C. The war debt caused by John I in his attempt to regain Normandy from France.
D. John’s attack on Scotland.
20. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Romanesque cathedrals?
A. Rounded arches.
B. Fantastic sculptures.
C. Stone roofs.
D. Barrel vaults.
E. Large stained glass windows.
21. Which of the following was NOT a characteristic of Gothic cathedrals?
A. Rounded arches.
B. Fantastic sculptures.
C. Large stained glass windows.
D. Flying buttresses.
E. Ribbed vaults.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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22. The chivalric court culture that developed in the 12 century involved all of the following EXCEPT
A. a refined code of conduct for knights.
B. a preoccupation with romantic love.
C. a respect for people from all classes in medieval society.
D. a literature celebrating love and heroism.
E. rules for behavior at the table and in the lord’s court.
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23. English “common law” is based on
A. the laws common to all nations.
B. Roman law.
C. the will of the commoners.
D. Germanic tribal law.
E. the precedent set by earlier cases.
F. All of the above
G. None of the above
24. Towns developed during the 11th-13th centuries due to
A. fortifications erected during Viking invasions.
B. the revival of long-distance trade.
C. the building of cathedrals.
D. All of the Above
25. Venice and Flanders became centers of trade for Europe due to
A. their geographical location and political stability.
B. the superiority of their naval warships.
C. the low degree of papal influence and political entanglement.
D. the influence of the Medici banking system.
26. The Commercial Revolution of the late 12th century occurred because of all of the following
EXCEPT
A. changing business practices.
B. the discovery of faster and more lucrative trade routes to Oriental markets.
C. the development of modern corporations.
D. the opening of multiple silver mines around Europe.
27. The German Hanseatic League
A. was a mercantile association of towns.
B. wanted mutual security and a virtual monopoly.
C. established a trade axis across northern Europe.
D. developed the business register.
E. All of the Above
28. The Magna Carta was most important because it
A. stated the principals upon which modern liberty is based.
B. established legal limits on the power of the king.
C. resolved the technical problems of feudal law.
D. addressed the concerns of the entire English population.
E. provided the limits placed on the war-making powers of the king.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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29. Urban life in the high middle ages was characterized by all of the following EXCEPT
A. cramped and overcrowded quarters.
B. men tended to marry younger women.
C. dirt and disease.
D. a steady flow of immigrants.
E. few unmarried adults.
30. The medieval English parliament
A. approved new taxes.
B. acted as the highest court.
C. helped collect taxes.
D. passed statute law.
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
31. The English parliament was important because it
A. enabled the English monarchy to win its wars against France.
B. established a mechanism for English subjects to participate in government.
C. established the separation of judicial, legislative, and executive branches of government.
D. led to the early end to the monarchy and establishment of a modern republic.
E. led to despotism and revolt.
32. The plague had all of the following effects EXCEPT
A. people afflicted by it bled from the nose or got large tumors and purple spots all over their
bodies.
B. it swept through communities like fire through dry tinder.
C. it caused people to shun the families of the sick and refugees from afflicted communities.
D. it inspired European doctors to make major strides in medicine as they sought a cure.
E. it had a powerfully detrimental effect on Europe trade.
33. Peasant revolts occurred after the Black Death because
A. the peasants were so impoverished that they were desperate.
B. the peasants were upset that their burdens were increasing rather than decreasing.
C. the peasants saw that the upper classes were so depleted that this was their chance to be rid of
them.
D. the peasants wanted revenge because they blamed the aristocrats for the plague.
E. the peasants were driven mad with fever and sought revenge against elites.
34. The purpose of Cosimo de Medici’s alliance system was to
A. maintain peace through a balance of power.
B. establish Florentine hegemony in Italy.
C. cripple Venetian power once and for all.
D. keep the French out of Italian politics.
E. isolate Venetian power.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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35. The Fall of Constantinople
A. opened the Balkans to Ottoman invasion.
B. disrupted the flow of trade between East and West.
C. provoked a sudden exodus of scholars to Italy.
D. psychologically shocked the Christian world.
E. opened Asia to European trade.
36. The crown of the Holy Roman Emperor (seen right)
A. is demonstrative of the increased materialism in
monasteries before the Clunaic Reform.
B. is demonstrative of the absolute power and authority
of the hereditary monarch in the Holy Roman Empire.
C. is demonstrative of the commercial revolution that took
place in Europe between the 11th-13th centuries.
D. is demonstrative of the idealized power of the Holy
Roman Emperor.
37. The map of Medieval Bruges, Belgium, (seen right)
A. is representative of the urban growth experienced
during the 11th-13th centuries.
B. is representative of the lack of urban planning involved
in urban expansion and development.
C. is representative of the importance of protection in the
foundation of a medieval town.
D. All of the above
E. None of the above
38. The development of Parliament in England came as a result of
A. continual warfare.
B. the king’s need to tax the people.
C. the death of John I and the long minority of Henry III
D. increased power of the nobles and a greater desire for representative government
E. All of the Above
39. Edward I’s “Model Parliament”
A. established the customary practice to invite representatives from the shires and towns.
B. established the customary practice to tax the people without their expressed consent.
C. established the customary practice of division of Parliament into two unequally represented
houses that competed for power.
D. established the customary practice of sending the itinerant justices to the shires to administer
justice.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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40. Princes who were subject to the Golden Horde
A. paid tribute to the Muscovite Tsar.
B. were granted favorable trading relationships throughout the Orient.
C. were denied their ability to rule and forced to swear allegiance to the Horde.
D. paid tribute to the Mongol Khans and were allowed to rule their own people.
41. The hereditary nobility of Russia were known as
A. Cossacks.
B. boyars.
C. lords.
D. imperialum.
E. None of the Above
42. According to Chambers, Ivan III bequeathed to his successors
A. Russia’s centralized, autocratic government.
B. Russia’s strong relationship between church and state.
C. Byzantine court culture, which lasted for centuries to come.
D. Russia’s modernized and well-supplied army that proved itself unbeatable in cavalry tactics.
E. Russia’s tradition of an untaxable nobility, who received exemption due to their status.
43. The Hundred Years’ War was the result of
A. the breakdown of government following the Black Death in England.
B. the failure of the English kings to produce a male heir.
C. the failure of the Capetian kings to produce a male heir.
D. a dispute over the rich possessions of Burgundy.
E. a desire by the French nobles of Flanders to return rule to their French king.
44. The War of the Roses was due primarily to
A. problems of dynastic succession following the death of Richard III.
B. the rivalry for power between the houses of Worchester and York.
C. the rivalry for power between the houses of Tudor and Stuart.
D. the rivalry for power amongst noble families following the English loss in the Hundred
Years’ War.
45. The most serious point of friction that led to the outbreak of warfare between England and France in
the 14th century concerned the status of
A. Aquitaine and Ponthieu.
B. Burgundy.
C. Il de France.
D. Dover.
E. Normandy.
46. By the end of the Hundred Years’ War, Parliament
A. had been notably weakened by the king’s need to exert greater authority.
B. had been notably strengthened at the expense of royal power.
C. had acquiesced to the monarch’s authority to grant or refuse new taxes.
D. had become merely a tool of the king’s propaganda campaign against France.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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47. The Hundred Years’ war in France accomplished all of the following EXCEPT
A. hindered the rise of a centralized representative assembly.
B. granted greater powers to the Estates General.
C. led to the establishment of a standing professional army.
D. solidified the centralized power of the French state in the hands of a Valois king.
48. The War of the Roses in England resulted in
A. the decimation of the ranks of the nobility.
B. the establishment of Henry Tudor to the throne of England.
C. the establishment of a strong and orderly regime.
D. All of the above
49. The bubonic plague in Europe came as the result of
A. advances in Italian shipping.
B. famine resulting from poor harvests.
C. a “little ice age.”
D. international trade.
E. All of the above
50. The Parlement of Paris’ declaration of French “Salic Law” made it so that
A. Edward III would be crowned as king of France.
B. Philip VI of England could not be crowned as king of France.
C. the descendents of women could be crowned king if no other direct descendents could be
established.
D. the Capetian descendents could not produce a viable heir, and that the Valois candidate
would be crowned as the new king.
51. The Black Death quickly spread throughout Europe due to all of the following EXCEPT
A. urban conditions.
B. poor hygiene.
C. weakened immune systems due to malnutrition.
D. pneumonic transmission, meaning vectors such as fleas or rats carried them in their blood.
52. The Black Death in Europe
A. failed to address its overpopulation problems.
B. led to decreased wages.
C. resulted in decreased standard of living.
D. restricted the mobility of the poorer classes.
E. None of the above
53. The Triumph of Death (seen right) is reflective of all of the
following EXCEPT
A. the extreme optimism of those who survived the plague.
B. the extreme pessimism associated with the plague.
C. the medieval conception of the soul after death.
D. the realization that the plague did not strike by class
or social status.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”
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54. During the Hundred Years’ War, both France and
England utilized
A. propaganda.
B. economic embargo.
C. a war of attrition.
D. nationalism.
E. All of the above
55. Joan of Arc’s primary effect on the Hundred Years’ War was
A. that the English soldiers had qualms about fighting a saint.
B. the popular support she generated for the king.
C. her use of miraculous intervention to defeat the English.
D. her ability to formulate and execute a long-term strategy.
E. a strategic vision lacking in the other French commanders.
“ABANDON ALL HOPE YE WHO ENTER HERE.”