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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.1
1. What is not necessary for precipitation?
A
B
C
D
cold weather
evaporation
condensation
the sun’s energy
Use this picture of the Water Cycle to answer the next 2 questions.
4-4.1
2. Which part of the water cycle shows evaporation?
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
4-4.1
3. Which part of the water cycle
shows condensation?
A
B
C
D
A
B
C
D
4-4.1
4. What must happen to water before it rains?
A
B
C
D
It must condense.
It must turn to snow.
It must turn to fog.
It must turn to dew.
4-4.1
5. What does this picture show?
A
B
C
D
evaporation
condensation
a hurricane
precipitation
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.1
6. What is the movement of water between the ground and air by evaporation,
condensation, and precipitation called?
A
B
C
D
adaptation
the water cycle
conservation
the rain circle
4-4.1
7. After rain, snow, sleet, or hail fall on land surfaces, the precipitation
returns to the oceans, rivers, ponds, or lakes. This process is called —
A
B
C
D
runoff.
condensation.
evaporation.
water vapor.
4-4.1
8. What important role does water vapor play in the completion of the water
cycle?
A
B
C
D
Water vapor keeps Earth’s inner temperature cool.
Water vapor is the term given to rain, snow, sleet, or hail.
Water vapor rises into the atmosphere forming clouds.
Water vapor does not play an important role in the water cycle.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.1
9. Complete the second step of the water cycle (II below).
I
II
III
IV
A
B
C
D
Evaporation – liquid water is heated and becomes water vapor. The
water vapor rises into the atmosphere.
?
Precipitation – water that falls from the clouds in the form of rain, snow,
sleet, or hail.
Runoff – precipitation falls to land and returns to large bodies of water
such as lakes, rivers, and oceans.
II Conversion – water is picked up by moving clouds and then returned to land.
II Contemplation – water decides which form to take before returning to land.
II Condensation – water vapor changes back to droplets of water and clouds
are formed.
II Concentration – water is packed together to fill lakes and oceans on land.
4-4.1
10. Which list of terms shows the correct order of the water cycle?
A
B
C
D
condensation, evaporation, precipitation, run off
evaporation, precipitation, condensation, run off
evaporation, condensation, precipitation, run off
run off, condensation, evaporation, run off
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.1
11. Look at these pictures of the driveway after it rains on a spring afternoon.
What is occurring to make the water on the driveway different?
15 minutes
30 minutes
45 minutes
Water
A
B
C
D
evaporation
condensation
precipitation
runoff
4-4.1
12. This diagram illustrates the —
Water
evaporates
Water
forms
clouds
Rain falls
from the
clouds
A
B
C
D
shape of clouds.
water cycle.
life cycle of a frog.
tidal cycle.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.2
13. Clouds are made of tiny, liquid-water droplets. They are formed when water
vapor —
A
B
C
D
moves from a warm place on land to a cool place in the atmosphere and
condenses.
gathers together in large bodies of water like lakes and oceans and bubbles up.
collects lots of dust and rises to the sky.
falls from the atmosphere and settles on wind drifts in the air.
4-4.2
14. Rain usually falls from clouds that are colored ―
A
B
C
D
pink.
light gray.
white.
dark gray.
4-4.2
15. Look at the picture to the right. What
type of cloud is shown?
A
B
C
D
stratus
cumulus
cirrus
nimbus
4-4.2
16. A student is recording an observation in her science journal. She
describes the clouds over her back yard fence as “spread out all over the
sky in lots of layers. The clouds are covering up all of the blue sky. The
sun is even covered up.” What type of clouds does she see?
A
B
C
D
cirrus
cumulus
stratus
stirrup
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.2
17. If you look outside of your window and see cirrus clouds, you can expect
—
A
B
C
D
fair weather.
light rain and drizzle.
huge thunder storms.
fast winds.
4-4.2
18. When cumulonimbus clouds have formed in the sky, you can expect the
weather to be —
A
B
C
D
sunny.
humid.
foggy.
rainy.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
Clouds form by condensation of water vapor, but different kinds of weather
conditions produce different clouds. Use the information in the chart below to
answer the next 4 questions.
Picture of Cloud
Description of Cloud
(1)
These clouds form when large bubbles
of warm air rise rapidly. These clouds
look piled up and puffy and usually
mean that the weather will be fair.
(2)
These clouds bring thunderstorms and
sometimes hail. They can be called
thunderheads or thunderclouds.
(3)
These clouds form as warm air is
slowly pushed upward over colder air.
These clouds usually form in layers
and can produce foggy conditions.
(4)
These clouds are formed high in the
sky, typically found around 20,000 feet
above sea-level. These clouds are thin
and often wispy.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.2
19. Based on the picture and description in the chart, what type of cloud is
number 1?
A
B
C
D
cirrus cloud
stratus cloud
cumulus cloud
cumulonimbus cloud
4-4.2
20. Based on the picture and description in the chart, what type of cloud is
number 2?
A
B
C
D
cirrus cloud
stratus cloud
cumulus cloud
cumulonimbus cloud
4-4.2
21. Based on the picture and description in the chart, what type of cloud is
number 3?
A
B
C
D
cirrus cloud
stratus cloud
cumulus cloud
cumulonimbus cloud
4-4.2
22. Based on the picture and description in the chart, what type of cloud is
number 4?
A
B
C
D
cirrus cloud
stratus cloud
cumulus cloud
cumulonimbus cloud
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.3
23. Precipitation comes in many different forms. Water can fall to Earth in the
form of rain, sleet, snow, or hail. What determines the form of
precipitation?
A
B
C
D
The temperature of the air.
The month of the year.
The time of the day.
The movement of the wind current.
4-4.3
24. Why are there typically more thunderstorms during the summer months?
A
B
C
D
Wind currents blow in more storms from the north.
Summer plants need the water more than those in the winter.
Summer days provide more sunlight to warm and lift the air than the short, cold
days of winter.
Thunder storms really happen more in the winter than in the summer months.
4-4.3
25. What can the wind direction tell us about the coming weather?
A
B
C
D
Winds coming from the south parts tend to make our weather colder.
Winds coming from the north parts tend to make our weather colder.
Winds traveling from the east mean fewer storms.
Winds traveling from the west mean more storms.
4-4.3
26. Aaron and his friends were at camp. During a late afternoon storm, they
heard thumping on the roof of their cabin. After the storm they found small
pellets of ice on the ground. How was this possible during the summer?
A
B
C
D
The ice the campers found are called hail stones. Hail forms when strong
updrafts lift droplets of water up in the cold parts of the atmosphere, over and
over again.
The weather conditions are changing and campers often experience cold
weather precipitation during the summer months.
A storm from the north must have blown in winter conditions.
Someone must have been playing a trick on the campers. It is actually
impossible to experience hail stones during the summer.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.3
27. Why is it so refreshing to be by the ocean on a hot summer day?
A
B
C
D
The ocean heats more slowly than the land so the ocean air above the water
stays cooler and creates a breeze.
The beach is closer to the equator and therefore cooler.
The ocean has lots of activities to keep your mind off the heat.
The beach is sunnier and makes you want to stay outside.
4-4.3
28. Why is it important to monitor wind speeds?
A
B
C
D
High wind speeds indicate a hurricane is on the way.
Low wind speeds mean bad weather is moving in.
High wind speeds can cause damaging side effects like fallen branches.
Low wind speeds mean conditions are right for storms and floods.
4-4.3
29. South Carolina summers are known for —
A
B
C
D
rain and cold winds.
hot and humid conditions.
warm and gentle temperatures.
no weather changes.
4-4.3
30. Beach erosion is a concern during the fall, winter, and early spring. What
weather condition would affect beach erosion?
A
B
C
D
snow and sleet showers
intense coastal storms
ice and sleet storms
tornadoes in the upstate
4-4.3
31. Typically in South Carolina, the early spring months are the
_____________and the late summer and fall months are the
_____________.
A
B
C
D
driest, wettest
hottest, coldest
wettest, driest
coldest, hottest
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.3
32. In the winter months, the most common wind direction for South Carolina
is —
A
B
C
D
northeast/southeast.
northwest/southwest.
east/west.
west/east.
4-4.3
33. Which statement is an accurate comparison of the yearly rainfall?
Average Rainfall for the years 1998-2001
1998
1999
2000
2001
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
4
4.5
5
Rainfall in inches
A
B
C
D
The year 2000 had the greatest amount of rain in the four year span.
The year 2000 had less rain than the previous two years.
The year 1999 had the least amount of rain in the four year span.
The year 2001 had less rain than the previous year.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.3
34. This chart shows typical weather conditions for late autumn in South
Carolina. How does the weather on Wednesday compare to the weather on
Thursday?
A
B
C
D
Monday
Tuesday
50°
Fair
46°
Windy
Wednesday
58°
Rainy
Thursday
Friday
52°
Clear
50°
Partly cloudy
A warm front brings rain on Wednesday and Thursday returns to typical
conditions.
Thursday’s cloudy conditions make it warmer than Wednesday.
The weather is the same for Wednesday and Thursday.
Thursday is cooler than Wednesday because clouds make the temperature rise.
4-4.4
35. The National Weather Service has issued a tornado warning. This means —
A
B
C
D
a tornado or the necessary conditions have been spotted.
conditions are favorable for a tornado.
a tornado probably will not affect your area.
a tornado drill is occurring.
4-4.4
36. Which of the following is not a safe thing to do when there is lightning?
A
B
C
D
Stay away from tall trees.
Stay inside a car with a metal roof.
Don’t touch electrical appliances.
Call your friends to warn them.
4-4.4
37. South Carolina has experienced many hurricane warnings. When these are
issued, the people living on or near the coast should —
A
B
C
D
prepare to leave the area.
go out on the beach to watch the waves.
immediately evacuate.
ask your neighbor what to do.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.4
38. The temperature is 40° F. The meteorologist predicts a 90% chance of rain.
Your brother tells everyone to get prepared for a big ice storm. Is he
correct?
A
B
C
D
Yes, the rain will mix with the cold air and lots of ice can be expected.
No, the air is not cold enough to freeze the predicted rain.
Yes, the 90% chance of rain assures that ice is forming.
A big ice storm cannot be predicted by the rain and temperature.
4-4.4
39. In the fall of 1992, several parts of South Carolina experienced a category
F3 tornado. What effects were noticeable after the tornado?
A
B
C
D
Flooding waters covered areas where water did not normally exist.
Large craters and cracks in Earth’s surface were present.
Mobile homes and other structures were severely damaged and destroyed.
Large sections of land were burned and destroyed.
4-4.4
40. The list below names 6 types of severe weather patterns. Which weather
patterns can affect people in South Carolina?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
nor’easter
monsoon
thunderstorm
typhoon
hurricane
tornado
A
B
C
D
1, 2, 3, & 5
1, 3, 5, & 6
2, 4, & 5
3, 4, 5, & 6
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.4
41. A large storm with very strong winds that blow in a circular path and forms
over the warm ocean waters is called a —
A
B
C
D
hurricane.
tornado.
thunderstorm.
monsoon.
4-4.4
42. The most dangerous result of a hurricane is usually the —
A
B
C
D
lightning bolts.
storm surge.
power outages.
noise effects.
4-4.4
43. A tornado can be described as —
A
B
C
D
a large storm with high wind speeds that only develops over the ocean.
a strong storm with heavy rain and flooding.
a funnel-shaped cloud with high wind speeds that develops during storms.
a quick wind storm that blows from east to west.
4-4.4
44. Rachel is developing a safety plan for her family’s use during a tornado
warning. What points should she include?
A
B
C
D
Move to the strongest part of the home.
Open all outside windows and doors.
Turn off all power sources for appliances.
Collect clean water in case of a shortage.
4-4.4
45. What could be the most dangerous parts of a thunderstorm?
A
B
C
D
Televisions and computers can be struck by lightning and have to be replaced.
The noise level of the thunderclaps can damage your hearing.
Lightning is dangerous to watch and can damage your eyesight.
Lightning can cause fires, heavy rains can cause flooding, and strong winds can
blow over trees or power lines.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.4
46. What type of storm is associated with fast winds and resembles a funnelshaped cloud?
A
B
C
D
thunder storm
hurricane
tornado
squall
Use the chart below to answer the next 3 questions.
BOX A
BOX B
Funnel-shaped
cloud
Large amounts
of rainfall
BOX C
Thunderstorms
Thunderstorms
Large amounts of
snowfall
Extreme wind
High winds
Wind
Rain
4-4.4
47. What is Box A describing?
A
B
C
D
a blizzard
a hurricane
a tornado
a monsoon
4-4.4
48. Box B may be describing a —
A
B
C
D
blizzard.
hurricane.
tornado.
monsoon.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.4
49. Box C is describing a —
A
B
C
D
blizzard.
hurricane.
tornado.
monsoon.
4-4.5
50. What instrument measures the amount of precipitation that has fallen?
A
B
C
D
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.5
51. What are barometers used to measure?
A
B
C
D
air temperature
air pressure
wind velocity
humidity
4-4.5
52. The photo below shows how a student made an anemometer. How does
such an anemometer work?
A
B
C
D
The wind speed is measured by the amount of air captured by each cup.
The wind speed is measured by the number of revolutions the cups make per
minute.
The wind speed is estimated by how fast the cup is moving.
The wind speed is calculated by how slow the cups are moving.
4-4.6
53. What type of weather is usually associated with a very rapidly falling
barometer?
A
B
C
D
fair and cold
windy and cloudy
very cold
stormy and rainy
4-4.5
54. A rain gauge would work best in which location?
A
B
C
D
at ground level, in the open
at ground level, in the shade
on the front porch of a house
It works the same in any location.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
Use the data recorded in the chart below to answer the next 3 questions.
Day
High
Low
temperature temperature
Saturday
74
56
Wind
Direction and
Speed
SW 7-14
Sunday
62
52
ENE 6-12
Monday
66
49
SSW 8-16
Tuesday
61
43
N 8-16
Wednesday
68
41
W 8-16
Forecast for the
Day
Mostly cloudy, a
shower in the PM
Mostly cloudy, a
shower; cooler
Mostly cloudy, tstorms possible
A shower possible
in the morning
Mostly sunny
4-4.5
55. The high and low temperatures for each day in the chart above have been
measured using a ―
A
B
C
D
barometer.
rain gauge.
weather vane.
thermometer.
4-4.6
56. The wind speed for each recorded day was measured using a/an ―
A
B
C
D
anemometer.
weather vane.
barometer.
thermometer.
4-4.5
57. The temperatures shown are most likely ―
A
B
C
D
water temperatures.
Fahrenheit temperatures.
Celsius temperatures.
dew-point temperatures.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.5
58. Which timekeeping device is most useful for finding out whether it is
morning or afternoon?
A
B
C
D
hour glass
pendulum
sundial
water clock
4-4.5
59. Which tool can be used to measure the time of day?
A
B
C
D
astrolabe
barometer
compass
sundial
4-4.5
60. Which weather-related instrument would work best if placed at ground
level in the shade?
A
B
C
D
anemometer
rain gauge
thermometer
weather vane
4-4.5
61. What is the measure of the amount of heat in the atmosphere?
A
B
C
D
temperature
atmosphere
front
air pressure
4-4.5
62. A weather vane would work best in which location?
A
B
C
D
at ground level, in the open
at ground level, in the shade
on top of a house in a forest area
It works the same in any location.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.5
63. Aaron made a weather vane for a science class project. In which
direction can he record the wind according to his weather vane?
N
W
E
S
A
B
C
D
East – because wind direction is described by the direction from which the wind
is blowing.
West – because wind direction is described by the direction the arrow on the
vane is pointing.
South – because wind direction is described by the horizontal movement of a
weather vane.
North – because wind direction cannot be determined from a weather vane and
the wind always blows to the North.
4-4.6
64. The meteorologist reports that the viewing area is controlled by a high
pressure system. This usually means —
A
B
C
D
bad weather.
stormy weather.
good weather.
the weather would be variable.
4-4.6
65. In what direction do air masses usually move in the United States?
A
B
C
D
west to east
east to west
north to south
south to north
4-4.6
66. The line where two air masses meet is called a —
A
B
C
D
curve.
barrier.
front.
condition.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.6
67. Knowing__________________ helps predict where air masses will move.
A
B
C
D
wind speed and direction
temperature and cloud condition
rainfall amounts
a meteorologist
4-4.6
68. During the spring, the Weather Channel shows a cold air mass pushing
into a warm air mass. What weather condition will probably happen?
A
B
C
D
a thunderstorm
a hurricane
a snow storm
a tornado
4-4.6
69. The weather report predicts a temperature increase in your area. This
means that —
A
B
C
D
a warm front will pass over the area.
a cold front will pass over the area.
a warm and cold front will meet over the area.
a cold front will push warm air into the area.
4-4.6
70. What conditions can be observed when a cold front is present?
A
B
C
D
As the front passes, cirrus clouds might appear. Precipitation follows and the
temperature rises.
As the front passes, the wind changes directions. Skies begin to clear, and the
temperature drops.
As the front passes, all clouds disappear. No change in temperature is noted.
As the front passes, weak winds appear. Temperature rises quickly.
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.6
71. Early in the day, you notice cumulonimbus clouds. These clouds continue
to develop throughout the day. What type of weather is likely to occur
soon?
A
B
C
D
snow storms
wind storms
clearing skies
severe weather
4-4.6
72. The lower the air temperature, the less water the atmosphere can hold.
This means that if the weather is hot and humid earlier in the day, it will
most likely —
A
B
C
D
snow when the air temperature heats up.
rain when the air temperature cools down.
storm when the air temperature heats up.
clear up when the air temperature cools down.
4-4.6
73. Meteorologists predict and report the weather for different locations. What
tool provides the best way for a meteorologist to show this information?
A
B
C
D
a cloud chart
a weather map
a line graph
a storm diagram
4-4.6
74. Clouds that are wispy, white, and stretching across the sky indicate fair
weather. What type of clouds are these?
A
B
C
D
cirrus
altostratus
cumulonimbus
stratus
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Tests for Higher Standards in Science
South Carolina MiniTest
Grade 4
Weather, 4-4
4-4.6
75. Grey clouds that cover the whole sky often indicate a storm in the near
future. What type of clouds are these?
A
B
C
D
cirrus
cumulonimbus
stratus
altostratus
4-4.6
76. Clouds that form large groupings of white streaks can indicate fair
weather. What type of clouds are these?
A
B
C
D
cumulonimbus
cirrocumulus
stratus
altostratus
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