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Advanced Placement*
CORRELATION GUIDE
Environmental Science: A Study of Interrelationships
By Eldon Enger and Bradley Smith
Twelfth Edition, © 2010
ISBN 9780078936425
Based on College Board Curriculum Guide: AP Environmental Science May 2010, May 2011
*AP and Advanced Placement Program are registered trademarks of the College Entrance Examination Board, which was not involved in the production
of and does not endorse this product.
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
G29245.30
Advanced Placement Correlation Guide
I
A
B
C
D
AP Topic
Page #s
Earth Systems and Resources (10-15%)
Earth Science Concepts
Geological time scale
Plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanism
Seasons
Solar intensity and latitude
NA
p. 109, 239, 265, 273-274, 289290, 366, 375
NA
NA
The Atmosphere
Composition
Structure
Weather and climate
Atmospheric circulations and the Coriolis Effect
Atmosphere-ocean interactions
ENSO
p. 366
p. 366
p. 114-115
p. 366
NA
NA
Global Water Resources and Use
Freshwater/saltwater
Ocean circulation
Agricultural, industrial and domestic use
Surface and groundwater issues
Global problems
Conservation
p. 335-338
NA
p. 339-346
p. 346-360
p. 29, 164, 353, 359, 362
p. 301-305, 340-344, 358-360,
435
Soil and Soil Dynamics
Rock Cycle
Formation
Composition
Physical and chemical properties
Main soil types
Erosion and other soil problems
Soil conservation
NA
p. 292
p. 292-293
p. 292-298
p. 294-298
p. 298-300
p. 301-308
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
G29245.30
II
A
B
C
D
E
The Living World (10-15%)
Ecosystem Structure
Biological populations and communities
Ecological niches
Interactions among species
Keystone species
Species diversity and edge effects
Major terrestrial and aquatic biomes
p. 84-85, 94-95, 140
p. 83-84
p. 89-98
p. 95-96
p. 237-239
p. 115-136
Energy Flow
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Food webs and trophic levels
Ecological pyramids
p. 71-72
p. 97-101
p. 96
Ecosystem Diversity
Biodiversity
Natural selection
Evolution
Ecosystem services
p. 87-88, 123-124, 137, 199, 235262, 303, 325-326
p. 84-89
p. 84-89
p. 239-242
Natural Ecosystem Change
Climate shifts
Species movement
Ecological succession
p. 378-379
p. 143, 195, 207, 236-238, 253
p. 109-113
Natural Biogeochemical Cycles
Carbon
Nitrogen
Phosphorus
Sulfer
Water
Conservation of matter
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
p. 98-101
p. 101-102
p. 102-103
NA
p. 337-339, 381-383
NA
G29245.30
III
Population (10-15%)
A
Population Biology Concepts
Population ecology
Carrying capacity
Reproductive strategies
Survivorship
p. 140-149
p. 146
p. 148-149
p. 141
Human Population
Human Population Dynamics
Historical population sizes
Distribution
Fertility rates
Growth rates and doubling times
Demographic transition
Age-structure diagrams
p. 149-151
p. 142, 154-155, 163
p. 154
p. 149-151, 153-154
p. 161-162
p. 163
B
1
2
3
IV
A
Population size
Strategies for sustainability
Case Studies
National policies
p. 146-147, 161, 268-270
p. 152, 165
p. 155-158, 162-163, 165-166,
428-432, 435
Impacts of population growth
Hunger
Disease
Economic effects
Resource use
Habitat destruction
p. 27-28, 158-161, 309, 314
p. 143-145, 265
p. 151-153, 164-165
p. 157-158, 164-165
p. 165-166, 235-236, 242-251
Land and Water Use (10 - 15%)
Agriculture
1
2
Feeding a growing population
Human nutritional requirements
Types of agriculture
Green Revolution
Genetic engineering and crop production
Deforestation
Irrigation
Sustainable agriculture
Controlling pests
Types of pesticides
Cost and benefits of pesticides use
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
NA
p. 312-314, 326
p. 312-314
p. 329-331
p. 30, 56, 104, 152, 175-176, 256,
299
p. 8-9, 342-343, 355-356, 358-360
p. 310, 324-327
p. 315-319
p. 27-28, 32, 86-87, 236, 320-325,
G29245.30
Integrated pest management
Relevant laws
B
Forestry
Tree plantations
Old growth forests
Forest fires
Forest management
National forest
C
Rangelands
Overgrazing
Deforestation
Desertification
Rangeland management
Federal rangelands
D
1
2
3
Other land use
Urban land development
Planned development
Suburban sprawl
Urbanization
Transportation infrastructure
Federal Highway systems
Canals and channels
Road less areas
Ecosystem impacts
Public and federal lands
Management
Wilderness areas
National parks
Wildlife refuges
Forests
4
Wetlands
Land conservation options
Preservation
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
424
p. 327-330
p. 435
NA
NA
NA
p. 5, 9, 15-16, 32, 50-52, 54-55,
113, 171, 196-197, 241-246, 250251, 276
p. 284
p. 246-247, 284
p. 30, 56, 104, 152, 175-176, 256,
299
p. 28, 151, 159, 161, 199, 247248, 256, 299
p. 246-247, 283-284
p. 283-284
p. 264-285
p. 269-274
p. 264-285
p. 271, 279
p. 267, 272-274, 304-305, 355356
p. 6-7, 9, 283-284
p. 271
p. 12, 29, 254, 277-278, 283-284,
300, 308, 332, 435, 447
p. 6-7, 29, 195, 283-284
p. 283-284
p. 3, 137, 147, 262, 284
p. 9, 15-16, 50-52, 54-55, 242246, 241, 276, 332, 447
p. 4, 11, 136-138, 167, 240, 249,
260, 270, 273, 276-277, 285, 304,
354, 358, 360-361
p. 19, 21, 57, 147, 253-254, 301-
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Remediation
Mitigation
5
Restoration
Sustainable land-use strategies
Sustainable land-use strategies
E
F
G
V
A
B
Mining
Mineral formation
Extraction
Global reserves
307
p. 52, 106, 124, 190-191, 351,
354-355
p. 57, 117, 147
p. 52, 106, 124, 190-191, 351,
354-355
p. 12, 18, 54-56, 75, 81, 119, 162,
183, 206, 230, 254, 278, 295, 320,
324-325, 361, 376, 404, 421, 446
Relevant laws and treaties
NA
p. 189-192, 221, 225, 283
NA
p. 23, 226, 229, 412, 416, 424,
435
Fishing
Fishing techniques
Over fishing
Aquaculture
Relevant laws and treaties
p. 241, 248-249
p. 48-49
p. 131, 133, 248-249
p. 12, 22-23, 25, 34, 254, 257, 435
Global Economics
Globalization
World Bank
Tragedy of the Commons
Relevant laws and treaties
p. 13, 22, 25-32, 49, 428, 436
p. 46, 57, 256, 443
p. 48
p. 12, 34, 254, 257, 435
Energy Resources and Consumption (10-15%)
Energy Concepts
Energy forms
Power
Units
Conversions
Laws of Thermodynamics
p. 72
NA
NA
NA
p. 73-74
Energy Consumption
History
Industrial Revolution
Exponential growth
p. 170-174
p. 172
p. 180-181
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
G29245.30
Energy crisis
Present global energy use
Future energy needs
C
D
E
F
G
Fossil fuel resources and use
Formation of coal, oil, and natural gas
Extraction/purification methods
World reserves and global demand
Synfuels
Environmental advantages/disadvantages of
sources
p. 179-182
p. 174-182
p. 180-182, 186-187
p. 187-188
p. 188-194
p. 186-187
p. 197
p. 190-191, 193-196
Nuclear energy
Nuclear fission process
Nuclear fuel
Electricity production
Nuclear reactor types
Environmental advantages/disadvantages
Safety issues
Radiation and human health
Radioactive wastes
Nuclear fusion
p. 218-219
p. 221-222
p. 218-220
p. 218-220
p. 221, 224-229
p. 216-217, 222-229
p. 215-217, 224
p. 224-227
p. 220
Hydroelectric power
Dams
Flood control
Salmon
Silting
Other impacts
p. 199-201, 344-346
p. 42, 199-201, 244, 274, 344, 346
p. 201
p. 200-201, 301
p. 200-201
Energy conservation
Energy efficiency
CAFÉ standards (Corporate Average Fuel
Economy)
Hybrid electric vehicles
Mass transit
Renewable energy
Solar energy
Solar electricity
Hydrogen fuel cells
Biomass
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
p. 207-208, 383
NA
p. 209
p. 271, 279-280
p. 201-204
p. 203-204
p. 209-210
p. 196-199
G29245.30
Wind energy
Small-scale hydroelectric
Ocean waves and tidal energy
Geothermal
Environmental advantages/disadvantages
IV
Pollution (25-30%)
A
Pollution types
Air pollution
Sources- primary and secondary
Major air pollutants
Measurement units
Smog
Acid deposition- causes and effects
Heat islands and temperature inversions
Indoor air pollution
Remediation and reduction strategies
Clean Air Act and other relevant laws
Noise pollution
Sources
Effects
Control Measures
Water pollution
Types
Sources, causes and effects
Culture eutrophication
Groundwater pollution
Maintaining water quality
Water purification
Sewage treatment/septic systems
Clean Water Act and other relevant laws
Solid Waste
Types
Disposal
Reduction
1
2
3
4
B
1
2
p. 204-205
p. 200
p. 206-207
p. 205-206
p. 199-200, 204-207
p. 366-373
p. 367-373
p. 368, 374
p. 371-372
p. 375-378
p. 373
p. 385-387
p. 70, 373-375
p. 373-374, 435
p. 387-389
p. 387-389
p. 389
p. 346-352
p. 59, 104-105, 315, 333, 346-352
p. 135, 319, 348
p. 352
p. 339-346, 356-358
p. 339-341
p. 356-358
p. 435
p. 393-395
p. 395-401
p. 401-406
Impacts on the environment and human health
Hazards to human health
Environmental risks analysis
p. 37-40
Acute and chronic effects
p. 414
Dose-response relationships
p. 40-41, 216
Air pollutants
p. 367-373, 385-387
Smoking and other risks
p. 385-386
Hazardous chemicals in the environment
Types of hazardous waste
p. 410-417
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
G29245.30
Treatment/disposal of hazardous waste
Cleanup of contaminated sites
Biomagnifications
Relevant laws
C
Economic impacts
Cost-benefit analysis
Externalities
Marginal costs
Sustainability
p. 15, 419-424
p. 416-424
p. 320
p. 411-418, 423-424, 435
p. 45-47
p. 44, 50-51
NA
p. 5, 12, 21, 26, 54-56, 146-147,
183, 268-270, 358-360, 436, 445
VII Global Change (10-15%)
A
B
C
1
2
3
Stratospheric ozone
Formation of stratospheric ozone
Ultraviolet radiation
Causes of ozone depletion
Effects of ozone depletion
Strategies for reducing ozone depletion
Relevant laws and treaties
p. 378
p. 378
p. 32, 378
p. 378
p. 378
p. 32, 378, 435, 443
Global warming
Greenhouse gases and the greenhouse effect
Impacts and consequences of global warming
Reducing climate change
Relevant laws and treaties
p. 379-381
p. 381-383
p. 383-385
p. 384-385, 435
Loss of biodiversity
Habitat loss
Overuse
Pollution
Introduced species
Endangered and extinct species
Maintenance through conservation
Relevant laws and treaties
Environmental Science (Enger), 12th
p. 137, 235-236, 240, 242-248
p. 48, 248
p. 44-45, 236
p. 49, 250
p. 235-236, 244, 253-254, 261262
p. 57, 147, 195, 253-254, 258-261
p. 12, 23, 34, 254, 257, 360, 435
G29245.30