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The Art of Being Human, 7/e Chapter 11 – RELIGION PowerPoint by Julie Rodakowski ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. RELIGION— A phenomenon found in all cultures and all periods as a recognition of the universal need to believe or disbelieve in a higher order. ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. POLYTHEISM = BELIEF IN MANY GODS Egypt — Kings were worshipped as gods India — Many gods were worshipped—mortal & immortal • Diyaus Pita -- the main god • Prithivi -- the earth mother • Indra -- god of storms and war • Varuna -- god of the sky • Brahma -- the Creator of all that exists • Shiva -- the Destroyer of all that exists • Vishnu -- the Preserver of existence ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. Greece & Rome — Many gods were worshipped — mortal & immortal Larger-than-life versions of human beings: • Greece — Zeus & his wife, Hera • Rome — Jupiter & his wife, Juno Bringers of truth and wisdom: • Greece — Athena & Apollo • Rome — Minerva & Apollo ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. BELIEF IN AN IMPERSONAL DIETY • Hinduism — the universal soul (braham) • Buddhism — an enlightened soul Buddha (Siddhartha) was the first enlightened soul, and he described the Eightfold Path so that others might achieve this enlightenment (nirvana) • Zen Buddhism — an enlightened soul achieved by meditation Bodhidharma was the Hindu monk who started it • Taoism — individual people seek to lead lives in harmony with The Way. Lao-tzu was the originator ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. MONOTHEISM = BELIEF IN ONE GOD • JUDAISM — God • CHRISTIANITY — God / Jesus • ISLAM — Allah ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. THE WRITTEN WORD: • HINDUISM — • Vedas — sacred works revealed to mortals • Upanishads — philosophical dialogues men and their students. between holy • Bhagavad-Gita — philosophical views on both and divine existence. • BUDDHISM — The Eightfold Path • TAOISM — Tao Te Ching • JUDAISM — The Hebrew Bible, Talmud, & Torah • CHRISTIANITY — The Christian Bible • ISLAM — The Qur’an ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers. human RELIGION & THE HUMANITIES The link between the two is visible in all aspects of the humanities, including • Art • Literature • Music • Architecture • Film ©2003 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Longman Publishers.
