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IB BIOLOGY Anatomy Multiple Choice Test Bank
1. In addition to transporting oxygen, the blood does all of the following except
a. transport wastes and carbon dioxide
b. assist in maintaining body temperature
c. transport hormones
d. transport polysaccharides such as glycogen
The following diagram represents a section of the alimentary canal and some of its associated organs. Study the
diagram and then answer Question 2.
2. The small intestine, liver and pancreas are labeled respectively
A. VI, I, II
B. III, II, V
C. IV, I, V
D. III, I, II
3. Which of the following pairs are involved in the digestion of fats?
A. Mouth and stomach
B. Stomach and small intestine
C. Pancreas and small intestine
D. Large and small intestine
4. Birth in humans occurs after
A. a decrease in maternal progesterone.
B. a decrease in maternal estrogen.
C. a decrease in maternal oxytocin.
D. a rise in maternal FSH.
5. Rhythmic contraction is initiated (started) by
A. the muscle of the heart itself.
B. nerve impulses from the brain.
C. a hormone from the adrenal gland.
D. return of blood to the atria via veins.
6. Testosterone does not
A.
B.
C.
D.
stimulate pubic hair growth in males
stimulate bone and muscle growth in males.
promote growth of the penis.
stimulate erection of the penis.
The following diagram refers to questions 7 and 8.
7. Blood rich in oxygen enters the heart through
A. I and V
B. VII and IX
C. XI
D. XII
8. Which of the following structures prevent the backflow of blood into the atria?
A. III and IV
B. IV and VI
C. III and VIII
D. II and X
The diagram below shows a nephron. It refers to question 9.
9. In what labelled part does selective reabsorption occur?
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV
10. What type of blood do the four chambers of the heart collect and pump?
11. Oxygenated blood is carried to and from the placenta in the
A. uterine artery and umbilical artery
B. ovarian artery and umbilical artery
C. uterine artery and umbilical vein
D. ovarian artery and umbilical vein
12. In homoiotherms (endotherms) such as human, body temperature regulation can be affected by all the
following except
A. thyroxine increasing the rate of metabolism.
B. adrenaline (epinephrine) increasing the rate of metabolism.
C. Sympathetic nerves increasing perspiration from sweat glands.
D. Parasympathetic nerves increasing voluntary contraction of skeletal muscle.
13. The pancreas is an exocrine and an endocrine gland. Which of the following substances are produced by
the pancreas?
I.
Glucagon
II.
Insulin
III.
Trypsin
IV.
Amylase
A.
B.
C.
D.
I, II, III, and IV
I, II, and III only
II, III, and IV only
I, III, and IV only
14. In some placental mammals the ovaries may be removed in the latter stages of a pregnancy without the
pregnancy being terminated. This is because
A. the ovaries are not producing secondary oocytes during later stages of pregnancy.
B. The placenta produces most of the progesterone and estrogen during later stages of pregnancy.
C. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the anterior pituitary gland
can maintain the endometrial lining.
D. At the later stages of pregnancy hormone are not necessary for maintaining the placenta and
endometrial lining.
15. Spermatogonia produce primary spermatocytes ( spermatocytes I) as a result of
A. the first meiotic division
B. an increase in size
C. the second meiotic division
D. mitosis in the interstitial tissue
16. Microorganisms have difficulty in penetrating the skin of mammals due to the presence of
A. sebaceous glands
B. follicular hair
C. Mucous membranes
D. keratinized cells
17. The organ specifically involved in the production of the plasma cells and B-lymphocytes was removed
from a young bird. After an operation on this animal when the organ had to be removed, it was expected
that
A. after grafting an organ from another bird, the graft would be rejected
B. after grafting an organ from another bird, the graft would not be rejected
C. after injecting antigens, antibodies would be produced
D. after injecting antibodies, antigens would be produced
18. Arteries are vessels which
A. always carry oxygenated blood
B. carry blood to all organs except the liver
C. contain a series of valves which prevent backflow of blood
D. contain muscle fibres which help pump blood
19. The difference between arteries and veins is that
A. all arteries carry oxygenated blood and all veins carry deoxygenated blood
B. all arteries have thicker walls then all veins
C. all arteries have narrower lumen then all veins
D. all arteries carry blood to an organ and all veins carry blood away from an organ
20. The human gas exchange system has
A. more bronchi then bronchioles
B. more tracheae then bronchi
C. more lungs then bronchioles
D. more alveoli the bronchi
21. The presence of antibodies in a fetus that were produced by the exposure of the mother to a disease is an
example of
A. natural and active immunity.
B. artificial and active immunity.
C. natural and passive immunity.
D. artificial and passive immunity.
22. Vitamin K (phylloquinone) is needed by the human body for
A. formation of red blood cells.
B. clotting of blood.
C. hydrogen transport in mitochondria.
D. production of collagen.
23. Ligaments are needed in human joints because
A. they connect muscle to bone.
B. they help to supply blood to the joint.
C. they restrict movement at the joint.
D. they reduce friction.
24. An action potential is initiated (started) when
A. potassium and sodium ions diffuse out of a neuron.
B. neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine cross a synapse and affect the electrical potential of an adjacent
membrane.
C. potassium and sodium ions diffuse into a neuron.
D. acetylcholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine.
25. Why are vitamins required in the human diet?
A. They are amino acids which the body cannot synthesize but which are required for making proteins.
B. They ensure a sufficiently high intake of fresh fruit and vegetables.
C. They can be made in small amounts by the body but, because they are a type of enzyme, they are
continually use up.
D. They are essential for many biochemical reactions but cannot be made by the body.
26. Which of the following is transported by the blood?
A. Gametes
B. Glycogen
C. Heat
D. Starch
27. What is a characteristic of antigens?
A. They are produced by phagocytic leucocytes.
B. They are produced in the bone marrow.
C. They are only found in white blood cells.
D. They may stimulate the formation of antibodies.
28. Why does exercise cause the breathing rate to vary?
A. It increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood, which lowers its pH.
B. It increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in blood, which increases its pH.
C. It lowers the concentration of oxygen in blood, which increases the pH.
D. It increases the concentration of oxygen in blood, which lowers the pH.
29. What does LH (luteinizing hormone) stimulate?
A. The production of testosterone by interstitial cells.
B. The production of sperms by seminiferous tubules.
C. The development of primary follicles in the ovary.
D. The degeneration of the corpus luteum.
30. What does reverse transcriptase catalyze in cells infected with HIV?
A. The production of DNA from viral RNA.
B. The production of DNA from host cell RNA.
C. The production of RNA from viral DNA.
D. The production of RNA from host cell DNA.
31. Which class of antibody has the following characteristics?
It is the principal immunoglubulin found in blood plasma and other internal body fluids.
It is formed during the period of secondary response to an infection.
It neutralizes bacterial toxins.
It binds to micro-organisms and promotes their phagocytosis.
A. IgA
B. IgD
C. IgE
D. IgG
32. What causes the change in potential difference across a membrane in an ‘action potential’?
A. Changes in the permeability of surface membrane to sodium and potassium.
B. The high concentration of sodium outside the cell.
C. The impermeability of the cell surface membrane to sodium.
D. Conversion of sodium to potassium.
33. What is the function of calcium ions in synaptic transmission?
A. Opening the sodium channel?
B. Closing of the sodium channel.
C. Depolarization of the postsynaptic membrane.
D. Release of acetylcholine.
34. What is the function of ligaments in the human elbow joint?
A. Preventing friction between the surface of the bones.
B. Holding two bones at a joint together.
C. Attaching muscle to bone.
D. Attaching cartilage to bone.
35. Which organisms excrete ammonia (NH3) as their principal nitrogenous waste product?
A. Adult amphibians and marine fish.
B. Marine fish and amphibian larvae.
C. Amphibian larvae and freshwater fish.
D. Freshwater fish and adult amphibians.