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AP Biology Research Project - Cell Signaling Diseases Project INTRODUCTION Communication between cells is important in order to ensure that all cells are performing their required functions. Cell to cell communication usually takes the form of a signal transduction pathway. You can think of such a pathway as a row of dominoes, all standing on their ends. Push one domino over, and the rest fall, due their direct or indirect association with the first one you pushed over. Some signals that cells send only work over a short distance. For example, in the brain, neurotransmitters allow one neuron to excite its neighbor. The signal travels no further. Other signals, however, do travel a further distance. Hormones, for example, are secreted by a source organ and travel to target cells, equipped with specialized receptors, in remote regions of the body. Unfortunately, signal transduction might go awry. Because there are so many players and so many steps in the process, it is easy to see how this might happen. To complete this project you will need to: 1. Review information about how problems in cell signaling can lead to diseases: a. Explain the stages of a normal signal transduction pathway. i. Understand the role of extracellular molecules (or ligands) in normal signal transduction. ii. Recognize the role of protein kinases, cyclic AMP or calcium in the regulation of cellular biochemical pathways in non-diseased cells. iii. Describe what a cell does when it receives a signal (what kinds of cellular processes are altered upon receipt of a signal) b. Explain how the disease you have researched results from a disruption of this signal transduction pathway (whether it be at reception, transduction or response) 2. Share this information in a visual and oral presentation Your responsibility is to develop a poster that explains the basics of the disease and its relationship to a faulty signal transduction pathway. Much of this research is "cutting edge." Your poster must explain both the "normal" pathway and the "faulty" pathway and describe treatments and/or research being done for the disease. Pictures and graphics are also necessary. I do not expect you to work at the graduate level on this project but I do expect you to be able to explain, in your own words, the basics of the mechanism and the way in which the failure of the mechanism leads to disease. Please use reliable sources – start with EBSCO. Here are some additional good places to try: http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/memb/cellcomm.htm http://www.cellsignal.com/reference/pathway/index.jsp http://www.emedicine.com/ http://www.bioteach.ubc.ca/CellBiology/CellSurfaceReceptors/ http://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/ http://www.cellsignallingbiology.org/ http://www.kumc.edu/gec/support http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/projects/genome/guide/human/ http://medgen.genetics.utah.edu/photographs.htm http://www.genome.gov/ Disease Choices Ataxia Telangiectasia (AT) Heart Disease - Congenital Heart Disease or Cardiomyocyte Hypertrophy Parkinson's disease Multiple Sclerosis Pancreatic Cancer Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML) Alzheimer Disease Tuberous Sclerosis Neurofibromatosis Alopecia Diabetes (Type 2 - Insulin Resistance) Cockayne Syndrome Asthma Cystic Fibrosis Werner Syndrome Norrie Disease Glaucoma Tuberous sclerosis Waardenburg syndrome Grading: Total Points – 35 points Kostmann Disease Ebola Thrombasthenia Cholera Shigellosis Ameobic dysentary Wiskott - Aldrich syndrome (WAS) Bernard-Soulier Syndrome Chronic myelogenous leukemia Botulism Pertussis (whooping cough) Bipolar Affective Disorder Osteoporosis Tourette syndrome Hypertension Arteriosclerosis Aging Flu (1918) Bubonic plague 1. Format - poster - 10 points • All information must be typed; use headings and appropriate font sizes • Pictures and graphics included; at least three including o A picture or drawing of a person with the disease or a picture or drawing of organs and/or tissues affected by the disease. o A picture or drawing of the normal, working cell signaling pathway(s) involved. o A picture or drawing of the faulty cell signaling pathway(s) involved. • Neat/colorful presentation - no spelling or grammatical errors • Include name(s) in lower right corner of poster • Include list of 3 or more sources used for project (properly cited using MLA) of poster 2. Content - 16 points • Disease - basics only - cause and core symptoms • Cell signaling pathway involved o Correct mechanism o Incorrect mechanism • Graphics of pathway (3 minimum) • Current direction of treatment and research 3. Presentation - 9 points • Three - five minute presentation of poster to class • Be able to put content into "own words" and explain poster • No direct reading off poster – both team members (if two) speak and can answer questions asked of them Format Criteria Overall presentation of poster Pictures & Graphics Citations Content Disease Information Normal cell signaling pathway Faulty cell signaling pathway Current treatments & research Presentation Length Comments: 4 Fluency 3 or more sources cited properly using MLA format The cause and core symptoms of the disease are clearly explained All 3 components of the normal signaling pathway are present and fully explained All 3 components of the faulty signaling pathway are present and fully explained Current treatments and research present and fully explained 3 All information is typed, no spelling or grammatical errors, neat, colorful Images include normal pathway, faulty pathway, and affected organs/tissues 3 sources cited, MLA format not followed The cause and core symptoms are present but missing 1-2 key details All 3 components of the normal signaling pathway are presenting but missing some details All 3 components of the faulty signaling pathway are presenting but missing some details Current treatments and research present but missing some details Presentation lasts 35 minutes Presenter(s) present content in their own words and clearly understand the disease presented, can answer questions Presenter(s) do not read off of the poster during presentation 2 1 Poster contains 1-3 spelling or grammatical errors, lacks neatness or color, or not all information is typed Missing 1 of 3 required images Poster contains 4 or more spelling or grammatical errors, is messy and lacks color, not typed 2 sources cited 1 source cited The cause and core symptoms are present but missing 3-4 key details All 3 components of the normal signaling pathway are present but no details The cause and core symptoms are missing 4 or more key details Missing 1 or more components of the normal signaling pathway and no details Missing 1 or more components of the faulty signaling pathway and no details Missing current treatments or research and no details Presentation less than 2 minutes Presenter(s) present little of the content in their own words, do not seem to understand the disease presented, struggle to answer questions All 3 components of the faulty signaling pathway are present but no details Current treatments and research present but with not details Presentation lasts 23 minutes Presenter(s) present most of content in their own words, have some gaps in understanding the disease presented, have some hesitation in answering questions Presenter(s) occasionally read off of the poster during presentation Missing 2 of 3 required images Presenter(s) read off of the poster for the majority of the presentation TOTAL: ___________/ 35