Download AP-BIO-PRACTICE-EXAM

SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
1
2.5 hours are allotted for this examination: 60 minutes for Section I, consisting of 60 multiple choice questions, and
90 minutes for Section II, consisting of four free-response questions. For both sections, the questions are not in
order of difficulty. You are expected to pace yourself, and provide sufficient explanation for your answers in
Section II. You may use a periodic table or a scientific calculator, if needed. Choose the best following answer for
Section I.
SECTION I
Time – 60 minutes
Number of questions – 60
Total marks – 60
1.
Which of the following is a unicellular
eukaryote?
A. protozoa
B.
bacteria
C.
viruses
D. animals
E.
3.
plants
The processes illustrated in the models
above all result in which of the following?
A. Transcription
H + + HCO3- « H 2O+ CO2
2.
The equation above shows one of the
B.
An increase in genetic variation
C.
An increase in the chromosome
number
reversible reactions that occur in blood.
After exercise, an athlete’s blood pH has
D. Horizontal gene transfer
dropped below the normal level. How will
E.
Base-pair substitution
normal blood pH be restored?
A. An increase in O2 concentration in the
B.
C.
All of the following organs are vestigial
plasma will lead to an increase in H+
EXCEPT the:
concentration.
A. male nipples.
An increase in temperature will lead to
B.
appendix.
an increase in H+ concentration.
C.
body hair.
An increase in sweating will lead to a
D. wisdom teeth.
decrease in OH- and H+ concentration.
E.
D. An increase in breathing rate will lead
to a decrease in blood CO2 and H+
concentration.
E.
4.
None of the above.
interstitial fluid.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
2
6.
A student in a biology class crossed a male
Drosophila melanogaster having a gray
body and long wings with a female D.
melanogaster having a black body and
apterous wings. The following distribution
of traits was observed in the offspring.
5.
Phenotype
# of offspring
Gray body, long wings
42
To determine the evolutionary history and
Black body, apterous wings
41
relationships among organisms, scientists
Gray body, apterous wings
9
gather evidence from wide variety of
Black body, long wings
8
sources including paleontology,
embryology, morphology, behaviour, and
Which of the following is supported by the
molecular biology. A phylogenetic tree of
data?
vertebrates is shown. Which of the
A. The alleles for gray body and long wings
following statements is most consistent
are dominant.
with the phylogenetic tree shown?
B.
A. Birds and turtles evolved their own
are recessive.
means of gas exchange independently
C.
of the other vertebrates.
B.
C.
The alleles for gray body and long wings
The alleles for black body and apterous
wings are co-dominant.
Mammals are most closely related to
D. Genes for the two traits are located on
birds because they share a direct
two different chromosomes, and
common ancestor.
independent assortment occurred.
The common ancestor of reptiles, birds,
E.
and mammals, produced amniotic eggs.
Genes for the two traits are located
close together on the same
D. Crocodiles are direct descendants of
chromosome, and crossing over
ray-finned fishes since they live in the
occurred between the two gene loci.
same environment.
E.
All of the above.
7.
Cellular material is transported through the:
A. nucleus.
B.
endoplasmic reticulum.
C.
Golgi body.
D. cell membrane.
E.
vacuole.
SBI 3U1
8.
BIOLOGY
Trypsinogen is converted into its active
3
11. Which of the following simple organisms
form, trypsin, to help with complete
use flagella to create a continuous current
digestion of food. This process takes place
of water that passes through pores in the
in the:
body wall, which then exits through large
A. duodenum.
openings at its top?
B.
pancreas.
A. cnidaria.
C.
jejunum.
B.
porifera.
D. ileum.
C.
nematoda.
E.
D. rotifera.
hilum.
E.
9.
mammalia.
The general pathway of digestion is
described as:
A. mouth, esophagus, stomach, large
intestine, small intestine, colon,
rectum.
B.
C.
mouth, esophagus, stomach, colon,
small intestine, large intestine, colon,
size of their dividing regions. Which of the
rectum.
following sequences of terms, in order,
mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
corresponds to the first, second, and third
intestine, large intestine, rectum.
type of blood vessel depicted above?
D. mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
E.
12. Blood vessels can be categorized into the
A. capillaries, venules, veins.
intestine, colon, large intestine, rectum.
B.
capillaries, arterioles, arteries.
mouth, esophagus, stomach, large
C.
venules, veins, capillaries.
intestine, small intestine, colon.
D. arteries, arterioles, capillaries.
E.
aorta, arteries, arterioles.
10. Which of the following is NOT a genetic
abnormality?
13. Which of the following is the resulting
A. monosomy.
nucleotide sequence after a base-pair
B.
trisomy
substitution to the sequence of:
C.
base-pair substitution
TAC GCA TGG AAT?
D. insertion
A. TAC GA TGG AAT
E.
B.
TAC GCA TGGC AAT
C.
TAC GCA TGG AAT
None of the above.
D. TAC GTA TGG AAT
E.
None of the above.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
4
14. After blood passes through the superior
vena cava, it enters the right atrium. Which
of the following does the blood pass
through immediately after the right atrium?
A. semilunar valve.
B.
bicuspid valve.
C.
tricuspid valve.
D. chordae tendinae.
E.
right ventricle.
17. In the pedigree above, circles represent
females, squares represent males, and
shaded figures represent individuals
expressing a specific trait. The expression of
this trait is most likely due to which of the
following?
15. All of the following statements about lung
capacity are true EXCEPT:
A. inspiratory reserve volume + tidal
volume + expiratory reserve volume =
vital capacity
B.
A. Sex-linked dominant inheritance
B.
Sex-linked recessive inheritance
C.
Autosomal dominant inheritance
D. Autosomal recessive inheritance
E.
total lung capacity – residual volume =
A co-dominant relationship of a single
pair of alleles
vital capacity
C.
inspiratory reserve volume + expiratory
reserve volume + tidal volume +
residual volume = total lung capacity
D. vital capacity + tidal volume = total lung
capacity
E.
Questions 18-21 refer to the following genetic
crosses, in which R and T represent dominant
alleles and r and t represent recessive alleles for
two genes that are located on different
chromosomes.
All of the above.
A. ttrr x ttrr
16. Which of the following is NOT a factor
affecting diffusion and permeability?
A. temperature
B.
size
C.
shape
D. moisture
E.
B and C
B.
TtRr x TtRr
C.
TTRr x TtRR
D. TtRr x ttrr
E.
TtRr x ttRr
18. Offspring from this cross are expected to
exhibit a 1:1:1:1 phenotypic ratio.
19. Offspring from this cross are expected to
exhibit a 3:3:1:1 phenotypic ratio.
20. All offspring from this cross are expected to
exhibit both dominant traits.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
21. This cross is an example of a dihybrid cross
in which both parents are heterozygous.
5
24. An electric impulse at which location
signifies the start of the heartbeat?
A. sinoatrial node
22. Which of the following statements best
B.
atrioventricular valve
explains why oxygen is taken up more
C.
bicuspid valve
rapidly at 12°C than at 20°C?
D. superior vena cava
A. Oxygen is more soluble in blood at
E.
aorta
lower temperatures.
B.
C.
At 12°C, a higher rate of oxygen
25. DNA replication occurs:
consumption is required to maintain a
A. during the S phase of the cell cycle.
high body temperature.
B.
In colder temperatures, more heat is
as the nuclear envelope breaks down in
early mitosis.
lost at the surface of the skin and the
C.
heat is replaced by deeper breathing.
D. in animal cells but not in plant cells.
D. Oxygen is taken up more rapidly
E.
because of the greater expansion of the
during mitosis but not meiosis.
only in cells destined to become
gametes.
lungs caused by the loss of heat.
E.
The loss of body heat causes muscles to
relax and require more oxygen.
26. An allele on the X chromosome is
responsible for the recessive trait of redgreen color blindness in humans. The
23. A group of people whose ancestors
daughter of a woman who is color-blind has
immigrated to North America 200 years ago
normal vision and marries a man who is
have certain allele frequencies that differ
color-blind. This couple has a son; what is
significantly from those in surrounding
the probability that the son will be color-
populations in the United States. Which of
blind?
the following is the most likely explanation
A. 0
for the difference in allele frequencies?
B.
1/4
A. Mutation
C.
1/2
B.
Independent assortment
D. 3/4
C.
Reproductive isolation
E.
D. Sex linkage
E.
Gametic isolation
1
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
6
Questions 27-29 refer to the following
Questions 32-37 refer to the following pathogens.
subcategories of Archaea.
Match the following human diseases with the
pathogen that causes it. The same answer can be
A. methanogens
B.
halophiles
C.
thermoacidophiles
used more than once.
A. bacteria
D. thermophiles
B.
viruses
E.
C.
fungi
sulfolobales
D. protists
27. Thrive in highly ionic (salty) environments.
E.
prions
28. Thrive in hot environments.
29. Thrive in highly carbonic environments.
32. Ring worm
33. Tooth decay
30. Which of the following human diseases is
34. Cold sore
caused by a fungus?
35. Yeast infection
A. West Nile
36. Malaria
B.
lupus
37. Mad Cow Disease
C.
yeast infection
D. athlete’s foot
E.
C and D
38. Homologous chromosomes move toward
opposite poles of a dividing cell during:
A. mitosis.
31. There are many branches of biology dealing
B.
meiosis I.
with the separate complexities of living
C.
meiosis II.
systems. Morphology, for example, is the
D. fertilization.
study of outward traits and genetic
E.
independent assortment.
expressions of eukaryotes. The study of
biology dedicated to the study of
mechanisms within the body is called:
39. Meiosis II is similar to mitosis in that:
A. sister chromatids separate during
A. molecular biology
anaphase.
B.
anatomy
B.
DNA replicates before the division.
C.
histology
C.
the daughter cells are diploid.
D. physiology
D. homologous chromosomes synapse.
E.
E.
phylogeny
None of the above.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
7
40. Blood returning to the mammalian heart in
44. Which of the following would increase the
a pulmonary vein drains first into the:
rate of heat between an animal and its
A. left atrium.
environment?
B.
right atrium.
A. feathers or fur
C.
left ventricle.
B.
vasoconstriction
D. left atrium.
C.
wind blowing across the body surface
E.
D. vasodilation
A and B
E.
countercurrent heat exchanger
41. If a molecule of carbon dioxide released
into the blood in your left toe is exhaled
45. Fat digestion yields fatty acids and glycerol,
from your nose, it must pass through all of
whereas protein digestion yields amino
the following EXCEPT:
acids. Both digestive processes:
A. the pulmonary vein.
A. occur inside cells in most animals.
B.
the trachea.
B.
add a water molecule to break bonds.
C.
the right atrium.
C.
require a low pH resulting from HCl
D. the right ventricle.
E.
the bronchioles.
production.
D. consume ATP.
E.
None of the above.
42. Compared with a smaller cell, a larger cell of
the same shape has:
46. After surgical removal of an infected
A. less surface area.
gallbladder, a person must be especially
B.
less surface area per unit of volume.
careful to restrict dietary intake of:
C.
the same surface area to volume ratio.
A. starch.
D. a smaller cytoplasm to nucleus ratio.
B.
protein.
E.
C.
sugar.
a larger cytoplasm to nucleus ratio.
D. fat.
43. Both viruses and prokaryotes contain:
A. nucleic acids.
B.
ribosomes.
C.
a plasma membrane.
D. a protein coat.
E.
a peptidoglycan wall.
E.
water.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
8
Questions 47-48 refer to the following graph of an
Questions 49-51 refer to the following pedigree.
immune response.
Filled boxes or filled circles indicate the inheritance
of a biochemical disorder.
49. The disorder illustrated in the pedigree is
probably inherited as:
47. The action of the immune system at day 5 is
A. an autosomal dominant allele.
most likely in response to the introduction
B.
an autosomal recessive allele.
of:
C.
an X-linked dominant allele.
A. an antibiotic.
D. an X-linked recessive allele.
B.
an antigen.
E.
C.
an antibody.
D. an immunoglobulin.
E.
a macrophage.
a Y-linked dominant allele.
50. The best explanation for the inheritance of
the disorder in individual F is that she
received:
48. If the immune responses at day 5 and day
A. an allele for the disorder only from her
30 are reactions to the same substance, the
likely source of antibodies at day 30 are:
mother.
B.
A. T cells.
B.
erythrocytes.
C.
leukocytes.
D. macrophages.
E.
an allele for the disorder only from her
father.
C.
alleles for the disorder from both
parents.
D. two alleles for the disorder form her
None of the above.
mother.
E.
two alleles for the disorder from her
father.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
51. Which of the following is the probability of
9
55. Which of the following is the dominant
the disorder appearing in the next offspring
reaction as blood flows through the
from D and E?
pulmonary capillaries? Note that Hb =
A. 0%
hemoglobin.
B.
25%
A.
H 2CO3 ® H + + HCO3
C.
50%
B.
H 2O+ CO2 ® H 2CO3
C.
Hb+ 4CO2 ® Hb(CO2 )4
D.
Hb(O2 )4 ® Hb+ 4O2
E.
Hb+ 4O2 ® Hb(O2 )4
D. 75%
E.
100%
Questions 52-53 refer to the following.
A. angiosperms
56. In peas, a dominant allele (R) produces a
B.
gymnosperms
round pea shape, and a recessive allele (r)
C.
ferns
produces a wrinkled shape. At a second
D. green algae
locus on a different chromosome, a
E.
dominant allele (Y) produces yellow seeds,
mosses
and a recessive allele (y) produces green
52. The development of seeds is not protected
inside an ovary.
53. Vascular seed plants in which the egg is
seeds. If a cross between two pea plants
produces ¼ wrinkled seeds and ½ yellow
seeds, which of the following represents the
fertilized and develops in an enclosed
parental genotypes?
hollow ovary.
A. RRYY x rryy
54. Which of the following is correct about
B.
RrYy x rryy
C.
RrYy x Rryy
diastolic blood pressure?
D. RrYy x RrYy
A. It is generated by contraction of the
E.
ventricles.
B.
It is measured in the veins.
C.
It is the pressure determined using a
sphygmomanometer that is recorded
when the sounds lub-DUBB disappear.
D. It is measured in Pascals.
E.
It increases as an individual becomes
more physically fit.
Rryy x Rryy
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
57. Which of the following is true for fungi and
10
60. How many chromosomes would be present
archaea?
in each daughter cell at the end of
A. Their cells are bounded by a wall made
telophase II of meiosis?
B.
C.
of peptidoglycan.
A. 2
Their cells lack a membrane-bounded
B.
4
nucleus.
C.
8
They are all autotrophic.
D. 16
D. They are all parasites.
E.
E.
32
Each group belongs to a different
domain.
58. All of the following are effective in lowering
body temperature in mammals EXCEPT:
A. large ears.
B.
sweating.
C.
panting.
D. decreased muscular activity.
E.
decreased blood flow to extremities.
59. A man and a woman have blood types A
and B respectively. Both have one parent
with O blood type. What is the probability
that the man and woman have a child with
O blood type?
A. 0%
B.
25%
C.
50%
D. 75%
E.
100%
STOP. END OF SECTION I.
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
11
SECTION II
Time – 90 minutes
Number of questions – 4
Total marks – 40
Directions: Questions 1 and 2 are long free-response questions that are worth 12 marks each. Questions 3 and 4
are short free-response questions that are worth 8 marks each. Read each question carefully and completely. You
are responsible for timing yourself in each question. Write your response in the space provided. Answers must be
written in paragraph form. Outlines, bulleted lists, or diagrams alone are not acceptable unless otherwise stated.
1.
Maintenance of glucose levels, digestion, and the overall role of the pancreas has been intensively studied
in humans.
A) Pancreatic enzymes help regulate and facilitate digestion of carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins.
Identify THREE pancreatic enzymes that aid in digestion.
B) For the three enzymes that you identified in A), identify which one aids in digestion of:

Complex polysaccharides

Lipids

Proteins
C) Identify THREE other excretions or enzymes that aid in digestion found anywhere else in the digestive
system.
D) Explain how each of the following disorders affects the function of the digestive system as a whole, as
well as further complications that can arise from these disorders.

Pancreatitis

Crohn’s Disease

Reverse peristalsis (emesis)
SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
12
ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 1
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
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ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 1
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
14
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 1
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SBI 3U1
2.
BIOLOGY
15
In fruit flies, the phenotype for eye colour is determined by a certain locus. E indicates the dominant allele
and e indicates the recessive allele. The cross between a male wild-type fruit fly and a female white-eyed
fruit fly produced the following offspring. The wild-type and white-eyed individuals from the F1
generation were then crossed to produce the following offspring.
Wild-type
male
Wild-type
female
White-eyed
male
White-eyed
female
Brown-eyed
female
F1
0
45
55
0
1
F2
23
31
22
24
0
A) Determine the genotypes of the original parents (P generation) and explain your reasoning. Use
Punnett squares to enhance your description and discuss the results of the Punnett squares in your
answer.
B) The brown-eyed female in the F1 generation resulted from a mutational change. Explain what a
mutation is, and discuss and define the THREE types of mutations that might have produced the
brown-eyed female in the F1 generation.
C) Explain how each of the following concepts could have contributed to the production of the offspring
mentioned above. You may reference to any point or piece of information in the chart to support
your answer.

Meiosis

Independent assortment

Crossing over
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
16
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 2
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
17
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 2
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
18
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 2
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SBI 3U1
3.
BIOLOGY
19
For each of the following pairs of terms, describe how one is related to, causes, or is affected by the
other.

DNA replication, meiosis

Breathing, blood alkalinity

Motility, pseudopods

Sinoatrial node, aerobic cellular respiration
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
20
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 3
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
21
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 3
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
22
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 3
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SBI 3U1
4.
BIOLOGY
23
The vital aspects in the life of a Protista are water, food, and motility.
A) Explain whether the Paramecium is a protozoa or not. Then, identify the role each of the following
plays in its daily life:

Oral groove

Cilia

Pellicle
B) Explain whether the Euglena is a protozoa or not. Then, identify the role each of the following plays in
its daily life:

Chloroplast

Flagellum

Water vacuole
C) Compare and contrast the two processes of photosynthesis and aerobic cellular respiration. Indicate
the chemical equation of cellular respiration in your answer.
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
24
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 4
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
25
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 4
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
26
ADDITIONAL ANSWER PAGE FOR QUESTION 4
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SBI 3U1
BIOLOGY
STOP
END OF EXAM
27