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EIP2020 - 12th Excellence in Pediatrics Conference – 2020, Virtual
3-5 December 2020
COVID-19 Updates
1. Clinical and biochemical manifestations of newborns and young infants who presented with a
sepsis-like picture: Comparison between COVID-19 positive and negative groups (a controlled
study)
 Newborns and young infants who presented with sepsis-like and were COVID 19 positive had
significantly lower neutrophil count and albumin level and higher lymphocyte count compared
to COVID-19 negative infants. Their low CT value denoted considerably high viral load.
2. Prevalence of COVID19 infection and Their Clinical Manifestations in Newborns and Young Infants
Presented with Sepsis-like picture: A comparative study between COVID19 positive and negative
infants.
 COVID positive presentation in neonates might simulate sepsis-like-picture due to other causes.
Screening newborns with sepsis-like-picture for COVID19 is necessary during this epidemic.
3. Radiological findings in chest x-ray in Covid-19 neonates and young infants
 Chest x-ray changes in the majority of the symptomatic newborns with COVID-19 infection were
mild. Ground glass opacity in chest x-ray represented moderate severity of chest involvement,
while consolidations represented marked severity in those patients
Gastrointestinal Disorders
4. A study on epidemiology and aetiology of acute gastroenteritis
 High fever, blood or mucus in the stool are more likely to be present in bacterial infection, as
well as neutrophilia and an elevated CRP. A possible explanation for the similar prevalence
between viral and bacterial AGE is the proportion of children with contaminated water
consumption in rural areas and the protective effect of a complete immunization against
rotavirus
5. The effects of partially hydrolysed whey protein on digestive comfort in healthy infants: (tertiary)
outcomes from a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial
 Consumption of the partially hydrolysed formula (PHF) resulted in larger and looser stools.
Furthermore, consumption of the PHF was associated with green coloured stools, whereas
intact protein formula (IPF) consumption led to more yellow coloured stools. Finally, infants on
the PHF were reported to be gassier compared to those on IPF.
6. Outcomes for children born with Hirschsprung’s disease
 Hirschsprung’s disease is a congenital colon condition causing chronic constipation and if
untreated, toxic megacolon

Many children with Hirschsprung’s have poor bowel outcomes after Duhamel pullthrough
surgery. Constipation is especially prevalent, and this is likely due to the remnants of aganglionic
bowel that remain after this procedure. Whilst life-threatening complications remain rare at this
centre, successful management of common complications such as constipation and soiling is
important, as these may impact psychosocial wellbeing. Soiling after pull-throughs is most likely
overflow secondary to constipation, highlighting how important successful management or
prevention of constipation is. Novel pull-through techniques have shown a lower rate of
constipation, and these should be considered in the future management of Hirschsprung’s
patients at this centre. Follow up of surgical patients into adulthood is also recommended.