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Pedia Conference Compendium (A4 size; 16+4 pages) EIP2020 - 12th Excellence in Pediatrics Conference – 2020, Virtual 3-5 December 2020 COVID-19 Updates 1. Clinical and biochemical manifestations of newborns and young infants who presented with a sepsis-like picture: Comparison between COVID-19 positive and negative groups (a controlled study) Newborns and young infants who presented with sepsis-like and were COVID 19 positive had significantly lower neutrophil count and albumin level and higher lymphocyte count compared to COVID-19 negative infants. Their low CT value denoted considerably high viral load. 2. Prevalence of COVID19 infection and Their Clinical Manifestations in Newborns and Young Infants Presented with Sepsis-like picture: A comparative study between COVID19 positive and negative infants. COVID positive presentation in neonates might simulate sepsis-like-picture due to other causes. Screening newborns with sepsis-like-picture for COVID19 is necessary during this epidemic. 3. Radiological findings in chest x-ray in Covid-19 neonates and young infants Chest x-ray changes in the majority of the symptomatic newborns with COVID-19 infection were mild. Ground glass opacity in chest x-ray represented moderate severity of chest involvement, while consolidations represented marked severity in those patients Gastrointestinal Disorders 4. A study on epidemiology and aetiology of acute gastroenteritis High fever, blood or mucus in the stool are more likely to be present in bacterial infection, as well as neutrophilia and an elevated CRP. A possible explanation for the similar prevalence between viral and bacterial AGE is the proportion of children with contaminated water consumption in rural areas and the protective effect of a complete immunization against rotavirus 5. The effects of partially hydrolysed whey protein on digestive comfort in healthy infants: (tertiary) outcomes from a double-blind, randomized, controlled trial Consumption of the partially hydrolysed formula (PHF) resulted in larger and looser stools. Furthermore, consumption of the PHF was associated with green coloured stools, whereas intact protein formula (IPF) consumption led to more yellow coloured stools. Finally, infants on the PHF were reported to be gassier compared to those on IPF. 6. Outcomes for children born with Hirschsprung’s disease Hirschsprung’s disease is a congenital colon condition causing chronic constipation and if untreated, toxic megacolon Many children with Hirschsprung’s have poor bowel outcomes after Duhamel pullthrough surgery. Constipation is especially prevalent, and this is likely due to the remnants of aganglionic bowel that remain after this procedure. Whilst life-threatening complications remain rare at this centre, successful management of common complications such as constipation and soiling is important, as these may impact psychosocial wellbeing. Soiling after pull-throughs is most likely overflow secondary to constipation, highlighting how important successful management or prevention of constipation is. Novel pull-through techniques have shown a lower rate of constipation, and these should be considered in the future management of Hirschsprung’s patients at this centre. Follow up of surgical patients into adulthood is also recommended.