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1 *Note to youYOU CHOOSE WHICH TABLE U WANT AMONG THESE 2, I THINK THESE TABLES ARE BETTER, COMBINED MALE AND FEMALE RATIOS CONCLUSIONS 1. PDC cases showed significant sexual dimorphism in all parameters studied. 2. Delayed dental age was twice as prevalent in PDC males than in females. 3. Delayed dental age in males with PDC was associated with smaller teeth and higher frequency of anomalous, especially peg-shaped, lateral incisors. 4. PDC males with NDA had dentitions more similar to the controls. 5. The dental parameters studied were not significantly different in the 2 dental age subgroups in females, even though a slight increase in the prevalence of anomalous lateral incisors was associated with delayed development. 6. The lateral incisor was the only tooth significantly smaller in both boys and girls and in both dental age subgroups than in the controls. Conversely, the first premolar was exclusively affected in the LDA male subgroup. 2 CONCLUSION ORs are superior to Pas for localization of IMCs. Although an HTS between 2 ORs frequently is easier to interpret than a VTS between a PR and an OR, this about all the teeth is in usually both arches, the two jaws, and theThis surrounding structures, oftenprovides taken as an initial latter combination the combination of choice. is because the PR, is which radiograph, information and this combination only requires one additional exposure, the OR. To facilitate the interpretation of a VTS the vertical angle of the x-ray tube in the OR should be increased from the usually recommended 60° to 65° to 70° to 75°. of maxillary canine eruption usually is not necessary before 10 years of age, Radiographic supervision however, palatal impaction is more likely to occur later if: (1) there is a family history of palatally IMCs and/or small, peg-shaped, or missing lateral incisors and/or missing other teeth, or (2) the patient presents with small, peg-shaped or missing lateral incisors. If the patient is over 10 years of age, impaction may have occurred if the clinician notes one or more of the following: (1) asymmetry in palpation or a pronounced difference in eruption of the canines; (2) the canines cannot be palpated and occlusal development is advanced; (3) the lateral incisor is proclined and tipped distally; (4) there is an abnormality in the magnification of the canine on the PR; (5) the lateral or central incisor is overlapped by the canine on the PR. *Note to you-Use images if needed, I have simply cropped and pasted here WHEN TO SUSPECT IMPACTION Ericson and Kurol14 found that radiographic supervision of maxillary canine eruption usually is not necessary before 10 years of age. Patients Younger than 10 Years of Age The clinician should suspect that palatal impaction may occur in the future if either of the following two situations exist: (1) There is a family history of palatally IMCs in particular, but also small, peg-shaped, or missing lateral incisors or other missing teeth; or (2) the patient has small, pegshaped, or missing lateral incisors. Patients Older than 10 Years of Age The clinician should suspect that impaction may have occurred if any of the following three findings of Ericson and Kurol exist. 1. Asymmetry in palpation or a pronounced difference in eruption of canines between the left and right side, ie, one canine is in a poor position and the other is in a favorable position; 2. The canines cannot be palpated and occlusal development is advanced suggesting an abnormal path of eruption, ie, both canines are in poor position; 3. The lateral incisor is proclined and tipped distally, which may indicate a labial impaction of the canine. Distal tipping alone was not associated with any eruption disturbance and may be the well-recognized “ugly duckling” stage of normal dental development. Using these criteria, Ericson and Kurolfound that 8% of children over the age of 10 years required a supplementary radiographic examination to determine whether the canine was impacted. This radiographic examination determined that only 1.5% of the canines were impacted. 3 CONCLUSIONS The PDC has shown a significant reciprocal association with SSI. Both PDCb and PDCu are significantly associated with bilateral small-sized upper lateral incisors. PDCu exhibited a significant association with AI. PDCb was significantly associated with aplasia of third molars. The concurrence of other dental anomalies with PDC,significant differences in sex distribution, and the high prevalence rate for PDCb confirm the genetic component in the etiology for this tooth disturbance, at least for its bilateral form. *Note to you-The short forms mentioned in conclusions are explained in this section , just check !