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PHONETIC DIFFERENCES OF AND ENGLISH Dauletova Niyara, Shagraeva Assel SHTK – 312 British English is the form of English used in the United Kingdom whereas American English is the form of English used in the United States. American English and British English are the two most popular language varieties that are learned by many English learners. Although there are many similarities between American and British English, some differences can be seen between American and British English in pronunciations, spellings, vocabularies and grammar. The common spelling differences between American and British English fall under the following categories. British English words ending in ‘our’ usually end in ‘or’ in American English: BRITISH colour flavour humour labour neighbour AMERICAN color flavor humor labor neighbor Difference Between American and British English in Spelling Verbs in British English that can be spelled with ‘ise’ at the end are always spelled with ‘ize’ at the end in American English: BRITISH apologise organise recognise AMERICAN apologize organize recognize Difference Between American and British English in Spelling Verbs in British English that end in ‘yse’ are always spelled ‘yze’ in American English: BRITISH analyse breathalyse paralyse AMERICAN analyze breathalyze paralyze Difference Between American and British English in Spelling Some nouns that end with ‘ence’ in British English are spelled ‘ense’ in American English: BRITISH defence licence offence pretence AMERICAN defense license offense pretense Difference Between American and British English in Spelling Some nouns that end with ‘ogue’ in British English end with ‘og’ in American English: BRITISH analogue catalogue dialogue AMERICAN analog catalog dialog Difference Between American and British English in Spelling Some nouns that end with ‘ogue’ in British English end with ‘og’ in American English: BRITISH analogue catalogue dialogue AMERICAN analog catalog dialog Difference Between American and British English in Spelling Tense In British English, the present perfect tense is used a lot more than in American English. Present perfect tense is used to describe a past event that has present consequences, but in American English, the simple past tense is normally used. For example: • "Robert feels sick, he has eaten too much" - British English • "Robert feels sick, he ate too much" - American English • "I have got to leave now" - British English • "I have to leave now" - American English • "I have already seen that movie"- British English • "I already saw that movie" - American English • "You've missed Sarah. She's just left." - British English • "You missed Sarah. She just left" - American English Difference Between American and British English in Grammar Informal Speech When the British would say "going to" for example, Americans may say "gonna" and this informal shortened word is becoming more popular with many English speakers. For example: • "Are you going to come later?" - British English • "Are you gonna come later?" - American English Difference Between American and British English in Grammar Verbs Some verbs that are regular in British English are irregular in American English. For example: • "She wet her hair before washing it" - British English • "She wetted her hair before washing it" - American English • "All the shoes fit in to the shelves" - British English • "All the shoes fitted in to the shelves" - American English Difference Between American and British English in Grammar Verbs With verbs of perception such as senses are used independently in American English whereas British English speakers will use 'can' or 'could'. For example: • "I could smell the flowers" - British English • "I smelled the flowers" - American English • "I could hear the birds outside" - British English • "I heard the birds outside" - American English • "I can see the beach" - British English • "I see the beach" - American English Difference Between American and British English in Grammar Collective Nouns When referring to groups of people, collective nouns are treated differently in American and British English. For example: • "The audience are very quiet" - British English • "The audience is very quiet" - American English • "The government are making a decision" - British English • "The government is making a decision"- American English Difference Between American and British English in Grammar In British English, many past simple verbs can end in 'ed' or in 't', but in American English the ending of 'ed' is normally preferred. For example: "She learnt to play the piano" - British English "She learned to play the piano" - American English "He always dreamt of being a footballer" - British English "He always dreamed of being a footballer" - American English Difference Between American and British English in Grammar Vocabulary is a major difference between American and British English. Some words have different meanings in American English and British English, for example: Closet In American English: A cabinet or wardrobe. In British English: Any small room. Rubber In American English: condom. In British English: eraser. Difference Between American and British English in Vocabulary The differences between such terms are usually indicated in dictionaries. There are also occasions where one term is preferred over the other in one variety, for example, the term ‘bonnet’ in British English is equivalent to ‘hood’ in American English. The following table gives some examples of such words. Difference Between American and British English in Vocabulary British English American Flat Apartment Taxi Cab Maize Corn Tin Can Boot Trunk Trainers Sneakers Trousers Pants Waistcoat West Lorry Truck Pavement Sidewalk Autumn Fall Caravan Trailer Difference Between American and British English in Vocabulary A difference in pronunciation can also be noted between American English and British English. Differences can be noted in stress, intonation, and accent. Moreover, American English is rhotic; the ‘r’ is pronounced at the end of a syllable or before a co nsonant. Here are some examples of differently pronounced words in American and British English. Word British English American English Advertisement Advertissment Advertizement Neither Nyther Neether Monarch Monak Monark Research Risearch Reesearch Lieutenant Leftenant Lootenant Zebra Zehbra Zeebra Difference Between American and British English in Pronunciation To hear some good examples of difference in pronunciation, click on this link and watch the YouTube video. https://youtu.be/2nAnT3PASak Difference Between American and British English in Pronunciation THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!!!