Download 8th grade rocks and minerals study guide

8TH Grade – Rocks and Minerals Study Guide
Vocab
Cleavage
Contact metamorphism
Crystal structure
Extrusive igneous rocks
Foliation
Fossil
Fracture
Hardness
Igneous rocks
Luster
Magma
Metamorphic rock
Mineral
Organic
Regional metamorphism
Rock cycle
Sedimentary rock
Streak
Texture
Study points/skills
 You will need to use the ESRT to identify rocks and minerals
 You will be asked to identify minerals found in types of rocks: use the individual rock charts
 You will be asked to look in the comments sections on the rocks and minerals charts
 Please review the rock cycle so that you can explain how rocks are formed:
Igneous-melting and cooling
Metamorphic – heat and pressure
Sedimentary – compaction and cementation
 Crystal minerals form from precipitation
 You will be given an example of a mineral test – use the information to determine which mineral was
tested
 Review luster: metallic and nonmetallic
 Slate is formed by the metamorphism of shale
 You will need to identify a rock based on characteristics: is it metamorphic, igneous or sedimentary
 Heat and pressure cause the bands you see in metamorphic rock
 The shape of a crystal is a result of the internal arrangement of atoms in the crystal
 Use the rock charts to compare types of rocks
 Use the metamorphic rock chart to identify the change in rocks as shale is subjected to increasing heat
and pressure
 Pumice rock is igneous and caused by cooling lava from a volcano
 Look at a diagram of exposed rock and tell which types of rock were laid down in order
 Use an isoline map to gather information
 Fine grained igneous rock comes from quick cooling at earth’s surface and large grained rocks come
from slow cooling beneath earth’s surface
 Mountains are formed by regional metamorphism