Download 4 Earth System - Kawameeh Middle School

By Gabriel Anurum
Earth
 Earth is a complex place ,
usually to understand
complex things people break
them down to understand it.
Scientist divide earth into 4
systems to help them
understand the planet better
Biosphere
 The earth system containing all living is the
biosphere.
 Living things can be found in the air, soil, and
water.
 The biosphere has no distant boundaries so in is
found in the other Earth systems.
Atmosphere
 The atmosphere is a mixture of gases the form layers




around earth.
The atmosphere is more dense closer to earths surface
than when away from it.
This is meant to keep in thermal energy from the sun that
bounces back from earths surface.
The atmosphere is made up of a mixture of oxygen,
nitrogen and other smaller amounts of gases.
water vapor, carbon dioxide, and methane
Gases
1
nitrogen
21
oxygen
78
other
gases
 The structure of the atmosphere does not change over a
period of time but the temperature does change.
 Different parts of the atmosphere absorb or bounce back
thermal energy from the sun.
 There are 5 layers of the atmosphere
 Troposphere-This is the layer we live in, gases here flow or
swirl around in this layer causing weather.
 Stratosphere- Unlike the troposphere the gases here do not
move around, but are stable. Within the stratosphere is a layer
of ozone, form of oxygen. It as like a shield that protects earths
surface from the harmful rays of the sun.
 Mesosphere- temperature decreases here also protects earth
from meteor showers.
 Thermosphere-temperature rises here
 Exosphere- the air molecules are have the lowest density
beyond this layer is outer space
Atmosphere layers
 This is the system that contains all earths water.
 79% of earth’s fresh water is frozen .
 Water is usually stored on earths surface or below
but can also be in the atmosphere and biosphere.
 The are in the form of ice found in glaciers and ice caps.
 Scientists call natural places where water is stores
reservoirs.
water.
 The reaming 20% is under ground also known as ground
water, water that is in the cracks and pores of beneath
earths surface.
 The largest reservoirs is the ocean 97% of earths
water comes from here.
 Most plants and animals that live on land,
including humans can not use salt water but
freshwater to survive
 Ice, lakes, and rivers hold about 80% of earth’s fresh
Geosphere
 Also known as the solid part of earth.
 This system is made up of rocks,mentals, and soil.
 There are 3 types of major types of rocks
 Igneous- a rock that is formed by the cooling of magma. This type
of rock is found mostly below earth surface.
 Sedimentary- a rock that is formed by weathering or when other
small particles of rocks or parts of the remains of an animal are
cemented together, and are found in valleys and streams.
 Metamorphic- a rock formed by extreme temperature and pressure.
 Structure of Geosphere Crust- brittle outer layer of the geosphere. It is found
under the continents and ocean crust.
 Mantle-the middle and largest layer in the geosphere the
rock here are denser and hotter than the ones in earths
crust.
 Outer and inner core- the center of the geoshphere,
unlike the other parts of the geoshphere the core is not
made out of rock but mental and small amounts of
nickel.
Trivia time!
Good luck
#1
 Where can living things be found?
Air
Water
Soil
#2
 Which layer in the atmosphere protects earth from the harmful rays
of the sun?
Stratosphere
#3
 Which system contains all earth’s water?
Hydrosphere
#4
 What type of water do living things that live on land need ?
Freshwater
#5
 What is the brittle outer layer of the geosphere?
Crust
#6 (critical thinking)
 What would happen to the biosphere if the atmosphere and hydrosphere did not exist
#7
 What causes weather in the troposphere?
The flow and
swirling of gases
#8
 Why is the atmosphere more dense closer to earths surface than when away
from it.
This is meant to keep in
thermal energy from the
sun that bounces back
from earths surface
#9
Exosphere
 Fill in the blanks
Thermosphere
Mesosphere
Stratosphere
Troposphere
#10
Gases
Fill in the graph
21
78
Oxygen
Nitrogen
Other
1