Download Ch. 25 Lesson 2

Ch. 25 Lesson 2
Common STIs
STDs
• The CDC reports that STDs account for
more than 85% of the most common
communicable diseases in the US
• The primary means of transmission of
STDs is sexual activity.
• Teens who choose abstinence from sexual
activity greatly reduce their risk of
contracting STDs.
Human Papillomavirus HPV
• Virus that causes genital
warts or asymptomatic
infections
• HPV is considered the
most common STD in the
US.
• Almost all cases of
cervical cancer are
caused by HPV
• HPV can cause cancers
of the penis and anus.
Genital Warts
• Are pink reddish
warts w/ cauliflowerlike tops that appear
on the genitals and
throat
• Are highly contagious
and are spread by
any form of sexual
contact
Chlamydia
• Is a bacterial infection
that affects the
reproductive organs
• 40% of cases are
reported in teens 15
to 19 yrs old
• It’s asymptomatic
• Males may
experience discharge
from the penis and
burning upon
urination
• Females may
experience vaginal
discharge, burning
urination or
abdominal pain
Chlamydia cont.
• Untreated can lead to
infertility
• Untreated females
can also develop
(PID) pelvic
inflammatory disease
Genital Herpes
• Caused by the herpes simplex. There are
two types…
• Type 1 usually caused by cold sores
• Type 2 caused by genital sores
• Both can infect the mouth and genitals
• About 20% of the total adolescent
population is infected with the virus
Genital Herpes continued
• Most of those infected are
asymptomatic and are
not aware they have it.
• Most have blister-like
sores that occur
periodically
• Meds can relieve
symptoms, but cannot
cure
• Can be fatal for infants
who contract it from their
mothers
Gonorrhea
• A bacterial STD that usually affects
mucous membranes
• The highest rates of gonorrhea are found
in females from 15-19 yrs old and males
from 20-24 yrs old.
• Symptoms include a discharge from the
penis/vagina and painful urination
• Approximately 50% of females infected
have no symptoms
Gonorrhea continued
• Can lead to infertility
• Can spread to the
bloodstream and
cause permanent
damage to the joints.
• Females can pass the
infection to their
babies during
childbirth and contract
eye infections that
cause blindness.
Trichomoniasis
• Caused by microscopic protozoan that
results in infections of the vagina, uretha,
and bladder.
• About 5 million new cases every year
• Usually no symptoms occur, however the
disease may result in vaginitis-an
inflammation of the vagina with discharge,
odor, irritation, and itching
Syphilis
• An STD that attacks many parts of the
body and is caused by a small bacterium
called a spirochete.
• The first sign of the infection is a painless
reddish sore, called a chancre.
• If not treated it spreads to other parts of
the body.
Syphilis continued
• The disease can damage
internal organs (heart,
liver, nervous system,
and kidneys)
• If left untreated, the
person is at risk of
paralysis, convulsions,
and heart disease.
• An infant with syphilis
may have a damaged
nervous system and can
die from the effects.
Other Common STD’s
•
•
•
•
•
Chancroid (bacteria)
Bacterial Vaginosis
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Pubic lice
Seeking Treatment
• Being embarrassed should not stop a person
from seeking treatment from a private physician
or health clinic
• By law, information about these diseases is kept
confidential
• Only health care professionals can prescribe
treatment and antibiotics
• Ultimately it is the responsibility of any person
infected with an STD to notify anyone they have
had sexual contact with.
Lesson 2 Review Questions
1. Which STDs might not present
noticeable symptoms?
2. Analyze and explain the harmful effects
of two common STDs on fetuses and
infants.
3. Where can a person go for treatment of
an STD?
Review Questions continued…
4. Describe the symptoms of gonorrhea &
genital herpes for males and females>
5. Public policies enable health officials to
locate & contact sexual partners of people
who have been diagnosed with an STD.
How do these policies help with the
prevention and treatment of STDs?