Download Cupron Pillowcases and Eye Masks SAFETY

Cupron Ltd.
Ligad Center 2, 4 Hama`ayan St.,
Modiin 71700
P.O.B. 23311, 91233 Jerusalem
www.cupron.com
Tel: +972.8.3731000
Fax: +972. 8.9267115
Company no.: 511471930
Cupron Pillowcases and Eye Masks
SAFETY REPORTS
Safety of Copper
Copper is an essential trace element needed for the normal function of many tissues, including the
nervous system, immune system, heart, skin and for the formation of capillaries1 and for wound
healing.2 As a cofactor for at least 13 enzymes, copper drives a crucial array of chemical reactions
that underpin human health and development.3 The daily recommended intake of copper is 1-2 mg.4
Copper is extremely well metabolized by humans.5 Copper oxide (2 mg) is used in vitamins
supplements as a safe source of copper.6 Cupric oxide or cuprous oxide powder is used as a
copper source for sheep and cattle.7 Sheep receiving for 65 consecutive days 10 grams of cupric
oxide particles did not show any signs of clinical toxicity. 8 Doses of 2.5 grams of cupric oxide
powder can be used to prevent short periods of copper deficiency in sheep at pasture without risk of
adverse reactions.9 In cattle receiving a single 40 gram oral dose of copper oxide particles, no
biochemical evidence of toxicity was recorded. 10 Over-the-counter wound healing treatments
contain copper.11 The risk of dermal sensitivity to copper is considered extremely minimal. 12
Treatment with the 2 different ointments containing 0.4% cupric oxide or 20% metallic copper did
1
Uauy et al (1998) Essentiality of copper in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 67:952S-9S; Sen et al. (2002) Copperinduced vascular endothelial growth factor expression and wound healing. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol;
282:H1821-27; Philips et al. (2010) Stimulation of Cell Proliferation and Expression of
Matrixmetalloproteinase-1 and Interluekin-8 Genes in Dermal Fibroblasts by Copper. Connect Tissue Res. In
press.
2
Borkow G, Gabbay J. and Zatcoff R. (2008) Could chronic wounds not heal due to too low local copper
levels? Medical Hypotheses 70(3): 610-613.; Borkow et al. (2010) Molecular mechanisms of enhanced wound
healing by copper oxide impregnated dressings. Wound Repair and Regeneration. In press.
3
Uauy et al (1998) Essentiality of copper in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 67:952S-9S.
4
Trumbo P, Yates AA, Schlicker S, Poos M. (2001) Dietary reference intakes: vitamin A, vitamin K, arsenic,
boron, chromium, copper, iodine, iron, manganese, molybdenum, nickel, silicon, vanadium, and zinc. J Am
Diet Assoc. 101:294-301.
5
Uauy et al (1998) Essentiality of copper in humans. Am J Clin Nutr 67:952S-9S.
6
e.g. http://www.empr.com/vitaminsmineralssupplements/centrum/drug/5901
7
Suttle NF. (1987) Safety and effectiveness of cupric oxide particles for increasing liver copper stores in
cattle. Res.Vet.Sci. 42:224-7; Cavanagh NA, and Judson JG. (1994) Copper oxide powder as a copper
supplement for sheep. J.Trace Elem.Electrolytes Health Dis. 8:183-8.
8
Suttle NF. (1987) Safety and effectiveness of cupric oxide particles for increasing liver copper stores in
sheep. Res.Vet.Sci. 42:219-23.
9
Cavanagh NA, and Judson JG. (1994) Copper oxide powder as a copper supplement for sheep. J.Trace
Elem.Electrolytes Health Dis. 8:183-8.
10
Suttle NF. (1987) Safety and effectiveness of cupric oxide particles for increasing liver copper stores in
cattle. Res.Vet.Sci. 42:224-7.
11
Pereira CE, Felcman J. (1998) Correlation between five minerals and the healing effect of Brazilian
medicinal plants. Biol Trace Elem Res. 65:251-9;Schlemm et al. (1999) Medicinal yeast extracts. Cell Stress
Chaperones.4:171-6.
12
Hostynek JJ, and Maibach HI. (2003) Copper hypersensitivity: dermatologic aspects--an overview. Rev
Environ Health 18:153-83.
not cause toxic irritations to the skin.13 Today several cosmetic creams contain copper as their
active ingredient. Copper is considered safe to humans, as demonstrated by the widespread
(millions of women) and prolonged (more than 10 years by a single individual) use by women of
copper intrauterine devices14 and over-the-counter wound healing treatments containing
copper.15 In 1994 the US FDA approved a 10-year claim of efficacy and safety for the TCu380A
IUD.16
Cupron Pillowcase and Eye Masks - Safety
The following are extracts from 3 reports of double blind placebo controlled clinical trials with the
Cupron pillowcases and eye masks, which were conducted by independent laboratories.
13
Gorter, R. W., M. Butorac, and E. P. Cobian. 2004. Examination of the cutaneous absorption of copper after
the use of copper-containing ointments. Am.J.Ther. 11:453-458.
14
Hubacher et al (2001) Use of copper intrauterine devices and the risk of tubal infertility among nulligravid
women. N Engl J Med. 345:561-7; Anon. (2002) Copper IUDs, infection and infertility. Drug Ther Bull. 40:679; Bilian X. (2002) Intrauterine devices. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 16:155-68.
15
Pereira CE, and Felcman J. (1998) Correlation between five minerals and the healing effect of Brazilian
medicinal plants. Biol Trace Elem Res. 65:251-259; Schlemm et al. (1999) Medicinal yeast extracts. Cell
Stress Chaperones. 1999;4:171-6.
16
Bilian X. (2002) Intrauterine devices. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol. 16(2):155-68; Cheng D. (2000)
The intrauterine device: still misunderstood after all these years. South Med J.93(9):859-64; Hubacher D et
al., (2001) Use of copper intrauterine devices and the risk of tubal infertility among nulligravid women. N Engl
J Med. 345(8):561-7.
Report # 1
Report #2
Report # 3