Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download File - Mr. Schmitt Biology 12 AP
Document related concepts
no text concepts found
Transcript
Metabolism: Enzymes How do living systems control their metabolism? How do living systems carry out a wide variety of specific chemical reactions? Enzymes - Proteins and some RNA molecules "________________" - common nomenclature suffix for enzymes. Prefix: How? - Cause breaking/formation of particular atomic bonds to be more energetically favourable. - This work is - Induced Fit - The binding of a substrate to the active site induces the necessary conformational change of the enzyme to catalyze the reaction. Examples (for future reference!) - _______________________ Involved in minimizing mechanical stress on DNA during replication. Makes a temporary cut in the helix. - ________________________ - Attaches Co-factors – most enzymes require – Enzyme Regulation - Enzymatic function can be stimulated or inhibited by factors in the cell. Competitive Interactions vs Non-Competitive Interactions Allosteric Interactions – " _____________________" - Stimulate or inhibit enzyme activity by - - binding of an activator molecule can stabilize the enzyme in an active conformation. - binding of an inhibitor molecule can stabilize the enzyme in an inactive conformation. - Binding of a substrate molecule to an active subunit of an enzyme can also trigger - Organization: Compartmentalization – Localization of specific enzymes (and the reactions they mediate) within compartments of the cell allow for more control over where and when particular metabolic reactions occur in eukaryotes. Environmental Influence - Like all proteins, - There are 3 major environmental conditions that effect enzyme structure and function. Feedback – many metabolites have regulatory effects on enzymes that catalyze the metabolic pathways that result in the production of those metabolites Make sure you can … …explain how enzymes function as catalysts. … explain the induced fit model of enzyme function. … provide examples of enzyme-catalyzed reactions in biological systems. … explain the relationship between enzyme structure and function. … explain the major modes of regulation of enzyme activity.
