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Ancient
Egyptian
Art
Beginning Art History
Kleb Intermediate School
Miss McDaniel
Remember:
You will receive a
grade on your notes
for the presentation
as well as the test
grade.
Art History test:
Thursday, Nov 15th
Tutankhamun coffin
1352 BC
Ancient
Egyptian Art
Lesson
Objective
Ancient Egyptian art forms the basis for the artwork we
do today. They are the one of the first noted societies to
develop complex artwork. The art and architecture of this
long-lasting civilization still influence our arts in this day
and age.
• You will learn vocabulary important to this time period.
• You will learn about Egyptian art innovations and how they influence
modern art forms.
• You will view several pieces of Egyptian art and learn to identify the
Egyptian art characteristics.
Vocabulary for Test:
• Hieroglyphic
• Stele
• Pharaoh
• Papyrus
• Scribe
• Silt
• Polytheistic
Noted Ancient Egyptian Artist:
• Imhotep
Geography
• Located in the Nile river valley
• Civilization developed by about 3,000 BC
Geography
Protected from invaders by:
• mountains to the south
• vast deserts on both sides
• Mediterranean Sea to the north
Geography
This location kept Egypt separate
from the rest of the world, so the
Egyptians had a unique and
enduring style of life and art for
about 3,000 years.
Geography
Every year, the Nile
river flooded. When
the waters receded,
SILT (very rich soil)
was left behind
which richly fertilized
the crops, giving the
Ancient Egyptians
lots of income for
their efforts.
The Nile River provided them with
the means for great sources of
income through farming and local
trade. They had the time and money
to create lasting artwork.
Ancient Egyptian Art & Religion
Religion was the basis for most of the artwork
of Ancient Egypt.
They were POLYTHEISTIC –
They worshipped many gods
• Hieroglyphics in tombs depicted spells to guide the
departed soul to the afterlife.
• Cats were sacred in their religion, so their cats were
mummified.
• Great temples were built to honor the gods – of
which there were at least 115 – each in charge of a
different aspect of life.
People
Communities were
made up of:
• Hunters and fishermen
• Soldiers
• Slaves
• Priests
• Scribes
• Artists and craftsmen
• Farmers and herdsmen
Fishing Scene
Tomb of Kenamun
About 1430 BC
People
Artists, craftsmen and
scribes were honored
and admired.
A SCRIBE is a scholar
who could read and
write.
Scribes wrote on
papyrus.
PAPYRUS is a reed
pounded to make a
heavy type of paper.
Seated Scribe
Painted Limestone
About 2500 BC
People
The leader was called a
PHARAOH.
The PHARAOH was
believed to be half man,
half god.
The afterlife of the
pharaoh is an important
theme in ancient
Egyptian art.
King Tutankhamun
Today’s most well-known mummy was a young
Pharaoh known as King Tutankhamun. He was 19 years
old when he died, but he had been preparing for his
death since the time he first took the throne. His tomb
was the most intact tomb ever excavated, providing an
invaluable look at Ancient Egypt.
Modern scientists recently did a cat scan of the
mummy revealing even more details of life in Ancient
Egypt.
Video of preparation for CT Scan
Contributions
The Ancient
Egyptians:
• Made bricks
• Used sails on the water
• Used wheels on land
• Harnessed animals for work
• Trained donkeys to carry people
• Combined copper and tin to make bronze
• Forged tools from copper.
Egyptian Boat
Contributions
They also used
HIEROGLYPHICS.
• Hieroglyphics are an
early form of picture
writing.
Architecture
The greatest architectural achievements of the Ancient
Egyptians were the pyramids.
• Pyramids were built as tombs for the pharaohs.
• They contained the items that the Egyptians believed
that the Pharaoh would need in the afterlife.
• Much of the art that remains was preserved in the
pyramids.
Architecture
• The first pyramid was built for King Zoser. It was a “step
pyramid”. It was designed and built by an artist and architect
named IMHOTEP.
• Imhotep is the first artist whose name is recorded in history.
• This pyramid was built about 2600 BC.
Architecture
The three “great pyramids” are located at
Giza.
Each tomb houses ONE pharoah only.
The pyramid structure is still used in architecture
today.
Architecture
They are guarded by the Great Sphinx.
• The sphinx is carved from a rocky ledge.
• It was damaged by Muslim vandalism and sand and
wind.
Architecture
The ancient Egyptians also built
beautiful temples to honor the
gods.
Mummies
The pyramids and tombs contained the
mummified remains of the pharaohs.
The ancient Egyptians believed that the soul
(called the Ka) would need to use the body
in the afterlife, so the bodies were carefully
preserved. Many items in the tombs were
left there to be used by the Ka in the
afterlife.
Mummies
These are the mummified
remains of a pharaoh
named Ramses II.
Mummies
After embalming,
mummies were
carefully wrapped in
yards of linen
bandages.
Mummies
The ancient
Egyptians even
mummified
animals.
Sculpture
Painted relief sculpture lined the walls of
pyramids.
This is called a STELE.
• A stele is a carved upright stone slab used
as a monument.
Sculpture
This stele shows Ramses II slaying his enemies.
Sculpture
Notice that the sculptures are stiff, formal, and stylized.
Sculpture
Heads face forward, and
the left foot is slightly
ahead of the right. There
are no open spaces in the
stone that the figures are
carved from.
- This allows the figures to
stand without falling over.
The civilization of Ancient
Greece introduced
freestanding figures.
Sculpture
Artists used materials
found in the Nile river
valley. They were:
• Gold
• Turquoise
• Lapis Lazuli
• Red coral
• Glass
Sculpture
This gold mask
rested on the head
of the mummy of
King Tutankhaman.
Sculpture
Notice how Ramses
II faces forward. He
appears to be very
rigid. This is typical
of ancient Egyptian
sculpture.
Sculpture
Not all of their
artwork is like this
however; this
sculpture of Queen
Nefertiti is much
more relaxed and
graceful than most
ancient Egyptian
sculpture.
Painting
Ancient Egyptians followed a very strict
set of rules in their art. One of these
rules was to show the human body from
the most familiar or visible angle.
Painting
Again, the figures
appear to be rigid
and stylized.
Notice the left foot
and body posture.