Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download ecole doctorale des sciences de la vie et de la sante
Document related concepts
Transcript
UNIVERSITE BLAISE-PASCAL UNIVERSITE D’AUVERGNE ECOLE DOCTORALE DES SCIENCES DE LA VIE ET DE LA SANTE Laboratoire « Microorganismes : Génome & Environnement » LMGE, UMR CNRS 6023 CONFERENCE Aquatic viruses: manipulators of host metabolism and reservoir of new genes Hiroyuki OGATA Information Génomique et Structurale CNRS-UPR2589, Marseille Mercredi 26 Novembre 2008 14:15 h Amphi Enseignement Biologie Végétale, à côté du Bâtiment du LMGE (Biologie A, N° 4 sur le plan http://www.univ-bpclermont.fr/IMG/pdf/ubpplan-cezeaux.pdf) Contact : Télesphore SIME-NGANDO Complexe Scientifique des Cézeaux - 63177 AUBIERE Cedex - FRANCE Tél 33 (0) 4 73 40 78 36 Fax 33 (0) 4 73 40 76 70 [email protected] UNIVERSITE BLAISE-PASCAL UNIVERSITE D’AUVERGNE ECOLE DOCTORALE DES SCIENCES DE LA VIE ET DE LA SANTE Résumé de la Conférence Aquatic viruses: manipulators of host metabolism and reservoir of new genes Hiroyuki Ogata (IGS, CNRS-UPR2589, Marseille) Recent discoveries of several “host-like” genes in aquatic viruses begin to uncover a potentially large spectrum of viral strategies in host manipulation. In my talk, I’ll first present a couple of interesting such cases that we recently encountered: (1) The nblA, encoding light-harvesting antenna degradation enzyme, found in the Ma-LMM01 phage infecting the toxic cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, and (2) a series of sphingolipid biosynthesis enzyme genes found in Emiliania huxleyi viruses, very likely transferred from their eukaryotic host microalgae. Next, despite the possibly important role of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) in viral evolution, our bioinformatics results suggest that “host-to-virus” HGTs are not as frequent as often thought, leading to the idea that the virosphere is a huge reservoir of novel genes unique to viruses. Finally, I’ll present our new bioinformatics approach (“phylogenetic mapping”), which revealed the abundance of the giant Mimivirus families in oceanic environments, as a way to characterize the yet uncovered virosphere. References: 1. Ogata H, Claverie J.-M. How to infect a Mimivirus. Science 321, 1305-1306 (2008). 2. Monier A., Claverie J.-M., Ogata H. Taxonomic distribution of large DNA viruses in the sea. Genome Biol., 9, R106 (2008) 3. Yoshida T., Nagasaki K., Takashima Y., Shirai Y., Tomaru Y., Takao Y., Sakamoto S., Hiroishi S., Ogata H. Ma-LMM01 infecting toxic Microcystis aeruginosa illuminates diverse cyanophage genome strategies. J. Bacteriol., 190, 1762-1772 (2008). 4. Monier A., Claverie J.-M., Ogata H. Horizontal gene transfer and nucleotide compositional anomaly in large DNA viruses. BMC Genomics, 8, 456 (2007). 5. Ogata H., Claverie J.-M. Unique genes in giant viruses: regular substitution pattern and anomalously short size. Genome Res. 17, 1657-1664 (2007). Complexe Scientifique des Cézeaux - 63177 AUBIERE Cedex - FRANCE Tél 33 (0) 4 73 40 78 36 Fax 33 (0) 4 73 40 76 70 [email protected]
