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Name: _________________________________________ Date: ____________ Period: _______
Chapter 15 Quiz Review
1. Planetary orbits are shaped like ___ellipses____.
2. A triple beam balance is used to measure ___mass__.
3. The gravitational attraction between two objects increases if the distance ____decreases___.
4. __c__ The closer a planet is to the sun…
a. The small the angle of its axis
b. The greater the angle of its axis
c. The faster it travels around the sun
d. The slower it travels around the sun
5. __c__ The two factors that influence the amount of gravitational force between objects are…
a. Pressure and gravity
b. Mass and velocity
c. Mass and distance
d. Distance and gravity
6. __c__ Which of the following planets has the shortest period of revolution?
a. Mars
b. Earth
c. Mercury
d. Jupiter
7. __d__ The orbit of the moon around Earth is possible because of which property?
a. The speed of revolution of Earth around the sun
b. The speed of rotation of Earth on its axis
c. The strength of the magnetic field on Earth
d. The strength of the force of gravity on Earth
8. __d__ The spring scale measures force. Force is measured in units of…
a. Meters
b. Liters
c. Grams
d. Newtons
9. __a__ Which of these BEST describes the effect the sun’s gravity has on the movement of the
planets in the solar system?
a. Its holds planets in a particular orbit around the sun
b. It pulls some planets closer to each other and pushes others farther away
c. Its gives the initial push that makes planets revolve around the sun
d. It determines the direction in which planets rotate on their axis
10. __b__ Which of Kepler’s laws of motion does the illustration below represent?
a. Kepler’s 1st Law
b. Kepler’s 2nd Law
c. Kepler’s 3rd Law
d. Kepler’s 4th Law
11. __d__ 4 identical objects are shown below.
Which spheres attract each other with the LEAST amount of gravitational force?
a. 2&3
b. 1&2
c. 3&4
d. 1&4
12. How did Newton’s law of universal gravitation help explain the work of Johannes Kepler?
Kepler could describe planetary orbits, but he could not explain WHY planets stay in their
orbits. Newton’s law of gravitation explained why planets orbit the sun.
13. Describe Kepler’s 3 laws of motion in your own words. Describe how each law relates to either
the revolution, rotation, or orbit of a planetary body.
1) Planets revolve around the sun in an elliptical orbit
2) Planets move faster when they are closer to the sun and slower when they are farther
away
3) Explains the relationship between the period of a planets revolution and its semimajor
axis. Planets that are farther from the sun have a longer period of revolution.