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Chemistry Essential Question and Skills How do particles combine into new substances? What evidence can show how the physical and chemical properties of the substances change? 1. I can identify and create models that show the smallest component of an element is an atom. Draw an atom. (Nucleus, proton, neutron, proton) Identify the mass and how many protons an element has by looking at the Periodic Table. (atomic mass, atomic number) The smallest form of an element is an atom. Elements are made up of the same type of atom. 2. I can describe how the elements within the periodic table are organized by similar properties. When given a periodic table identify highly reactive metals, less reactive metals, highly reactive nonmetals and non reactive gases. (Alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, transition metals, metalloids, non metals, halogens, noble gases) State that the elements in the periodic tables are put into groups that have similar properties. 3. I can recognize how the particles in an element, molecule, compound, and mixture are different. If looking at a picture of the particles in a substance, choose whether it is an element, molecule, or mixture. Draw a picture of what the molecules of water, carbon dioxide and salt look like. 4. I can identify physical and chemical properties of the reactants and products of a reaction. Identify the physical properties of color, state of matter, boiling point, density, mass, volume, and temperature. Identify the chemical properties of flammability, pH, and reactivity. Recognize that in reactions the properties of substances change. Identify factors that can change physical properties (solutes, temperature, etc) Physical properties of the molecules in a substance change when energy is added or removed. (molecular motion and arrangement) Energy transfers in phase changes. (evaporation, melting, sublimation, condensation, freezing, deposition) 5. I can provide evidence to show if a reaction is a chemical or physical change. Identify evidence of a chemical change as: color change, temperature change, gas production, solid formation (precipitate), pH change. Recognize that when a chemical reaction occurs, the chemical properties of the substances change. 6. I can explain that when a reaction occurs that energy can be gained or released, but the amount of matter in the system stays the same. In a chemical reaction bonds are broken and formed. In a chemical reaction, the elements in the reactants are the same as the elements in the products. When bonds are broken, energy is released (exothermic) and when bonds are formed, energy is taken in (endothermic). The number of molecules is the same before and after a reaction.