Download The-Cardiovascular-System

Sport Btec Level 2.
P5 – Describe the structure and function of the
cardiovascular system and how it is affected
by exercise.
M4 – Explain the effects of exercise on the
Cardiovascular system and how it is affected
by exercise.
D3 – Analyse the effects of exercise on the
Cardiovascular system.
The Cardiovascular System is made up of three
components:
1. Heart
2. The Blood Vessels
3. The Blood
This system is the body’s main delivery and
transport system, where blood moves from
the heart and delivers oxygen and nutrients
to every part of the body. On return
removes waste products.
Task: Find a
picture of the
Heart and label
it correctly.
Superior vena cava
Aorta
Pulmonary artery
Pulmonary vein
Left atrium
Right atrium
Bicuspid valve
Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Left ventricle
Tricuspid valve
Inferior vena cava
Right ventricle
Septum
Blood Vessels
Non-elastic fibres
Arteries
Non-elastic fibres
Lumen
Muscle + elastic
fibres
Muscle + elastic
fibres
Non-elastic fibres
Veins
Lumen
Muscle + elastic
fibres
Capillaries
Arteries carry blood
away from the heart
and have a thick,
elastic, muscular
wall.
They stretch as blood
is pumped in and the
muscle wall contracts
to force blood along.
Veins have a
relatively thinner and
less muscular wall
than arteries. The
blood is under a
lower pressure than
in the arteries. They
carry blood back to
the heart.
Capillary walls are
one cell thick.
Exchange of nutrients
and respiratory gases
occurs across
their surface. This is
called diffusion.
Name
Plasma
Platelets
Red Blood Cells
White Blood Cells
Picture
Explain
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LqhvmUEd
OYY
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Blood Flow around the Body – Pulmonary
Circulation.
1. Blood leaves the right side of the heart via the pulmonary artery and
goes to the lungs where it is oxygenated.
Lungs
Pulmonary
artery
Pulmonary
vein
Heart
Body
2. It then travels
back to the left
side of the heart via
the pulmonary vein.
Blood Flow around the Body - Systemic
Circulation 3. The left side of the
Lungs
heart then pumps the
oxygenated blood
around the rest of the
body for use, via the
aorta.
Vena Cava
4. Once the oxygen
has been used, the
blood becomes
deoxygenated
and returns to
the right side
of the heart via
the vena cava.
Aorta
Heart
Body
Using the A3 worksheets provided you need to
label and describe the pathway of blood.
1. Use arrows to show the direction of blood
flow (Red for oxygenated blood and Blue for
deoxygenated).
2. Describe the pathway of blood both in the
Systemic Circulation and Pulmonary
Circulation.
If you have any outstanding work to complete then please continue
with that, if not complete the extension task set below.
What are the Short &
Long-term effects
of exercise on the
Cardiovascular
system??
Research ready for
next lesson.
Short-Term:
1.
2.
3.
Heart Rate increases – this increases due to the
demand in our body for oxygen to our working
muscles. Therefore we must increase our HR so
that out muscles don’t become tired.
Stroke Volume – this is the amount of blood
being pumped out of the heart during one beat.
As our muscles demand more oxygen the
amount of blood pumped out is increased.
Cardiac Output – the HR and SV increase
meaning the Cardiac Output increases this is
the amount of blood pumped from the left
ventricle in 1minute.
Long-Term:
1.
2.
Recovery Time – as we train and exercise more
and more our heart becomes stronger and
much more efficient. When we stop/finish
exercising our heart rate gradually decreases,
the fitter we are the quicker we will recover to
our resting HR.
Heart Size – Increases as we train and exercise
on a regular basis. If we train close to our Max
HR, gradually our Heart will increase in size and
strength. This increase will mean an improved
Cardiac Output and Stroke Volume.