Download 6 Week DCA – STUDY GUIDE 2012

6 Week DCA – STUDY GUIDE 2012
1) Name the two remaining types of evidence you might see happen during a chemical change?
a. _ production and release of a gas
c. may produce heat
b. _production of a precipitation
d. may produce light
2) Experimental Design
a. In an investigation, it is important to change only ONE variable at a time. Otherwise, you will not have
a fair test.
b. The one factor that you change on purpose is called the INDEPENDENT VARIABLE or is called the
manipulated variable.
c. The factor that is the measured response is called the DEPENDENT VARIABLE or is called the
responding variable.
d. The CONSTANTS (controls) are the factors that you prevent from changing, or keep the same, so you
will have a fair test.
e. You should be able to TEST a hypothesis.
f. On a graph which axis would be labeled with the independent variable?
X - AXIS
g. On a graph which axis would be labeled with the dependent variable?
Y - AXIS
3) List three physical changes involving water.
a. FREEZING
b. EVAPORATION (boiling)
c. MELTING, CONDENSATION
4.
An object must move when a force is applied for WORK to have been done.
5.
The work done on an object is the AMOUNT of the force applied and the distance moved.
6.
Regardless of whether you use a ramp or lift from the ground to move a box into a moving
van, the amount of WORK required is the same.
7.
The goal of a simple machine is to reduce the amount of _FORCE needed to move an object
9.
A student pushes against a tree with a force of 10 newtons (N). The tree does not move. What
is the amount of force exerted by the tree on the student?
10 NEWTONS
10.
Describe 3 examples of homeostasis.
Maintaining body temperature – sweat when hot, shiver when cold
Maintaining blood sugar level – when high release insulin to remove from blood and store
Vomiting to remove a toxin, Maintaining water balance – thirsty when need water, decrease
Urine output when dehydrated, increase urine output when to much water
11.
Complete the Chart below:
BODY SYSTEM
Skeletal
BASIC FUNCTION
Provide shape, structure, support,
produce red blood cells, store
minerals, protect organs
Digestive
Muscular
Breakdown of food into nutrients
the body can use
Provide strength, movement,
support
MAJOR ORGANS / PARTS
Bones, bone marrow,
ligaments, joints
Mouth, esophagus, stomach,
small intestine, large intestine,
pancreas, gall bladder, liver
Muscles, tendons
12.
List the levels of organization in the human body from largest to smallest.
Organism, organ systems, organs, tissues, cells
13.
How do our cells obtain energy to carry out life processes? Digestive system breaks food into particles small
Enough to enter cells whish use them for energy
Place a check mark in each box that applies to the substances listed.
Substance
FeO4
CO2
C2H4O
C10H13N5O4
NaCl
MgSO4
O2
C6H12O6
C4H5N3O
14.
Element
X
How do organic and inorganic compounds differ?
Inorganic do not.
Molecule
Compound
Organic
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Organic compounds contain carbon and hydrogen
Complete the Organic Compound Chart Below
Name of Compound
Carbohydrates
Elements
C H O
Used By Body For
ENERGY
Lipids
C H O
Proteins
C H O N
Nucleic Acid
C H O P
ENERGY STORAGE,
INSULATION, CELL
MEMBRANES
ENZYMES, CELL
STRUCTURES, HAIR/NAILS
GENES, DNA
Source(s)
SUGARS, STARCHES, FIBER
PASTA, BREAD, GRAINS
OILS, MEATS, MILK, CHEESE
MEAT, MILK, EGGS, BEANS,
NUTS
VEGGIES AND MEATS
Indicate if mechanical or chemical digestion (or both) is taking place by placing a check mark in the
appropriate column and explain.
Location
Mouth
Mechanical Chemical
Digestion
Digestion
X
X
Stomach
X
X
Small Intestine
X
X
Explanation
TEETH – MECHANICAL CUT INTO SMALL PIECES
SALIVA – CHEMICAL CHANGE STARCH TO SUGAR
PERISTALSIS – MECHANICLA CHURNS AND MIXES
PEPSIN / ACIDS – BREAKDOWN PROTEINS
PERISTALSIS – MECHANICLA CHURNS AND MIXES
BILE – MECHANICAL CUTS LIPIDS INTO SMALL
PIECES
PANCREATIC JUICES – CHEMICAL BREAKSDOWN,
CARBS, LIPIDS AND PROTEINS
NO DIGESTION – ONLY OBSORBTION OF WATER
AND DISSSOLVED NUTRIENTS AND COMPACTION
OF FECES
Large Intestine
Complete the following chart
Organ
Salivary Glands
Liver
Gall Bladder
Pancreas
Function
PRODUCES SALIVA THAT IS RELEASED INTO THE MOUTH
PRODUCES BILE TO CUT UP LARGE LIPID MOLECULES
STORES BILE THEN RELEASES IT INTO THE SMALL INTESTINE
PRODUCES PANCREATIC JUICES TO BREAKDOWN PROTEINS, CARBS, AND
LIPIDS
15.
Explain how the skeletal and muscular systems work together to allow you to move.
MUSCLES ARE
ATTACHED TO BONES BY TENDONS. MUSCLES PULL ON BONES TO MOVE THE BODY.
16.
Explain how your digestive system and muscular systems work together to breakdown large molecules into
small compounds your body can use. INVOLUNTARY MUSCULAR CONTRACTIONS CALLED
PERISTALSIS MOVE FOOD THROUGH THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM AND HELP WITH MECHANICAL
DIGESTION
17.
What is the function of tendons?
ATTACH MUSCLES TO BONES
18.
What is the function of ligaments?
ATTACH BONES TO BONES AT JOINTS
19.
20.
Explain the difference between voluntary and in voluntary muscle action. VOLUNTARY MUSCLES
SUCH AS SKELETAL MUSCLES ARE CONSCIOUSLY CONTROLED BY YOU. INVOLUNTARY
MUSCLES SUCH AS CARDIAC AND SMOOTH WORK AUTOMATICALLY WITHOUT YOU HAVING
TO THINK ABOUT IT.
Describe 2 examples where involuntary muscle action takes place in your body. YOUR HEART AND
DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
21.
Describe 2 examples of voluntary muscle actions.
LIFTING SOMETHING ETC.
WRITING IN YOUR ANSWERS, WALKING, RUNNING
22.
What is are skeletal joints and why do we need them in our bodies? JOINTS ARE WHERE TWO OR MORE
BONES MEET AND ARE HELD TOGETHER BY LIGAMENTS. THEY MAKE MOVEMENT EASIER AND
GIVEN US FLEXIBILITY
Complete the diagram below.
Answer Will Vary
Should Use Organs
From Digestive,
Skeletal, and
Muscular Systems
THIS IS JUST A GUIDE YOU SHOULD LOOK OVER YOUR
JOURNAL NOTES AND ANY GRADED PAPERS YOU HAVE
RECEIVED BACK FORM YOUR TEACHER – CHECK WITH YOUR
TEACHER IF YOU NEED TO COME IN FOR TUTORING