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GLOSSARY ACROPOLIS - ANAGNORISIS - ANTISTROPHE - APOLLO - ARTEMIS - ATHENE - DELPHI - DIONYSIUS DITHYRAMB EISOIDAI - EKKYKLEMA - EPISODOS EXODUS - FURIES - HAMARTIA HUBRIS KATHARSIS - KOMMOI - MECHANE - Elevated and walled section of Athens where the festival of Dionysius was held. The revelation of some fact not know before, or some person’s true identity. The second of three parts in the Greek choral ode. It is delivered as the Chorus circles back toward the orchestra, moving from left to right. The god of prophecy, reward, and punishment. Apollo was the son of Zeus and the most respected of the Greek gods. The twin sister of Apollo and the goddess of the heavens. Artemis was known to send plagues and sudden death— especially to women—without warning.. The goddess of power and wisdom. Athene was known as the protector of the Athenian state and was responsible for maintaining Greek law and order. The most sacred city in Greece, home of the holy Oracle of Apollo. Considered to be the geographical center of the Greek world. God of wine and fertility; proprietor of the theater. choral hymns to Dionysius “entrances” to performance space; the opposite of an exodus a cart inside the skene which could be suddenly rolled out to display the result of an event inside; e.g. murder of Agamemnon A section of spoken iambic verse separated by a stasimon. A choral recessional in Greek tragedy. It is the ritual departure song of the Chorus as it moves off the stage at the end of the play. The Eumenides, or “gracious ones,” who punished people for disobedience. The error, transgression or tragic flaw. Excessive pride A sense of relief brought on by the release of pent up emotions. A lyric exchange between the chorus and one or more of the characters in the play. A crane used to lift actors above the acting area; usually actors are playing gods here; hence the phrase deus ex machina ORACLES - ORCHESTRA PARADOS - PATHOS - PEREPETEIA - PROLOGUE - SKENE - SPHINX - STASIMON - STROPHE - THEBES - THESPIS - ZEUS - Priests or psychics believed to be in direct communication with the gods. The Greeks believed oracles were holy prophets, capable of predicting the future and also interpreting the past and the present. The most famous oracle was located at Delphi. the dancing area; chorus occupies this space The ceremonial entrance of the Chorus; it is also the first song chanted by the Chorus as it enters the theater and moves to the orchestra. The sense of pity or sorrow aroused by a particular element or scene in a literary work An action that turns out to have the opposite effect from the one its doer intended. It usually occurs in the next to last section of the play. Literally, “the speech before.” In Greek tragedy the prologue is the first passage of spoken dialogue before the entrance of the Chorus. building or tent at back of acting area; often painted for scenery A winged monster known in myth as “the strangler.” The Sphinx had a lion’s body and the head and breasts of a woman. Sitting on a rock outside the gates of Thebes, the Sphinx asked the same riddle of every passerby. Those who could not answer the riddle were strangled. when Oedipus solved the riddle of the Sphinx, she flung herself from the rock and was killed. The choral song chanted or sung by the Chorus in its ritual movement around the stage. Stasima alternate with passages of spoken dialogue are also found as choral odes between individual episodes of the tragedy. The first of three parts of the Greek choral ode. It is delivered as the Chorus circles from right to left in the orchestra; it comes before the antistrophe. The chief city of the province of Boeotia, reportedly founded by the hero Cadmus. Legend had it that Thebes was created when Amphion played his magic lyre and caused stones and rocks to move in place to form a city. Oedipus is a descendant of Cadmus An Athenian poet who first won the prize at the Dionysian Play festival. The husband of Hera, Zeus was the most powerful of all the Greek gods and was entrusted with ruling Mount Olympus.