Download 35.1 Chart KEY

KEY, 35.1 Plants homework assignment
Dr. Herrera-Estrella’s views on genetically modified crops (specifically, corn):
“Herrera-Estrella advocates for using genetic engineering to improve the lives of poor farmers in Mexico and other
developing countries” (Campbell Biology, p.736) for several reasons including:
 GMO crops to date have been shown to be safe for consumption and safe for the environment,
 GM corn would increase agricultural productivity of poor farmers (example, from 1 T of corn to 3 T per
acre),
 small scale, safe, experimental plantings are possible,
 if a transgene spreads into other corn varieties, that might not be a problem because the corn genome is
“already a mess” due to its transposable elements,
 addition of a single transgene is actually a much less dramatic change than that brought by the breeding of
teosinte into modern corn.
Chart, 35.1 Neil 9e
Organ
Parts/key structures
Usual function
Unusual function ex.
Root
Taproot system or
fibrous root system.
Root epidermal cells
put out thin root “hairs”
for absorption.
Anchors plant in
soil, absorbs
minerals and water,
often stores carbs.
Big storage roots of beets; prop
roots of coastal trees; air roots of
mangroves; buttress roots of big
tropical trees in wet soil; aerial roots
of strangler fig.
Stem
Nodes (where leaves
are attached) and
internodes; in the
upper angle (axil)
between stem and leaf
is an axillary (lateral)
bud; tip of stem is
apical (terminal) bud.
Usually cylindrical
structure that raises
and/or separates
leaves to maximize
photosynthesis; also
raises flowers/fruits
for dispersal
Horizontal stems just below the
surface (iris rhizome); vertical
underground shoots consisting
mostly of enlarged leaf bases for
food storage (onion bulb);
horizontal stolons for asexual
reproduction (strawberry runners);
enlarged ends of rhizomes or
stolons specialized for food storage
(potato tuber); photosynthesis
(cactus stems).
Leaf
Blade, often joined to
stem with a stalk called
a petiole. Blade may be
single, or divided into
leaflets.
Photosynthesis
Climbing (tendrils of pea plant);
discouraging herbivores (cactus
spines); water storage (succulents);
asexual reproduction (Kalanchoe
plantlets); helping attract
pollinators (“petals” of poinsettia).