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1 SITE CODE ONE94 Palaeopathology PBR _____________________________________________________________________ Osteologist: Lynne Cowal Date: 15.11.2005 367 _____________________________________________________________________ Summary: Scurvy in a child approximately one year old. Context Skull: There is new bone growth sitting on the cortical bone surface of both exoccipital and the basi-occipital portions of the skull. All patches have a fine labyrinthine appearance and are covered in microporosity. Similar patches of bone can be seen on the supraoccipital bone and the left parietal. Both squamous portions of the temporal bones are covered in the same labyrinthine bone and fine porosity, which is particularly pronounced around the mastoid processes. The right and left greater wings of the sphenoid, both optical surfaces and the basi-sphenoid are covered in woven bone that is very porous and sitting on top of the cortical bone surface. The cortical bone surface of the mandible is badly damaged post-mortem however, there are thick plaque like deposits of new bone formation sitting on the cortical bone still present around the right and left portions of the mandibular corpus. This bone is fairly dense with fine striation and porosity. Arms: Both scapulae have some post-mortem damage to the cortical bone surface, however, there is fuzzy new bone growth in the supraspinatous fossae, down the scapulae spines and around the inferior rim of the scapular blade on both the anterior and posterior surfaces. Finely striated and porous bone on the posterior and medial mid-distal shaft of the right humerus and on the medial and anterior mid-distal shaft of the left humerus. Both bones have a lot of post-mortem cortical bone surface damage. Slight flaring of the distal radii, more pronounced in the left. Distal right radius is very striated, unclear whether this is the result of pathology or normal development and post-mortem damage. The left radius has labyrinthine new bone formation on the proximal two thirds of the diaphysis. Changes are visible around the circumference of the shaft. There is one plaque like deposit of new bone growth on the anterior mid-shaft of the bone. There is pronounced new bone formation on the proximal two thirds of the anterior and medial surfaces of the left ulna and on the proximal two thirds of the anterior and lateral surfaces of the right ulna. Both ulnae are affected by post-mortem degradation however, the new bone is finely striated, porous and sitting on the cortical bone surface. Torso: The ribs have a substantial amount of post-mortem damage to the cortical bone surface. However, some appear to have lesions. There are patches of demarcated bone on the second and third right ribs. Patches of new bone formation on most ribs with some porosity and striation. There is porous new bone formation on the posterior aspect of the left ilium. It is sitting on the cortical bone surface. Pathology Codes congenital infection joints trauma metabolic 521 endocrine neoplastic circulatory other 2 SITE CODE ONE94 Palaeopathology PBR _____________________________________________________________________ Osteologist: Lynne Cowal Date: 15.11.2005 367 _____________________________________________________________________ Context Legs: Fuzzy new bone formation on the mid third of the right femoral diaphysis. The bone is sitting on the cortical bone surface and very fine with microporosity. There is a plaque like deposit of new bone extending down the posterior surface of the left tibia. It is finely striated and porous. Pathology Codes congenital infection joints trauma metabolic 521 endocrine neoplastic circulatory other