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* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Structure and Function of Cells: State Objective 3.b. Outline #1 Name: ___________________________________________ What are Cells? o The cell _______________ states the following: o All _______________ things are composed of ____________________. o Cells are the ________________ units of ____________________ and ________________ in living things. o All cells are _______________________ from other cells. Two Types of Cells: o 1. ________________________ cells lack membrane-bound internal structures. Ex. _____________________ o 2. ________________________ cells contain membrane-bound structures Ex. _____________________ cells (plant and animal cells) Tour of Eukaryotic Cells: o ______________________ - Rigid layer that _________________________ the cells of ______________________ and some other organisms(_______________________) It helps _________________________ and __________________________. Made of strong material called _____________________________. o ______________________ - ________________________ the contents of the cell and helps control the materials that _________________ and ____________________. Allows _________________ and ___________________________ into the cell and _______________________________ out of the cell. Moving Material into & out of Cells: Cell membranes are _________________________________________. Two types: 1. __________________________ Transport allows materials to pass through the cell membrane ___________________ using ______________________. 2. __________________________ Transport ________________ the cell to use ________________________ by using transport proteins to move materials across the cell membrane. o _________________________ - A thick, clear, gel-like __________________ that ________________ the regions between the cell membrane and the organelles of Eukaryotic cells. o _________________________ - are tiny cell structures that carry out specific functions with-in the cell. o _________________________ - The nucleus is the cell’s _________________________ center, directing all of the cell’s activities. Contains ______________________ ______________________________ makes _______________________ which are small grain-shaped organelles that make ____________________________. o ________________________ - Known as the “_____________________________” of the cell because they convert ___________________ in food molecules to energy the cell can use to carry out its functions o ______________________________________ - The ER ____________________________ proteins and other materials throughout the cell. spots on this organelle are ____________________________, which produce proteins Similar to the system of _______________________________ in a building. o ____________________________________ - Receive ________________________ and other newly formed materials from the ER, __________________________ them, and _____________________________ them to other parts of the cell. o ____________________________ - Break down large food particles into __________________________________ ones ______________________________ down old cell parts so they can be reused (like the ______________________________ center) o _____________________________________ - Green structures typically found in ___________________________ cell to make food by ________________________________. _________________________________ Energy from sun-light and changes it to energy the cell needs to make _______________________________. o ____________________________ - Type of sac that _______________________ water, food, and other materials needed by the cell. Vacuoles in ____________________________ cell are _______________________________ than those in animal cells. Comparing Plant and Animal Cells: o Plant cells have a ___________________________________________ for more storage. o Plants have ____________________________________ for carrying out photosynthesis. o Plants have _____________________________________________ for shape & support. Compare a cell to a school. For each organelle, describe something in the school that would perform that same function. Include nucleus, mitochondria, chloroplast, endoplasmic reticulum, lysosomes, vacuole, cytoplasm, cell membrane, cell wall ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Cells Outline #2 Types of Cells: o Not all cells are the _______________________________ o Cells with different ________________________ perform different ______________________. o Both plants and animals have specialized cells that perform specific functions. Organization of Life: o _____________________- smallest basic unit of life o _____________________- a group of cells that perform a function o _____________________- a group of tissues o _____________________- a group of organs o Organism Types of Tissues: o ________________________ o ________________________ o ________________________ o ________________________ Epithelial Tissue: o Tissue that covers _____________________________________________________________ of an animal’s body o They may consist of _______________________ or _____________________________ layers. o Cells are packed ____________________________ together with little space between. o Classified by _____________________ and __________________________. o Examples: _____________________________________________________________________ o Draw a picture: Connective Tissue: o _________________________ and ___________________________ other tissues. o Cells are often spaced ________________________ apart. o Examples ___________________________________________________________________ o Draw a picture: Blood: o Tissue that carries __________________________, _____________________, removes _________________, and fights __________________________ o Made of ____________________ blood cells, ____________________ blood cells, and _________________________. o Red blood cells contain a protein called _________________________________ that attaches to oxygen molecules. Red Blood Cells: o Shaped like ____________________________________________. o Do ___________________ contain nuclei. o Most _________________________ cell in the body. o Draw a picture. White Blood Cells: o White blood cells can move in and out of blood vessels to fight infection. o ____________________ but _________________ in number than red blood cells. o Body can ___________________________ production when an infection occurs. o Draw a picture. Platelets: o Platelets are tiny, oval-shaped cells that help blood ______________________________. o Stick together when blood vessels ________________________. o Are ____________________________________ being replaced. o Draw a picture. Bone: o A _____________________ connective tissue made mostly of ______________________. o Provides ___________________ and _____________________, ______________________, and allow the body to move. o ______________________ bone- hard, strong outer covering. o ______________________ bone- mesh-like center of bones that contains _________________. o Draw a picture. Adipose Tissue: o A loose connective tissue also called ________________. o Stores __________________, cushions and _______________________ the body. o Found beneath the skin and _____________________________________________. o Draw a picture. Other Connective Tissues: o ____________________________ is a tough, flexible tissue that covers the ends of bones. o ______________________ are fibrous, slightly stretching tissues that connect bones at a joint. o _____________________________________ connect muscles to bones and allow movement. Muscle Tissue: o Tissues that ___________________ and ________________ to allow the body to move. o Three types: _________________________, __________________, ____________________ Skeletal attaches to ___________________. Skeletal muscle is __________________ and _________________ (striped). Smooth is found in ____________________________. Cardiac is found in the _________________________. o Draw a picture. Nervous Tissue: o _________________________ (nerve cells) are the basic unit of the nervous system. o Form the brain, spinal cord, and other nerves. o _______________________ the body and responds to _________________________. Parts of a Neuron: o ________________________________________________- contains nucleus o _________________________- carries messages from the cell o ________________________________________- receives messages from other cells. o Draw a picture.