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Technical Debt
What is debt (in a financial sense)?
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Technical Debt
What is debt (in a financial sense)?
• Principal, interest, payments,
compounding
What’s the basic idea of “technical debt”?
• Is “debt” (always? ever?) a bad thing?
• Is “debt” (always? ever?) a good
thing?
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Kinds of Technical
Debt
Unfit (bad) design
Defects
Insufficient test coverage
Excessive manual testing
Poor integration and release management
Lack of platform experience
Other kinds?
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Briefly, define each
kind
Types of Technical
Debt
How do the following types differ?
• Naive technical debt
• Unavoidable technical debt
• Strategic technical debt
Give an example of
each type
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Consequences of
Technical Debt
Unpredictable
tipping point
Decreased customer
satisfaction
Universal
frustration
(morale)
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Increased
delivery time
Significant #
of defects
Rising development
& support costs
UnderDecreased
performance predictability
Product
atrophy
Causes of
Technical Debt
False
“acceleration”
Deadline
pressure
Decreased
verification
Cumulative debt effects
(decreasing velocity)
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Managing
Technical Debt
Managing debt
accrual
Good technical
practices
Strong “done”
definition
Understanding of
debt economics
(delay vs repayment costs)
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Making debt
visible
Servicing the
debt
Managing
Technical Debt
Managing debt
accrual
Making debt
visible
Good technical
practices
Visibility at the
business level
Strong “done”
definition
Visibility at the
technical level
Understanding of
debt economics
(delay vs repayment costs)
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
(balance sheet)
(defects, PBIs, cards)
Servicing the
debt
Making Technical
Debt Visible
Technical Debt
Backlog?
Feature Backlog
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Managing
Technical Debt
Managing debt
accrual
Good technical
practices
Strong “done”
definition
Understanding of
debt economics
(delay vs repayment costs)
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Making debt
visible
Servicing the
debt
Managing
Technical Debt
Managing debt
accrual
Good technical
practices
Making debt
visible
Servicing the
debt
Visibility at the
business level
Deciding whether
to repay
(balance sheet)
Strong “done”
definition
Visibility at the
technical level
Understanding of
debt economics
Technical Debt
Items in Product
Backlog?
(delay vs repayment costs)
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
(defects, PBIs, cards)
Repay when
found,
incrementally,
high-interest first
Repay while
producing value
(avoid balloon payments)
Servicing Technical
Debt
Sprint PBI’s/Activites
Copyright © 2012 by Mark J. Sebern
Technical Debt
Backlog
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