Download The Roots of War - Northwest ISD Moodle

From Neutrality to War
The Roots of War
Late _______ and early _______ , Europe was unsettled with tension
1) _____________________ - intense pride in one’s own nation
– Italy/Germany unified as a _________ instead of a ______________
2) Militarism - glorification of _______________ and the ideals of ______ (build-up)
to _________ & _____________ colonies $ - remember the world turns due to $
large armies, navies competing for military strength (Whose is bigger?, 300%)
3) Entangled Alliances - intricate web of ___________ arose to _________acts of aggression.
1882 - Triple Alliance: ____________________________________________
1907 - Triple Entente: ____________________________________________
The “Spark” That Started the Great War
• Austria-Hungary ____________ Bosnia-Herzegovina
__________, small nation south, wanted a “______________” / Determined to make the world notice
• June 28, 1914
– Archduke _______________ & wife (Sophia) were sent on a ____________ tour to
“calm the people” of the empire
• _______________ - 7 assassins set out to kill the archduke
– During a parade through the city of ____________ , Archduke dodged first attempts to kill him
– Assassinated by 19 y.o. ____________________ a Serbian Nationalist.
The War Begins
• Aust-Hung Empire (allied with Germany) angered, issued an _______________
– ______________ all anti-Aust-Hung activities or ______________
• _____________ (allied with Serbia) gives their own ultimatum…
– What is the ultimatum…
• Jul 28, 1914
– Aust-Hungary declares war on ____________
• System of alliances (_____________________________) plunged Europe into war
• Germany demands Russia to stop ________________ and France to remain _____________
…Russia refuses and France honors alliance
• ___________marches through Belgium, ignoring 1839 treaty guaranteeing Belgium’s ________ status
• _________ , ____________ , _______________ declare war on Germany
• WWI officially begins ______________________________
The U.S. Declares Neutrality
• Same day the Great War begins, ___________ declares U.S. ______________
– Slippery slope…think of the population of America in 1914
– Many Americans could trace their heritage to ___________! They were immigrants!
– Think of where they were from…New Immigrants…_________ & __________ Europe
• Wilson asked all Americans to remain neutral
• “The [United States] must be ____________ in thought as well as in _____________.”
– Americans could not resist taking sides…think of our history
– ___________ b/c of heritage & ancestry ___________ b/c of their help in Rev. War
Quick Victory Eludes the Warring Nations
• All nations thought the war would end quickly (Home by _____________ !)
• By end of 1914, thousands of casualties / war turned into a Bloody Stalemate
The Horror of Trench Warfare
• Modern Weaponry: ________________________________________________
• Bloody, long-lasting battles / No land gained
• _______ miles of trenches built to protect from modern weaponry
• Long _______________ , followed by infantry attacks: “__________________________”
• Treacherous mud, very wet, rats / Trench foot = amputation
US Remains Neutral
• _______________ were horrified by the war
• French Foreign Legion
• U.S. “officially” remained neutral
– Wilson began growing unhappy with ____________ blockade of German ports.
– Violation of _________________ law
• Wilson begins to supply _____ , ________ , & war __________ to the Allies & continues for several years.
• Banks made billions of $ in selling of stocks, bonds, and other financial items
Unrestricted Submarine Warfare
• Protesting the ______________ of their ports, Germany responds…
– U-boat = __________________
• Germany had superior submarines
• Feb. 1915, Germany begins policy of ______________________________
• Any ______ entering/leaving Europe not supporting the __________ was fired upon
– The Sinking of the _____________ / May 1, 1915: NY to London
– Warning for ________________ in area, ignored by ship’s captain
– 790-foot ship, sank in _____ minutes
– 2,000 passengers, __________ died, ______ Americans, _____ children
– Secret cargo: ___________________________
• Wilson still campaigns for U.S. Neutrality
– American public ___________
– They want war…revenge!
• Wilson condemned Germany’s actions / Committed to keeping U.S. ____________
– “_____________________” slogan
The ___________________ Telegram
• Promise of “________________________________” / Mexico would regain lost territory
• U.S. Declares War on ________________/ April 2, 1917
• Wilson asked Congress for declaration of war against Germany
• “The world must be made _________________________________ … We are but one of the
champions of the rights of mankind”
Mobilizing for War
• _________________ for war / Wilson initiated the _____________
• Only ______________ soldiers / ____ million registered
• U.S. increased production of ___________________________ / Intense propaganda campaigns
• Espionage Act of 1917
The End of WWI
• Spring/Fall 1918 - American troops helped in decisive battles
– Battle of ___________________________
• ____ million troops battled ______________ over 200-mile front in France
• Germans overthrow Kaiser Wilhelm
• “_______________________________________”
– 11th hour-11th day-11th month
• _____ million soldiers killed
• _____ million soldiers wounded
– U.S. - _______________ wounded
– U.S. - ____________ killed