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MATHS4U Practice Question YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book PHYSICS 1. Water freezes inside a pipe, normally it expands by about 9% due to freezing. What would be the pressure increase inside the pipe? The bulk modulus of ice is 2.00 × 109 N/m2. (a)1.80 × 108 N/m2 (b) 3.60 × 108 N/m2 (c) 9 × 107 N/m2 (d) 7.2 × 108 N/m2. 2. The temperature of end A of a rod is maintained at 0oC. The temperature of end B is changing slowly such that the rod may be considered in steady state at all time and is given by TB = t; where is positive constant and t is time. Temperature of point C, at a distance x from end A, at any time is (a) xt 2 xt ( L x) x 2t t. (b) (c) (d) L L 2L 2L 3. A spring is kept pressed in between a block and a vertical wall. The block is pushed by a horizontal force on a smooth level ground so that it is in equilibrium. St1: The force exerted by the spring on the wall is equal and opposite to the force exerted by the spring on the block. St2: Every action has equal and opposite reaction. (a) St1: is true, St2: is true and St2: is correct explanation for st1 (b) St2: is true, St2: is true and St2: is NOT the correct explanation for St1. (c) St1: is true, St2: is false (d) St1: is false, St2: is true. 4. A rod of length l0, Young’s modulus Y and coefficient of thermal expansion is heated by temperature difference . By means of an external force, it is constrained to maintain length l0. The compressive stress in the rod is (a) Yl0 a (b) Yl0 2 2 (c) Y (d) Yl0 . 2 5. A Sphere of mass m is kept between two inclined wall, as shown in the figure, If the coefficient of friction between each wall and the sphere is zero, then the ratio of normal reaction (N1/N2) offered by the walls I and 2 on the sphere will be (a) tan (b) tan2 (c) 2 cos (d) cos 2 . 6. In the figure shown, the acceleration of wedge is (Neglect friction) (a) F F F (b) (c) zero (d) . M mM m MATHS4U Practice Question YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 7. Three equal weights of mass 2kg each are hanging by a string passing over a fixed pulley. The tension in the string (in N) connecting B and C is (a) 4g/3 (b) g/3 (c) 2g/3 (d) g/2. 8. An airplane flies from a town A to a town B when there is wind and takes a total time. T0 for a return trip. When there is a wind blowing in a direction from town A to town B, the plane’s time for a similar return trip Tw, would satisfy, (a) T0 < Tw (b) T0 > Tw (c) T0 = Tw (d) the result depends on the wind velocity between the towns. 9. A fuse wire made of lead has an area of cross – section A equal to 0.2 mm2. On short – circuiting, the current in the fuse wire reaches 30 amp. Approximately how long after the short – circuiting, will fuse begin to melt? For lead specific heat ‘S’ is 0.032 cal/gm/oC, melting point is 327oC, density ‘d’ is 11 g/cm3 and resistivity is 22 ×10-8 ohm – m. The initial temperature of wire is 27oC. Heat losses may be neglected. (a) 0.1s (b) 0.2s (c) 0.3s (d) 0.4s. 10. Two bodies P and Q have to move equal distance starting from rest P is accelerated with 2a for first half distance then its acceleration becomes a for last half, where as Q has acceleration a for first half and acceleration 2a for last half, then for whole journey. (a) Average speed of P is more than that of Q (b) Average speed of both will be same (c) Maximum speed during the journey is more for P (d) Maximum speed during the journey is more for Q. 11. A block of mass is kept on a rough inclined plane with coefficient of friction . The force required to just move the block up is (a) mg cos (b) mg sin (c) mg sin + + mg cos (d) mg sin - mg cos . 12. Three blocks are kept as shown in the figure. Acceleration of 20 kg. block with respect to ground. (a) 5 m/s2 (b) 2 m/s2 (c) 1 m/s2 (d) none. 13. The total energy of a black body radiation source is collected for five minutes and used to heat water. The temperature of the water increases from 10.0o C to 11.0oC. The absolute temperature of the black body is doubled and its surface area halved and the experiment repeated for the same time. Which of the following statements would be most nearly correct (a) The temperature of the water would increase from 10.0oC to a final temperature of 120C (b) the temperature of the water would increase from 10.0oC to a final temperature of 18oC. MATHS4U Practice Question YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book (c)The temperature of the water would increase from 10.0oC to a final temperature of 14oC (d) The temperature of the water would increase from 10.0o to a final temperature of 11oC. 14. A projectile is fired with a velocity u making an angle with the horizontal. What is the magnitude of change in velocity when it is at the highest point? (a) u cos (b) u (c) u sin (d) u cos - u. 15. Two similar cannon simultaneously fires two identical cannon balls at target 1 and 2 as shown in the figure. If the cannon balls have identical initial speeds, which of the following statements is true? (a) Target 2 is hit before target 1 (b) Target 1 is hit before target 2 (c) both are hit at the same time (d) information is insufficient. 16. The v – t graph for two particles P and Q are given in the figure. Consider the following statements. Then, which of the following statements is true for time t > t0. (a) Their relative velocity is non – zero but constant (b) Their relative velocity is continuously increasing (c) Their relative displacement is non – zero but constant (d) their relative acceleration continuously increases. 17. A boy on skateboard is coming down on a smooth incline. He throws a ball such that he catches it back what should be unit vector of the ball’s velocity relative to him (a) j (b) i j i j (c) (d) none. 2 2 2 2 18. Copper and aluminium wires have equal resistances and masses. Which of the two wires is longer and how many times? Densities of copper and Aluminium are 8.96 × 103 kg m-3 and 2.4 × 103 kg m-3. Their resistivities are 0.18 and 0.028 m respectively. (a) Aluminium wire is nearly 8 times longer than copper (b) Copper wire is nearly 5 times longer than aluminium (c) Aluminium wire is nearly 5 times longer than copper (d) Copper wire is nearly 4 times longer than aluminium. MATHS4U YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Practice Question Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 19. In figure, infinite conducting rings each having current i in the direction shown are placed concentrically in the same plane as shown in the figure. The radius of rings are r, 2r 22r, 23r….. . The magnetic field at the centre of rings will be (a) zero (b) 0i i i (c) 0 (d) 0 . r 2r 3r 20. A current is flowing through the loop. The direction of the current and the shape of the loop are as shown in the figure. The magnetic field at the centre of the loop is (a) MA = R, MB = 2R, angle DMA = 90o) (a) of the paper (c) 7 0i 5 0i , but out of the plane of the paper (b) , but out of the plane 16 R 16 R 7 0i 5 0i , but into the plane of the paper (d) , but into the plane of the paper. 16 R 16 R 21. The potential difference across AB is 5V. The voltage of ideal battery is (a) 40 V (b) 15V (c) 30 V (d) 10 V. 22. A proton (mass m and charge +e) and an alpha particles (mass 4m and charge +2e) are projected with the same kinetic energy at right angles to a uniform magnetic field. Which one of the following statements will be true? (a) the alpha – particle will be bent in a circular path with a smaller radius than that of the proton. (b) the radius of the path of the alpha particle will be greater than that of the proton (c) the alpha particle and the proton will be bent in a circular path with the same radius (d) the alpha particle and the proton will go through the field a straight line. MATHS4U Practice Question Time – 3 hrs YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 23. Two identical bodies are made of a material for which the heat capacity increases with temperature. One of these is at a temperature of 100oC while the other one is at 0oC. If the two are brought into contact, then assuming no heat loss to the environment , the final temperature that they will reach is (a) 50oC (b) less than 50oC (c) more than 50oC (d) 0oC. 24. A mass spectrometer is a device that selects particles of a fixed mass. An ion with electric charge q > 0 and mass m starts at rest at a source S and is accelerated through a potential difference V. It passes through a hole into a region with a constant magnetic field B perpendicular to the plane as in the figure. The particle is deflected by the magnetic field and emerges through the hole in the bottom of the figure that is a distanced d from the hole at the top. What is the mass of the particle? (a) m 8qV qBd q2 B qB 2 d 2 m (b) (c) (d) . m m B2 8V 3Vd 3 8V 25. A particular with charge ‘q’ is travelling with velocity ‘v’ parallel to a wire with a uniform linear charge distribution per unit length. The wire also carries a current I as shown in the fig. The velocity with which particle travels in a straight line parallel to the wire at a distance ‘r’ away is (a) 2 (b) (c) (d) . 2 IC 2 I I I 26. For the following situation of (a) and (b), current is same. St1: In case of figure (a) and (b) .d for two loops shown will be different. St2: In case of figure (a) and (b) magnitude of magnetic field at similar points on amperian loop may be different. (a) St1: is true, St2: is true and St2: is correct explanation for St1 (b) St1: is true, St2: is true and St2: is NOT the correct explanation for St1. (c) St1: is true, St2: is false (d) St1: is false, St2: is true. MATHS4U Practice Question YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 27. Figure shows a mater bridge. If there is no current through galvanometer then 1 is equal to (a) 200/3 cm (b) 100/3 cm (c) 50 cm (d) 25 cm. 28. Find equivalent resistance of the network between A and B (a) 216 225 726 385 (b) (c) (d) . 305 193 731 503 29. The wire of the potentiometer has resistance 4 ohms and length 80 cm. It is connected to a cell of e.m.f.2 volts and internal resistance 1 ohm. If a cell of e.m.f. 1volts is balanced by it, the balancing length will be: (a) 40 cm (b) 50 cm (c) 60 cm (d) 70 cm. 30. Figure, shows how the potential energy V for two neighbouring atoms varies with their separation r. Which statement is correct? (a) the atoms are in equilibrium at separation OX (b) the slope of the curve at Z is related to Hooke’s law (c) the force between atoms is repulsive for separation less than OY (d) the force between atoms is repulsive for separation greater than OY. CHEMISTRY 31. From the graph given below, select the option which correctly matches the orbitals for which the radial probability distribution is given (a) A – 3p, B – 3d, C – 3s (b) A – 3s, B – 3d, C – 4p (c) A – 4p, B – 3d, C – 5f (d) A – 3p, B – 4d, C – 4p. MATHS4U YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Practice Question Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 1 32. The slope of ln K vs was found to be – 40 if ‘T’ is in Kelvin. The value of ln 160k will be: ( T represents T temperature coefficient at T Kelvin) (a) 1 1 (b) (c) 68 (d) 17. 17 68 33. For the reaction, 2SO2 + O2 2SO3 if rate of disappearance of O2 is 8 gm/sec., then rate of appearance of SO3 will be (a) 16 gm/sec (b) 4 gm/sec (c) 40 gm/sec (d) 10 gm/sec. 34. The correct order of atomic orbitals in terms of energy between 8s and 8p orbital are (a) 7d 6f (b) 5g 6f 7d (c) 6d 7f (d) 6h 5g 6f 7d. 35. Consider the following reaction 2A(g) 3B(g) + C(g). Starting with pure A having pressure 2atm initially, the total pressure is exactly doubled in 2hrs. The possible order of reaction is (a) zero (b) first (c) second (d) third. 36. In the acid catalysed hydrolysis of methoxy ethanoate the rate law is found to be (a) Rate = K [CH3 COOCH3] [H+]. Calculate the value of “K” in M-1 min-1 from the following titration data. [H+] = 0.1 M Time (min) Volume of T=0 NaOH required for 35 ml T = 6.93 min T= 60ml 85ml complete neutralization of small & equal volume of reaction mixture taken on out at different time interval (a)2 (b) 0.2 (c) 0.1 (d) 1. 37. If an electron at rest is accelerated by the potential different of 6 volts then the wavelength associated by the electron is (a) 25 × 10-10 (b)25 Å (c) 5 × 10-8 (c) 0.5 × 10-10 meter. 38. Consider the reaction A B. The concentration of both the reactants and the product varies exponentially with time. Which of the following figure correctly describes the change in concentration of reactants and products with time? MATHS4U Time – 3 hrs YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Practice Question Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book Z2 39. According to Bohr’s atomic theory, which of the following is/are correct: (i) Kinetic energy of electron 2 n (ii) The product of velocity of electron and principle quantum number ‘n’ Z 2 (iii) Frequency of revolution of electron in an orbit Z3 Z2 (iv) Coulombic force of attraction on the electron (a) I, III, IV (b) I, IV (c) II (d) I. n4 n3 40. A gaseous substance dissociates in a rigid vessel at constant temperature as shown P(g) Q(g) + R(g) the pressure at different is observed as shown. Calculate rate constant of the dissociation t = 0 min t.5 atm 2 atm 7/3 atm (a) t = 20 min t = 40 min ln 2 1 3 0.5 5 min 1 (b) ln min 1 (c) atm min 1 (d) atm min 1 . 20 20 2 2 120 41. Which of the following alkyl halides would be most likely to give a rearranged product under SNl conditions? 42. A compound that gives a positive iodoform test is (a) 1 – pentanol (b) 2 – pentanone (c) 3 – pentanone (d) 3 – pentanol. 43. The halides which will not give ppt, with AgNO3? 44. Pick an ether which cannot be prepared by direct Williamson’s synthesis (a) CH3 CH2CH2-O-CH2CH2CH3 (b)Ph-O-CH2CH3 (c)(CH3)3C-O-C2H5 (d) CH3CH=CH-O-CH=CH2. 45. What will be the final product when Ethyl benzene is treated with reagent listed below? (i)NBS, peroxide, heat (ii) alcoholic KOH, (iii) B2H6 (iv)H2O2, HOΘ . MATHS4U Practice Question YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 46. Which is most reactive nucleophilic aromatic substitution? 47. Select the correct product from the following P1 & P2 are respectively. 48. Time – 3 hrs MATHS4U Practice Question YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Time – 3 hrs Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 49. 50. 51. SO2 gas is passed through starch iodate solution in acidic medium and the resulting solution is (a) Salmon red coloured precipitate (b) Red comound of unknown composition (c) Brown colour (d)Deep blue solution. 52. KI is add in excess into Hg(NO3)2 solution, the observation is (a) Yellow ppt. of HgI2 (b) Scarlet red ppt. of HgI2 (c) Colourless solution of (HgI4]2- (d) none. 53. Unknown solution of salt ‘A’ k3[ Fe(CN )6 ] green ppt is obtained. Which of the following radicals will be confirmed (a) Ni2+ (b) Cu2+ (c) S2O32- (d) SO32-. 54. Compound ‘X’ is used in Bordeaux mixture. It has electrovalent, covalent, coordinate as well as ‘H’ – bond. In compound ‘X’ based on the nature of bond & interaction, the number of types of water molecules is (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4. 55. Which of the following compounds liberates the same basic has only on heating which is produced by heating a mixture of Zn and NaNO3 with NaOH? (a) (NH4)2CO3 (b) NH4NO3 (c) NH4NO2 (d) none. 56. Which of the following sulphides would dissolve in dilute HCI? (a) HgS (b) NiS (c) CoS (d)ZnS. 57. St1: Concentrated H2SO4 is not used during lab preparation HBr & HI. St2: Concentrated H2SO4 will oxidize Br- and I- into Br2 & I2 respectively. (a)St1: is true, St2:is true and St2: is correct explanation for St1 (b) St1: is true, St2:is true and St2:is NOT the correct explanation for st1 (c) St1: is true, St2: is false (d) St1: is false, St2: is true. 58. Which of the following would give yellow turbidity with dilute HCI? (a) S2- (b) S2O32- (c)CO32- (d) NO2-. 59. Borax bead test of salt (M) is performed, violet colour of the bead is obtained under oxidizing flame. What is the oxidation state of the cation present in salt (M)? (a) +7 (b) + 4 (c) + 2 (d) can’t be predicted. MATHS4U Time – 3 hrs YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Practice Question Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 60. Which of the following is incorrect option? CuI2 + KI → K3[CuI 4 ] (a)Oxidation state of central atom decreases complex during the formation of complex (b) Complex is tetrahedral (c)Hybridisation of the complex is sp3 (d) Hybridisation of the complex is dsp2. MATHEMATICS 61. If log x = 2 log (x + k) where x R+ and k is a positive real number then true set of values of k is 1 1 1 1 (a) 0, (b) 0, (c) 0, (d) 0, . 2 4 4 2 d 2x 62. equals (a) dy 2 1 1 3 d2y d 2 y dy d 2 y dy 2 (b) 2 (c) 2 dx dx dx dx dx 63. If the domain for the function f(x) = 2 3 d 2 y dy (d) 2 . dx dx 1 is (- , ), then which of the following best describes all x 2x c 2 possible values of c? (a) c > 1 (b) c = 1 (c) c < 1 (d) c 1. 64. Number of words can be formed with the letters of the word ‘PATALIPUTRA’ without changing the relative positions of vowels and consonents (a) 3000 (b) 3600 (c) 4200 (d) 4500. tan 1 x, | x | 1 65. The domain of the derivative of the function f(x) = 1 is (a) R – {0} (b) R – {1} (c) R – {-1} (| x | 1), | x | 1 2 (d) R – {-1, 1}. 66. The domain of the function f(x) = x2 is (a) (, 3) [2, ) (b) [2, 3) (c) [-2, 3) (3, ) x2 9 (d)(- , -3) (3, ). x3 1; 1 x x 1; x 1 67. At the point x = 1, the given function f(x) = is (a) Continuous and differentiable (b) Continuous and not differentiable (c) Discontinuous and differentiable (d) Discontinuous and not differentiable. 68. The value of ‘a’ for which 3x2 – 2 (a + 1)x + (a2 – 1) is always positive for any real x, is (a) (, 1) (2, ) (b) (, 1] [2, ) (c) [-1, 2) (d) (-1, 2). 69. Consider the series r2 + r4 + r6 + r8 + r10 + ….. .The third term is 16 times the fifth term. The sum of the series is (a) 1 1 1 4 (b) (c) (d) . 4 3 2 3 MATHS4U Time – 3 hrs YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Practice Question Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book 70. If the domain of function g(x) is (0, 1) then the domain of function y = g(2x) + g(kn |x|)is (a) (-1, 0) (b) (-1, -e/2) (c) (-e, -1) (d) (-e, 1). 71. If f’(x) = g(x) and g’(x) = -f(x) for all x and f(2) = 4 = f’(2) then f2(4) + g2(4) is (a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 32 (d) 64. 2x 1 where [.] denote the greatest integer function, is discontinuous at 2 72. The function f(x) = [x] cos (a) All x (b) No x (c) All integer points (d) x which is not an integer. 73. Let c be a real number such that lim f(x) = 5 and lim (x + c) f(x) = 3, then the value of c is equal to xc xc (a) 3/10 (b) 10/3 (c) 3/5 (d) 5/3. 74. If 3 , then 4 2cot 1 is equal to (a) 1 + cot (b) -1 - cot (c) 1 - cot (d) – 1 + cot . sin 2 75. If cot + tan = m and sec - cos = n, then which of the following is correct? (a) m(mn2)1/3 – n (nm2)1/3 = 1 (b) m((m2n)1/3 – n (mn2)1/3 = 1 (c) n(mn2)1/3 = m(nm2)1/3 = 1 (d) n(m2n)1/3 – m(mn2)1/3 = 1. 76. The value of sin-1 cos 4 5 19 (b) (c) (d) . is equal to (a) 3 6 3 3 6 77. Let f(x) = [x3 – 3], [x] = G.I.F. Then the number of points in the interval (1, 2) where function is discontinuous is (a) 5 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 3. 78. The value of tan 20o + 2 tan 50o – tan 70o is equal to (a) 1 (b) 0 (c) tan 50o (d) none. 79. If x = sin-1 (3t – 4t3) and y = cos-1 (1 t 2 ) then dy is equal to (a) 1/2 (b) 2/5 (c) 3/2 (d) 1/3. dx 1 sin x 1 cos x 1 tan x 80. If x > 0, then the value of expression 1 cos ec x 1 sec x 1 cot x 2010 1 1 2010 1 1 2011 2011 1 1 2012 2012 , is (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) none. 81. The set of point where f(x) = x differentiable is (a) (, 0) (0, ) (b) (, 1) (1, ) (c) (, ) 1 | x | (d) (0, ) . ( x c) 4 x 4 when x = 2 is (a) 16 (b) 32 (c) 8 (d) 64. c 0 c 82. The value of lim 83. If the function f(x) = x3 x 2 + e and g(x) = f-1(x), then the value of g’(1) is (a)1/2 (b) 1 (c) 3/2 (d) 2. MATHS4U Time – 3 hrs YOUR MATHS SEARCH ENDS HERE Practice Question Instructions to take test: 1.Appear test in 1 sitting. 2.Complete test in stipulated time. 3.Do not open any help book e(1/ x ) e( 1/ x ) x0 x 84. If f(x) = e(1/ x ) e( 1/ x ) then which of the following is true? (a) f is continuous and differentiable at 0, x0 every point (b) f is continuous at every point but is not (c) f is differentiable at every point (d) f is differentiable only at the origin. 85. Let P(x) = x3 – 6x2 + Bx + C has 1 + 5i as a zero and B, C are real numbers, then value of (B + C) is (a) -70 (b) 70 (c) 24 (d) 138. 1 2 x sin 86. Let f(x) = x 0 if x 0 and g(x) = sin x then which of the following is INCORRECT? (a)f(x) is if x 0 differentiable at x = 0 (b) f(x) is continuous at x = 0 (c) lim x 0 f ( x) f '( x) does not exist (d) lim does not exist. x 0 g '( x) g ( x) 87. If 0 < x < 1, then 1 x 2 [{x cos(cot 1 x) sin(cot 1 x)}2 1]1/2 (a) x 1 x 2 (b) x (c) x 1 x 2 (d) 1 x 2 . 88. The function f(x) = (x2 – 1) |x2 – 3x + 2| + cos (|x|) is not differentiable at (a)-1 (b) 0 (c) 1 (d) 2. 89. The value of x satisfying the equation 2(eln(x+3)) (lne(2x-3))= 9 8 7 1 ln(-6x+20) 7 9 e , is (a) 4 (b) (c) (d) . 2 4 4 8 4 x 2 16 x 16 m where m and are relatively prime natural numbers, then the sum of m and 2 2 3x 9 x 12 n 90. Given that L im x 2 n is equal to (a) 10 (b) 11 (c) 12 (d) 13. Answer 1.a 2.a 3.b 4.c 5.c 6.c 7.a 8.a 9.a 10.a 11.c 12.c 13.b 14.c 15.b 16.b 17.a 18.c 19.d 20.c 21.c 22.c 23.c 24.d 5.c 26.d 27.a 28.d 29.b 30.c 31.c 32.b 33.c 34.b 35.a 36.d 37.c 38.b 39.a 40.b 41.c 42.b 43.a 44.d 45.a 46.b 47.c 48.b 49.c 50.b 51.d 52.c 53.b 54.c 55.a 56.d 57.a 58.b 59.d 60.d 61.c 62.d 63.a 64.b 65.d 66.c 67.b 68.a 69.b 70.c 71.c 72.b 73.a 74.b 75.a 76.a 77.c 78.b 79.d 80.a 81.c 82.b 83.d 84.b 85.a 86.c 87.c 88.d 89.b 90.d