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UNIT 8
THE COLD WAR
UNIT DESCRIPTION:
This unit focuses on using historical thinking skills to examine the Cold War era and how it influenced United States
foreign policy decisions, domestic policies, and programs.
STUDENT UNDERSTANDINGS:
Students analyze the impact of United States domestic and foreign policies on Cold War events during the 1940s and
1950s and explain how these policies attempted to contain the spread of communism. Students cite evidence that
links domestic events and foreign policies of the 1960s and 1970s to escalating Cold War tensions. Students explain
how the leaders’ personalities, events, and policies of the 1980s combined to bring about an end to the Cold War.
GUIDING QUESTIONS:
1. Can students explain how United States foreign policies sought to contain Soviet power?
2. Can students analyze the impact of the domestic and foreign policies of the United States on Cold War events in the
1940s and 1950s?
3. Can students describe the origins and consequences of McCarthyism?
4. Can students explain how the “loss of China” in 1949 influenced U.S. foreign policy decisions?
5. Can students cite evidence that links domestic events and foreign policies of the 1960s and 1970s to escalating Cold
War tensions?
6. Can students explain how Cold War tensions escalated in the 1960s and 1970s?
7. Can students describe how events in the Middle East heightened Cold War tensions in the postwar world?
8. Can students describe how Cold War leaders, events, and policies brought about the end of the Cold War in the 1980s?
February 2013
(Test & Quiz Dates Approximate)
Monday
4
Tuesday
Wednesday
5
Start Unit 8
11
Black History
Program
12
Thursday
Friday
6
7
8
Biography # 5 Due
(Black History)
13
Interims Go Home
Unit 8 Quiz
14
15
Mardi Gras Holiday
18
25
19
20
21
22
26
Turn in Key
Concepts Chart
Biography # 6 Due
27
28
March 1
Unit 8 Quiz
4
Bell Work Due
Biography # 7 Due
6
Notebook Check
Unit 8 Test
Biography # 8 Due
13
5
11
12
3rd
7
8
Exam Review
14
15
No School for
Students
Quarter Exams
Unit 8 Grades:


Key Concepts Chart (50 pts.)
Class Activities (~100 points)


Bell Work # 15 – 30 (100 pts.)
Notebook Check (100 points)


Quizzes (100 points)
Test (100 points)
Name:
Key Concept
Containment
Marshall Plan
Truman Doctrine
Containment
Deterrence
Domino Theory
Brinkmanship
“Iron Curtain”
Speech
Truman Doctrine
Marshall Plan
Berlin Airlift
NATO
Warsaw Pact
Korean War
Suez Crisis
Hour:
+
?
-
Explanation
The attempt of one nation to block another
nation from spreading its influence to other
nations.
In 1947, Secretary of State George Marshall
proposed an economic plan to rebuild
Europe after WWII.
The United States gave Greece and Turkey
over $400 million in aid to prevent the
spread of communism in Europe.
Extra Information
The United States attempts to stop the
spread of communism during the Cold War
era.
The nations that accepted United States aid
had to remove all trade barriers and agree to
cooperate economically with each other.
Following the war Great Britain originally
tried to send economic and military aid to
Greece and Turkey to prevent the spread of
communism.
Key Concept
Sputnik
The Second Red
Scare
Taft-Hartley Act
of 1947
Fair Deal
McCarthyism
MilitaryIndustrial
Complex
Space Race
U-2 incident
Bay of Pigs
invasion
Cuban Missile
Crisis
Berlin Wall
Limited Test Ban
Treaty
Domino Theory
Vietnam War
+
?
-
Explanation
Extra Information
Gulf of Tonkin
Resolution
Tet Offensive
My Lai Massacre
Vietnamization
Cambodia
War Powers Act
Silent Majority
Détente
Poland’s
Solidarity
movement
Strategic Defense
Initiative
IntermediateRange Nuclear
Forces Treaty
Strategic Arms
Reduction
Treaties
Glasnost
Perestroika
Tiananmen
Square
1
Types of Wars
Time: 1945-1990
Topic: Types of Wars
What is a cold war?
Give an example of United
States involvement in a cold
war and identify the opposing
superpower(s).
What is a warm war?
Give an example of United
States involvement in a warm
war and identify the opposing
superpower(s).
What is a hot war?
Give an example of United
States involvement in a hot
war and identify the opposing
superpower(s).
Write a short summary detailing the differences between a cold war, warm war, and a hot war. Provide examples
of United States involvement in the three different types of wars.
2
Communists vs. Nationalists Chinese Word Grid
Fought the Japanese in China during World War II
Mao Zedong’s
Communists
Chang Kai-shek’s
Nationalists
Yes
Yes
Ruled in northern China following World War II
Ruled in southern China following World War II
United States sent billions in aid during and after WWII
Soviet Union sent financial aid
United States policy favored this group after WWII
Promised land reform to Chinese peasants
Weak military leadership, corrupt, and abusive policies
Fled in exile to Taiwan in 1949
Truman was criticized for sending limited aid to this group
and for not containing the spread of communism in China
Role
Regional newspaper
reporter in May of 1949
Audience
Subscribers
Format
Newspaper
article
Topic
Chinese Communists
Takeover of China
The Korean Conflict
3
1.
Describe the relationship between Korea and Japan from 1910 to 1945.
2.
Explain what happened north and south of the 38th parallel when Japanese troops surrendered at the end of World War II.
3.
What is the 38th parallel and explain its importance?
4.
Explain what happened in 1948 concerning the division of this Asian nation.
5.
In 1950 the North Koreans invaded South Korea. Describe the reaction of the United States concerning this military action.
6.
Describe President Truman’s response to this aggressive action.
7.
Explain the United Nations Security Council’s response to North Korea’s invasion.
8.
Identify the commander of the United Nations and South Korean forces.
9.
Describe major troop movements and offensives that occurred from September 1950 to January 1951.
10. To stop a bloody stalemate, explain what General Douglas MacArthur proposed.
11. Explain Truman’s reaction to MacArthur’s proposal of invading China.
12. Explain MacArthur’s reaction to the response of President Truman and the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
13. Explain what happened to General MacArthur on April 11, 1951.
14. Describe the American public’s reaction to President Truman’s action and explain how the public reaction later changed.
15. In July of 1953 the armistice was signed that ended the Korean Conflict. Explain the provisions in the armistice.
16. Explain how the Korean Conflict impacted American life.
4
The Second Red Scare
Date: 1940s and 1950s
Explain why there was a
fear of communist influence
in the United States
following World War II.
Explain how the anticommunist hysteria spread
in the United States.
Describe examples of anticommunist hysteria in the
United States during the
Second Red Scare.
When did the anticommunist hysteria finally
die down?
Explain why the anticommunist hysteria finally
died out.
Date: 1940s and 1950s
House Committee on
Un-American Activities
(HUAC)
Second Red Scare
 The Communist Party in America claimed over 80,000 members.
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Second Red Scare at Home
 Congressional Committee that was created before World War II.
 Its purpose was to search out and investigate communist influence inside and outside


McCarthyism

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
Hollywood Ten
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Alger Hiss

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
Ethel & Julius Rosenberg
In 1945 information surfaced that Americans were providing confidential
government information to the Soviets.


of the United States government.
5
Truman’s Administration: Domestic Events
Domestic Event
Supporting Details
Strikes of 1946
 4.5 million workers went on strike over
low wages and high prices following the
World War II.
Republican
Congress
1946
Taft-Hartley Act,
1947
Fair Deal
Minimum Wage
Increase
Executive Order to
Desegregate the
Armed Forces
Executive Order to
Forbid Racial
Discrimination in
Federal
Employment
Federal Employee
Loyalty Program
Executive Order
Election of 1948
 For the first time since 1928, the
Republicans won both the House and
Senate.
 It curbs the power of unions, prohibits
closed shops and strikes by federal
employees.
Additional Information
President Truman had the federal
government seize the mines in which
workers were striking and threatened to
take over the railroads that were involved
in the strikes.
Congress used their majority to override
several vetoes issued by Truman.
 Officially known as the LaborManagement Relations Act
 President Truman vetoed the TaftHartley Act. In 1947 Congress overrode
his veto.
6
Eisenhower and the Cold War
Before
1. Brinkmanship is the willingness of nations to go to the brink
of war.
Evidence:
Agree
Disagree
After
Agree
Before
2. In 1953 the U.S. CIA became in Iran over the issue of oil and
the fear of Soviet intervention in Iran.
Evidence:
Agree
Disagree
After
Agree
Before
3. In 1954 the CIA intervened in Guatemala over the dispersal
of American owned land and the fear of communists
sympathizers.
Evidence:
Agree
Disagree
Agree
Disagree
Agree
Agree
Disagree
Agree
Disagree
After
Agree
Before
The Soviet launching of Sputnik I resulted in the beginning of
the space race between the United States and the Soviet
Union.
Evidence:
Disagree
After
Before
5. The Eisenhower Doctrine declared that the United States
would defend Middle East nations from the attack of a
communist nation.
Evidence:
Disagree
After
Before
4. Eisenhower’s Domino Theory speech referred to the fall of
French Indochina to the communists and the threat of other
Southeast Asian nations falling to the communists.
Evidence:
Disagree
Disagree
After
6.
Agree
Disagree
Agree
Disagree
7
U-2 Incident
Use the following impression words to write a paragraph.
Impression Words: U-2, secret high altitude aircraft, flights over Soviet Union, cameras, weather mission, Soviet
missiles, plane shot down
Date: May 1960
What was the U-2?
Describe the capabilities of
the U-2.
Explain the purpose of the U2 flights over the Soviet
Union.
Explain what happened to
the U-2 and its pilot, Francis
Gary Powers on May 1, 1950.
What explanation did the
United States give for the
U-2’s being in Soviet Union
airspace?
Explain the Soviet Union’s
response to the United
States’ explanation for
violating their airspace.
Explain the effect of the U-2
Incident on Cold War
tensions between the Soviet
Union and the United States.
Topic: U-2 Incident