Download 西北农林科技大学生物化学练习题(一)

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西北农林科技大学生物化学练习题(一)
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西北农林科技西北农林科技大学生物化学练习题科技大学生物化学练习题（大学生物化学练
习题（一）
,
2 3 4 5
----
------------
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----
---------
----
--------------
----
----
---------
8 9 10 11 12
---. Coli
----
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----
----
----
----rRNA
----
----
----
DNA Pol I
----
----
----
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---------
2 3 4 5
2 3
N
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NDNA
NDNA
N-15NDNA
.05
.0http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html7
ADP===ATP AMP [ADP] [AMP] [ATP] 1
3
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=T W,
=-0,05
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nm
nm
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NH2
,4-DNB-3
NH2
Sanger
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,
.6
.54nm,
.35nm,
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.
mol/L
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amino acid
(isoelectric point,pI)
(rare amino acid)
(nonprotein amino acid)
structure)
(configuration)
(conformation)
(protein primary structure)
(protein secondary
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(domain)
(protein tertiary structure)
(hydrogen http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlbond)
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(
(ionic bond)
(super-secondary structure)
(hydrophobic bond)
( van der Waals force)
(salting out)
(salting in)
(denaturation)
(renaturation)
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(precipitation)
electrophoresis
)
__________
___%
mg,
____%
_________
________2
________
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_________
__________.
______________________________3
nm
.76,pH7
_______
________
_________
___________
___________________________
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_______
________
___
______,
_______
_________
___
________
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_____
_______
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______
________
______________________
________
_________
________________
_________.
________________________________________ ____________
__________
____________________
________
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________
______
__________,
_______,
_____________
________
_________
___________
_______________
_______
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_______________
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_______________________________________
.0
.5
.0,
.0
_______
_______
________
=pI
_____
.19,
pK2 (
>pI
_______
(
COOH)
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NH 3 ) = 9.67,
pKR(R
)=http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html 4.25,
__________
_____
(26
000
000
000
_____________
.34_0
______.
.34%
________.
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_____
_____.
)
A2A
AC4A5A6ABCD7AC8A9AA
nm
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C
D
.6
.15nm.
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BAla
CGly
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DSer
EVal
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.35nm
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. A. CACACEAEAC(
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D
D
,B
)
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(
) 2(
) 3(
COOH
NH2
(
) 10(
(
) 12
) 11
) 4(
) 5(
) 6(
) 7(
) 8(
) 9
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(
) 13.(
) 14(
) 15(
) 16(
) 17(
) 18(
) 19(
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mol/L HCl
) 20(
) 21(
)22(
)23(
)24
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5
10
Ala-His-Thr-Tyr-Gly-Pro-Glu-Ala-Ala-Met-Cys-Lys-Try-Glu-Ala-Gln25
.
27Pro-Asp-Gly-Met-Glu-Cys-Ala-Phe-His-Arg
20
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H
H
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16
.25
3
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=ON=H
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlar0.54nm 3.60.15nm
,4-
SDS-PAGE
.22
672 66 687
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nm
.74,
nm
,
nm,
nm
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nm
D
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6
.6
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.54nm,
.15nm,
C
NH
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A
E
,
=O
;
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.35nm,
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.132nm
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,4-DNP-
DNP-N
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,
,
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-
.60.54nm,
.15nm.
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.35nm
.325nm
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;
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://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlarDNARNA
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cAMPcGMP
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=T-
,5
Crick
nm
.34nm
=T
-DNA
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nm
nm
nm
C
C =DNA
- 69.3
.44
C
C
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[]NA
AH2BH3H4
bp
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(
)
(mononucleotide)
bonds
ratio
(complementary base pairing)
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chromic effect
chromic effect
structure
temperature Tm
hybridization (cyclic nucleotide)
_____________
_____
______
____
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____
_____
_____
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_____
____C-C
______
________
__________
______
H
_______
_
___
___
___
C
___
__
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___
____RNADNADNA
_____RNA
_____
_____
__
_
_
__
_
__
__
_
_
__
__
___nm
_
______
______
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______
______
_____
_____mol/L
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22
___
____
_____
___http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html____
DNA
____
____
____
____
_____
________
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_____
______
_____
______
___
___
___
___
___
___
OH
___
___
______
_______
28DNA
____
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___
A2A3A4A5A67A8A9AC
A-R-P-P
A-P-P-P
R-A-P-P
D
BA-R-P-P-P
C
CmRNA
DSnRNA
BrRNA
`
Crick
:
C--29411
D
3
D2941
E3505
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BATCTp
DUAUAp
B
CtRNA
TPPPNmPNmP
APPPNmPNmP
GPPPNmPNmP
UPPPNmPNmP
DNA
nm
AA121314A
C
D
B
m7CPPPNmPNmP
D
E
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G
BC T
BUGC
CA T
CCGU
DG C
DUAC
G
D
.5
BGMP
CCMP
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DUMP
EA C
E
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B
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A
BH2BH2A
A
BH3A
B
A
BH3
A
BH4A
B
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`
T
/
C
DNADNA
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/OD280<1.8
/OD280
/OD280
OH
?DNA
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.5
.6
G/
C= 0.7
G/
C=
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234
G/
C=
T
/G
T
C= 0.7
/
C=
T
/
C=
.0
.165mol/L NaCl
.3
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mol/L
.0
.http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html0cm
nm
= 15400
= 11700 A260 = 7500 A260 = 9900 A260 = 9200
/L AMP
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.5
/L CMP
.0mol/L UMP
/L AMP
/L UMP
(5) A260 = 0.325
(
/
.0)(6) A260 = 0.090
(
/
.0)
.4109
.2
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.5
.5
.4
.
1.
2.
2.
(mononucleotide)
bonds
.
ratio
T
3.
/G C
.
4.
(complementary base pairing)
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlpar
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.
5.
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6.
6.
:
.
7.
.
8.
.
9.
chromic effect
nm
.
10.
chromic effect
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nm
nm
%~40%,
.
11.
12.
12.
structure
.
13.
DNA
.
14.
hybridization
.
15.
(cyclic nucleotide)
OH
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OH
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.
5.
10.
1.
6.
.
3.
.
12.
3.4nm10
.
19.
15.
mRNAtRNA 16.
21.
.
Watson-Crick; 1953 2.
6.
7.
7.
11.
11.
13.
10.
2.
8.
13.
14.
4.
8.
4.
9.
14.
2’
21.
16.
17.
17.
18.
18.
20.
://doc.xuehai.net
://doc.xuehai.net
22.
%DNA
5.
9.
22.
23.
23.
24.
24.
25.
25.
19.
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.
26.
cAMPcGMP
.
27.
m7G28.
28.
G
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlparR-P-P-P
Crick
.34nm
nm/0.34nm
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`5`-6C
,5
GPPPNmP
nm
=T
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.5
,5
,5
,5
BH3
A
AH2B
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://doc.xuehhttp://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlai.net
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6789
`
/
C
T
C
DNA
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~25
,3
/OD280<1.8
/OD280
/OD280=1.8
/OD280=2.0
G5
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-OH
(2.5
/650)
.34 = 1.3 104nm = 13
/ 0.34 =1.9106/m
.34 nm = 30nm http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html=0.3m 3
.34 =106nm
.11m
(96000/120) 1
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= 76800
= 0.7
=
=AA
=C
=G
(A
G)/
C
= (A
G
G)/
G
/
C
= 1/0.7 =1.43
= T G = C
G = T C
G/T C= 1
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C= C G
T= T
A
/
T
/
C /
=
T
C
= 0.7
A
T
A
C
T
G C
= 2A
/2
C
= 0.7
nm
T
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C% = (Tm
.3)
.44
%
= (89.3-69.3) × 2.44 ×% =48.8%
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:/http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html/doc.xuehai.net
G = C = 24.4%
(A
T)% = 1 48.8% =51.2%
= T = 25.6%
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,5
Crick
nm
.34nm
=TGC
OH3
tRNA
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/L AMP
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=32×10-6 × 15400 = 0.493
.56.0http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html48
/L CMP
=47.5×10-6 × 7500 = 0.356
/L UMP
=6.0×10-6 × 9900 = 0.0594
/L AMP
/L UMP
=32×10-6 × 9900
48×10-6 × 15400 = 0.493 = 1.056
.325/11700 = 2.78 0.090/9200 = 9.78
-5mol/L
-6mol/L DNA
.4×109×0.34nm = 2.176×109 nm= 2.176m
.176m×1014 = 2.176×1011km
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.2
.176×1011/2.2×109 = 99
://doc.xuehai.net
://doc.xuehai.net
15
.5
CMP
pH3.5
-1.5
.46
-2
.16
.5
pH6
-2
pH8
-3
pH11.4 UMP
-0.95
-1.5
http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html
-1.5
>GMP>AMP>CMP
.0
.4
.5
>AMP>UMP>GMP
-2
-2
GMP
AMP
-2
-3
-1.5
-2
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.5
>AMP>UMP>GMP
Ser195
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specificity
group
enzyme oligomeric enzyme
system
inhibiton allosteric enzyme
enzyme
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compare energy
center
FAD
http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmladenine dinucleotide
adenine dinucleotide
CoA
acid
adenine dinucleotide phosphate
mononucleotide
A
carrier protein
carboxyl carrier proteinPLPpyridoxal phosphate
[S]
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://doc.xuehai.net
9
His-Lys-Asp-Phe-Glu-Ile-Arg-Glu-Tyr-Gly-Arg
.Alman
.1.1.1
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-
Burk
_________
_________
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____________
________________________
B2
__________
___________
__________
__________
________________________
___________________________________
____________
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___________________
___________________
___________
___________
_____________________
____________
________________
_______________
________
_________
____________________________________
____________
____________
____________
________________________
____________
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____________
://doc.xuehai.net
://doc.xuehai.net
1ACE2AD3AE4AD5AD6
____________
E
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[S]
文档下载 免费文档下载
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8AD9ADACAABCDA
%
[I]=Ki
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BCoQ
CPLP
DFH2
EFMN
B
C
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ADADAAAAD
CB7
BB6
E
BB6
E
http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html
BATP
C
CB7
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BFMN
E
[S]
SH
=610-6mol/L
=210-3mol/L
CFAD
DNAD
E
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[S]>>Km
[E]
g
mg
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CONH2
CONHCHhttp://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html3
D--D-
COOR2
[
]
-
mg
mL
mL
.2mg
.1mL
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~[S]
~V/[S]
[S]/V~[S]
[S] mmol/L
13.9
8.8
150 000
2.0
17.9
12.1
3.0
21.3
14.9
4.0
31.3
25.7
10.0
37.0
31.3
15.0
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mL
.2mg/mL
.0
-2mgKm
185
[S]=Km
=35mol/minVmax
/min
3
[S]=210 -5mo/LV=40mol/min
=http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html4
-5mol/L[S]
[I]
[S]=310-2mol/L
[I]=310-5mol/L
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[S]=1.010-6mol/L
[S]=1.010-1mol/L
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1322
[S]=2.010-3mol/L
[S]=2.010-6mol/L
min
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(
(
)FMN(
)FAD
(
)NAD
(
)NADP
()CoA()PLP(
)PMP(
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)FH2FH4)TPP
,000
,http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html000
000
=
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FAD
adenine dinucleotide
adenine dinucleotide
acid
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456789
adenine dinucleotide phosphate
mononucleotideCoA
A
carrier protein
carboxyl carrier proteinPLPpyridoxal phosphate
[E]
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[S]
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CHOH
<5%
/Km
/Vmax
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AMPCoA
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D
[S]
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.0~7.0
101112
%
[I]=Ki
E
B6
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789
SH
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[S]>>Km
=K3[E]
[E]
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-
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3
.Cech
S rRNA
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.Atman
P
P
.Cech
RNA
C
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=0.26.25mg/2mL=0.625mg/mL
=
/601ml/0.1mL
.625mg/mL=400U/mg
=0.625mg/mL1000mL=625mg =625mg400U/mg=2.5105U
V~[S]
=1/2Vmax
[S]
/V~1/[S]Km
/Vmax
/Km
3
~V/[S]Km
/Km-Km
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Km
[S]/V~[S]
/Vmax
~V/[S]
/V~1/[S]
mmol=1.25/150 000=4.010-5mmol
=3.010-2/18http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html5=1.610-4mmol
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~[S]
[S]=Km
=1/2Vmax
=235=70mol/min
=Vmax/(1 Km/[s]),
=(Vmax/V-1)[s]=1.510 -5mol/L
[S]>>Km,[I],
=Vmax=70mol/min
=Vmax/(1 [I]/Ki)=40mol/min
.0~7.0,
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CDEFG
O
energy
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0
=
E°
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20.92kJmol
.54kJmol
,3
3
e
O
4
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://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlarCO
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ADP
,3-
ATP
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ATP
,4-
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F1-ATP
F1-ATP
Mitchell
H
F1-ATP
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlF1
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AMPADPATP
ADP-AMP
.0
.0
.5
-
-
-
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H
(123456789
oxidation
chain
phosphorylation
/OP/O
level phosphorylation
charge
_http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html___________________________
__
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)
2
__________________________
_________
G0
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_____________________________________________
_________
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_________
_________
___________________________
/O
_____
_____
___________________________
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13141516
____________________________________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
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_________
_________
7.0
_________
_________://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlr
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
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__________________
_________
_________
_________
_________
S
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
_________
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_________
_________
_________
_________
Pi
_________
_________
_________
_________
__________________
_________
___http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html______
_________
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(
__________________
/O
.4~2.8
H
_________
_________
)
A2A3AC4A5
-ATP
CFADH2
2
3
D
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C
D
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AC6A78A9AAACACACA
,3-
.0
B2.5
C3.0
B
D
BFMN
DF0
C
C
D3.5
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http://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.html B11
C15
D17
B
/
/
D
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B
/
0.03V
/
0.077V
ABDAB
D
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H
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1
H
H
H
H
O
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H
-5-H
-P
-5
H
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-
-
(glycogenolysis) (lactate cycle) (allosteric regulation)
(aerobic oxidation) (glycogenolysis)
(glycolytic pathway)
(Q-enzyme) (fermentation)
://doc.xuehai.net
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9
(pentose phosphate pathway)
enzyme
nucleotide
diphosphate-glucose
diphosphate-glucose F-D-Pfructose-1,6-bisphosphate
-Pfructohttp://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlse-1-phosphate
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-Pglucose-1-phosphate
_________
______________
__________ ____________
_____________
___________
______________________
_________ATP
________
________________
_________
______
_______________
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_________
_______
_______
_________1112136141516171819202122
_______
________
__________
___________
_________
_________
_______
________
_______
_______
________________
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__
_____________
_________________
__________
___________
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlr
_______________
________________
_____________________________________________
___________
_______________
_______________
______________________________
_____________
______________
___________
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___________________________________
__________________________________
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242526
__________
___________
_________________________
-P
_____________________________
___________
_____________________
_____________
AC2AC3AC4AC5A6AC7AC8AC9ACACA
D
-
H2O ATP
B
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B24
C36
E
D
D
D38://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlar
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-
D1
-12ACA
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ABDAAAACA
/ADP
C
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-P
D-P
BF-6-P
D
C
-P
-P
BF-6-P
CF-D-P
D
-
D
B
D
ACACA
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B
DTPP
A
-
D
-
D
B9
C18
ENADP
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E25
BDD
-
ACA
P
-
-
-D
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-
-
://doc.xuehai.net
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A
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlar
B2
D
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E5
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CoASH
NAD
CO2
NAD
CoASH
NADH
CO2
3-
CO2
H2O
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ADP
Pi
2H
F-6-P
UDP
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3456789
TCA
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlrQ
6
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-
UDPG
ADPG
3F-D-P16--1-
F-1-P
-
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G-1-P
6PEP
-
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56789
3-
-
NADH -1
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-
G-1-P
-
A
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlparH
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H
DD
ATP
-
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-
-
://doc.xuehai.net
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19202122232412526
-
--
-
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B
-
B
-
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlpar
文档下载 免费文档下载
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/ADP
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19
CoASH
NAD
CO2
H
NAD
CoASH
S-CoA
NADH
3-
4-
CO2
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H2O
ADP
Pi
2H
F-6-P
UDP
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlr
O
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-4-
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H
-
H
H
TCA
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EMP-TCA
-
--
-ATP
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O
-ALA
,
,
://doc.xuehai.net/bf1e1d3a967cf950bcb41f56e.htmlrK
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NADH
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-
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-
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