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Chapter 4 The United States & Canada Section 1 From Sea to Shining Sea • The United States is located on the continent of _________________________. • North America • The United States stretches ____________ miles from coast to coast. • 2,807 • There are 48 states in the ______________ United States – What two states are missing? • Alaska • Hawaii The United States • The U.S. is the __________largest country in the world. • A: 4th • What countries are larger than the U.S. – Russia – Canada – China The United States • 5 Physical Regions of the United States • Coastal Plains • Atlantic Coastal Plains • Gulf Coastal Plains • Appalachian Mountains • Peidmont Plateau • Interior Plains • Central Lowlands • Great Plains • Mountains and Plateaus • Rocky Mountains • Continental Divide • Pacific Coast • Willamette Valley (Oregon) • Central Valley (California) • Cascade Mountains • Sierra Nevada Coastal Plains – Lowland that runs along the eastern and southeastern coasts of the United States. – Eastern Lowlands are called ATLANTIC COASTAL PLAINS – The southeastern lowlands are called the GULF COASTAL PLAINS because they run along the Gulf of Mexico. – The Gulf Coastal Plain is wider and has better soil than the Atlantic Coastal Plain. Coastal Plains –When large cities are clustered into a region such as those in the Atlantic Coastal Plains geographers call this a _______________________________. –A: megalopolis The Appalachian Mountains – West of the Atlantic Coastal Plains is a very hilly region known as the __________________. – A: Piedmont Plateau – These hills run into the APPALACHIAN MOUNTAINS. – The Appalachians rum from Alabama all the way into Canada in the East. The Appalachian Mountains – Did you know that the Appalachians are the oldest mountains on the continent? The highest peak on the Appalachians is Mount Mitchell in North Carolina reaching a height of 6,684 feet. – How do you think scientist can tell this fact? _________________________________________ ____. Interior Plains – When you have crossed the Appalachians moving westward, the next physical feature you will find is the INTERIOR PLAINS. – There are two parts to the INTERIOR PLAINS. – 1) East of the Mississippi River __________________ – A: Central Lowlands – 2) West of the Mississippi River – ________________ – A: Great Plains Interior Plains • The CENTRAL LOWLANDS consists of grassy hills, rolling flatlands, and thick forests. This is a farming area because the land is extremely fertile. – In the central lowlands you can also find the largest group of freshwater lakes in the world the ___________________________. – A: Great Lakes • Name them: _______________________, ______________________, ________________, _______________________, ____________________ A: HOMES Interior Plains – The GREAT PLAINS is a checkerboard pattern of grassy pastures and fields of grain. – The Great Plains are around 500 miles wide and stretch west to the Rocky Mountains, north into Canada, and south to the Mexican border. – What resources was the Great Plains a major source of in the 1800 hundreds? – A: Bread giving it the name the BREAD BASKET Mountains and Plateaus – ROCKY MOUNTAINS – begin in Alaska and run south into Mexico. – CONTINENTAL DIVIDE - a ridge that lies on the top of the Rocky Mountains which separates the rivers that will flow west into the Pacific Ocean and eastward toward the Mississippi river. – Name some rivers that flow west from the Continental Divide? ______________________, _______________________. Some that runs east ________________________, ______________________. The Pacific Coast – There are two other mountain ranges in the Pacific Coast region. The Cascade Range and the Sierra Nevada Ranges. – The Cascade Range reaches from Washington State south to California. The Sierra Nevada ranges along the California’s eastern side. – Does anyone know what Nevada means? _________________________________ – A: snow covered The Pacific Coast • West of the Pacific Ranges are two fertile valleys. • Willamette Valley ( Oregon) • Central Valley (California) • These valleys are both very rich in nutrients and therefore are able to produce abundant crops. Alaska – Alaska is the home to many mountain ranges. Part of one of these mountain ranges is the tallest mountain peak in North America ______________________________ which reaches 20,320 feet high. – A: Mt. McKinley – Most people in Alaska live in the southern coastal plain or in the Yukon River Valley. Hawaii – Hawaii consists of eight large islands and more than 120 smaller ones. – Hawaii was formed by _________________________ – A: Volcanoes – Some of the islands have _______________________ which formed from the skeletons of small animals. – A: Coral Reefs