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HEA D O F F IC E
L it ro n L a s e rs Ltd
8 Con su l Roa d
R u g by
Wa r w i c ksh i re C V 2 1 1 PB
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E s a l es @ l i t ro n . co. u k
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NORT H A MER I C A N OF F I CE
L it ro n L a s e rs N o rt h A m erica
24 49 A r n i c a D r i v e
B o ze m a n
M T 59715
USA
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T +1 (4 0 6) 5 2 2 7 5 6 6
F +1 (4 0 6) 5 2 2 7 5 67
E [email protected]
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Our policy is to improve the
design and specification of our
products. The details given in
this document are not to be
regarded as binding.
© 2010 Litron Lasers Ltd. Printed in England. PB 0109:4
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Lasers for PIV Applications
L a s e rs fo r PI V A pplic at io ns
Resonator Design
Th e Heart of th e Litron System
Litron offers an extensive range of flashlamp
laser output) the beam spatial profile often has
Stable Resonator
pumped and diode pumped PIV laser systems
significant structure to it. This phenomenon is
A stable resonator provides the most flexibility
preferred method is the use of a telescopic
with output energies of up to 1J per pulse and
typical of this resonator design and is a result of
in terms of output energy and repetition rate, as
resonator. In this configuration, an intra-cavity
repetition rates of up to 200Hz for flashlamp
the physics of the system making it unsuitable for
both parameters can be varied with minimal
telescope is used to reduce the beam diameter
systems and up to 20kHz for diode pumped
forming uniform light sheets.
effect upon the alignment of the system.
in the rear of the resonator. This makes the
In general, the output of such systems is
resonator appear longer, increasing the lower
multi-mode. With the addition of an intra-cavity
order mode volumes, leading to a superior output
aperture, a TEM00 output can easily be realised at
beam with very low divergence. With no optical
the expense of some of the overall energy.
adjustment at all, the laser can be varied over a
systems. All of the systems are twin head
devices, meaning that the PIV laser head contains
It is our philosophy to provide a laser system
two totally independent lasers. The range of PIV
that suits an application. A ‘one system fits all’
systems is based around both the ultra-compact
approach, as offered by most manufacturers, does
Nano series and the larger invar stabilised LPY
not allow the customer to optimise their process.
Gaussian Optics
maintaining a high quality, low divergence beam.
and LDY series. The overriding factor that sets
For applications such as PIV Litron has developed
In a Gaussian system, a graded reflectivity output
With slight adjustment to the telescope (a simple
Litron’s products apart is quality. This is evidenced
resonators that will yield extremely uniform light
mirror is used as part of a geometrically unstable
procedure) the full range of energies and repeti-
not only in the design and construction of the
sheets whose pulse to pulse structure remains
resonator. Such systems give a high energy single
tion rates from single pulse to the maximum can
product, but also in its performance.
extremely constant. These are all based around
transverse mode with a low beam divergence.
be achieved. For high energy TEM00 beams, an
The thermal lens formed by the laser rod is part
intra-cavity aperture can be fitted behind the
of the optical arrangement. Therefore,
telescope. Varying the sizes of these apertures
Gaussian systems work best at a constant aver-
allow output beams that are to within 15% of the
age input power (i.e. lamp energy and repetition
diffraction limit to about 3.5 times the
wide range of pulse energies and repetition rates,
our stable and stable - telescopic resonators.
In any imaging application the beam quality is
of paramount importance as this completely
determines the light sheet quality. By choosing a
1
suitable resonator configuration the output beam
Rear Mirror
Q-Switch
Nd:YAG Rod
Output Coupler
quality can be controlled to give a very smooth
2
spatial profile which remains homogeneous as it
Graded Reflectivity
Output Coupler
propagates through to the far field. Such
3
resonators are almost always of a stable or staRear Mirror
Aperture
Telescope
Q-Switch
Nd:YAG Rod
ble-telescopic configuration. Unstable Gaussiancoupled resonators are not in general ideal for
visualisation applications. These resonators
produce very good Gaussian spatial profiles with
low divergence in the far field, however, in the
Schematics showing
oscillator design.
1) Stable
2) Gaussian
3) Stable Telescopic
TEM00 resonators can also be
offered with the inclusion of an
intra-cavity aperture.
Output Coupler
frequency). As such, the laser is factory
diffraction limit. That is from an almost pure
set at one pulse repetition frequency
Gaussian TEM00 to full energy in a uniform spatial
and output energy. To increase flexibility,
profile, giving a high degree of control over light
Litron offers two options. The first
sheet characteristics.
option, the pulse repetition rate divider
allows the user to divide the set
Optical Attenuator
repetition rate by 2, 4, 8 or 16. This
Energy output can be controlled via the variable
works by allowing the flashlamp to pulse at a set
optical attenuator. The output energy of the laser
frequency, thus maintaining the same thermal
can be attenuated by the use of an extra-cavity
load on the laser rod, but only switching the
polariser and half wave plate, whilst maintaining
Pockels cell on the desired pulses (i.e. every other
the beam quality and divergence.
pulse for divide by two operation).
This also has the advantage that the pulse to
near to intermediate fields (within 10m of the
Telescopic Resonator
pulse stability is maintained even at very low
To obtain high energy, low divergence beams, the
output energies.
Co m p a c t Laser s fo r PI V A pplicat io ns
T h e N a no PI V Ser ies
NANO PIV FEATURES
Nano PIV
• Compact dual head design
• Dedicated PIV laser head
Nano L PIV
The construction of the Nano series of PIV laser
interface . All trigger and synchronisation signals
systems is extremely robust. They have been
are TTL compatible and each laser is controllable
developed as industrial tools that can be handled
entirely independently.
without worry of misalignment or damage. The
• Stable resonator design
• Telescopic versions for
low divergence
• Rugged for industrial
environments
PIV head is formed by an aluminium gauge-plate
All Nano laser heads have a verified electronic
onto which two standard Nano series heads are
intracavity safety shutter as standard, which
mounted. The output beams are combined by
ensures that the lasers cannot be started with the
dielectric polarisers and then frequency doubled,
shutter open – an important safety feature.
and if desired can be frequency tripled,
• 3rd and 4th harmonics
available for LIF and
dual colour PIV
• Rep. rates to 200Hz
• Energies up to 425mJ @ 532nm
Schematic showing the
Nano PIV laser harmonic
generation options.
Option 1
532nm
Output Only
Nano TRL PIV
quadrupled or quintupled. Many of the Nano PIV
The Nano L PIV range also includes high repetition
systems are powered by a single power supply
rate models giving energies of up to 50mJ per
unit, making the overall package both powerful
pulse at 100Hz from each laser using a power
and portable.
supply that is completely air cooled.
There are two twin power supplies available, the
The Nano T PIV range has been designed
LPU450-PIV and the LPU550- PIV, the latter
incorporating stable telescopic resonators, giving
allowing outputs of up to 200mJ at 532nm at
very low divergence output beams that allow
15Hz from each laser. The laser systems are
thinner light sheets to be formed than from
controlled via a remote controller or via RS232
conventional stable resonators.
Harmonic Generation Unit
1064nm
Beam Dump
2HG Unit
Option 2
Option 3
355nm/266nm
Output Only
532nm/355nm/266nm
Combined Output
For large area illumination, high energies are
achieved with the birefringence compensated
Nano TRL range which achieves output energies
3HG/4HG Unit
3HG/4HG Unit
Laser 2
Laser 1
532nm
Beam Dump
Optional
Attenuator
of up to 450mJ per pulse at 532nm, 10Hz.
The footprint of the head is an extremely compact
Laser 2
Laser 1
Laser 2
Laser 1
at 908mm x 270mm.
The N a no PI V S e ri e s S p e c i fi cat io ns
Model
Repetition Rate
per Laser Head (Hz)
Output Energy at 532nm
per Laser Head (1) (mJ)
Parameter
Pulse - Pulse Stability (±%)
Beam Diameter (mm)
Beam Divergence (mrad)
Pulse Length @ 1064nm (ns)
Pointing Stability (µrad)
Resonator Type
Lamp Life (pulses)
Timing Jitter (ns)
Services
Voltage (VAC)
Frequency (Hz)
Power
Ambient(2) (˚C)
Consumption (W)
Cooling
Power supply
Nano S
30-15 PIV
Nano S
30-30 PIV
Nano S
50-20 PIV
Nano S
65-15 PIV
Nano L
200-15 PIV
Nano L
145-15 PIV
Nano L
150-20 PIV
Nano L
50-50 PIV
Nano L
100-50 PIV
Nano L
50-100 PIV
Nano T
180-15 PIV
Nano T
135-15 PIV
Nano TRL 250-20 PIV
Nano TRL
325-15 PIV
0-15
0-30
0-20
0-15
0-15
0-15
0-20
0-50
0-50
0-100
15
15
20
15
30
2
3
~2.0
5-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
110-250
47-63
Single Phase 5-35
<350
Air
30
2
3
~2.0
5-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
110-250 47-63 Single Phase 5-35
<350
Air
50
2
4
~2.5
6-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
110-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<350
Air
65
2
4
~2.5
6-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
110-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<350
Air
200
145
150
50
100
50
180
135
250
2
6.5
~3
6-9
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
2
5
~3
6-9
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
2
6.5
~3
6-9
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
2
4
~2
5-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
2
4
~2
5-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
2
4
~2
5-8
<100
Stable
>5x107
<0.5
2
6.35
0.8
7-9
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
2
5
0.8
7-9
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
2
6.35
<1.5
5-7
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
110-250
47-63
Single Phase 5-35
<800
Air
110-250 47-63 Single Phase 5-35 <650
Air
110-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<800
Air
110-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<800
Air
220-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<2500
Air
220-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<2500
Air
110-250
47-63
Single Phase 5-35
<800
Air
110-250
47-63
Single Phase
5-35
<650
Air
220-250*
50-60**
Single Phase
5-35 <2500
Air
LPU450
LPU550
LPU450
LPU450
LPU550
LPU550
LPU550
LPU550
2xLPU1000
2xLPU1000
LPU550
LPU550
2 x LPU1000
Nano TRL 300-20 PIV
Nano TRL
425-10 PIV
Nano TRL
400-15 PIV
Nano TRL
400-20 PIV
20
10
15
20
325
300
425
400
400
2
8
<1.2
5-7
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
2
9.5
<1.0
5-7
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
2
9.5
<1.0
5-7
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
2
9.5
<1.0
5-7
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
2
9.5
<1.0
5-7
100
Telescopic
5x107
0.5
220-250*
220-250*
50-60**
50-60**
Single Phase
Single Phase
5-35
5-35
<2500
Air
Water
220-250*
50-60**
Single Phase 5-35
<2500
Air
220-250*
50-60**
Single Phase
5-35
<4500
Water
220-250*
50-60**
Single Phase
5-35
<5500
Water
2 x LPU1000
2 x LPU1000
19” Rack
19” Rack
19” Rack
(1) At maximum rep. rate.
(2) 0-80% non condensing atmosphere.
* 110VAC option requires autotransformer to be specified on order.
** 50 or 60Hz to be specified on order.
Nano L PIV Laser Head
Nano S PIV Laser Head
179
485
Nano T PIV Laser Head
208
81
93
93
43.5
720
208
580
LPU450 PSU
110
57
35.5
35.5
LPU550 PSU
LPU1000 PSU
908
270
50
50
30.5
Nano TRL PIV Laser Head
76
Rack-mount PSU
Remote Control Box
52.5
453
145
555
615
Ô
408
790
(16U)
252
408
252
502
238
ï
78
All dimensions shown in mm
700
ï
605
180
V i b rat i on & Shock Proof, Ultra Ruggedized
L a s e r for PI V A pplic at io ns in D emanding
E nv i ro nments
T h e B e rno ulli PI V Ser ies
MOBIUS™ - Microprocessor control and
is suited to operation in almost any environment.
monitoring of all laser parameters.
The new bernoulli™ PIV from Litron is the most
Standardised PSU – Mobius™ configures the PSU
advanced plug and play’ PIV laser system
to the laser head.
available today. It benefits from
Litron’s years of experience in this
• Ability to operate in all
orientations
field and the expertise gained
• Compact size
PIV laser manufacturer.
B-PIV 200-15
B-PIV 135-15
Wavelength (nm)
Pulse repetition rate (Hz)
Pulse energy @ 532nm (mJ)(1)
0-15
200
B-PIV 120-20
B-PIV 100-25
0-20
120
0-25
100
532nm
0-15
135
Pulse to pulse energy stability (%pk-pk)
<2
Pulse width (ns)(2)
≤10
Near field beam diameter (mm)
6.5
5
5
<3.5
Beam divergence (mrad)(3)
Shot to shot pointing stability (µrad)
<100
Far field beam overlap (µrad)
±100
Near field beam overlap (µm)
±100
Polarisation
Linearly polarised, vertical plane
Spectral Purity (%)
>99.5%
5
System requirements
Power input (VAC) 110-250 (50-60Hz)
Operating ambient (°C)
10 to 30
5 to 50
Storage ambient (°C) (4)
Coolant Deionised Water
External trigger
5V TTL
Standard umbilical length (m)
2.5
Rugged
• Motorised attenuator fitted as standard
Vibration and shock proof for use in rough environments.
Accurate internal pulse generator – No third
• High frequency options also
available
Fully sealed laser head – protection from dust
party timing equipment required.
System Data
Laser head warranty
24 Months
PSU warranty
24 Months
Flash lamp warranty
100 Million Shots/24 Months
IP67
Laser head sealing (5)
Laser PSU sealing
and moisture.
Ruggedized oscillator – fixed mirror design adds
Easy to Use
to oscillator alignment stability.
Auto start up and touch screen control.
LUCi™ remote interface -
Reliable
provides all functions at the touch
2 Year warranty includes Optics, PSU & Laser
of a button.
head.
Motorised attenuator fitted as
2 Year warranted alignment and overlap –
standard – 1000 step energy control.
All components locked into position in a separate
Alignment mode - sets attenuator to allow
compartment.
alignment of external optics.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
IP21
Per laser at maximum rep. rate.
High Frequency Options - 50Hz and 100Hz variants are also available.
At maximum energy 532nm (FWHM)
Full angle for 90% of the output energy.
All cooling water removed.
With suitable connector set as an option, not suitable for full immersion.
Laser Head
LPU550 Power Supply
OPTIONAL ADAPTOR PLATE
1.035" - 40 T HREADED HOLE
555
OK
L ASER
9.75
150
535.00
STOP
532nm OUTPUT
200
Portable
Ability to operate in all orientations.
120.00
• Fast connections & start -up
from being the World’s leading
Model
68
408
Compact size – strengthened and lightened
150.00
aluminium monolithic body.
Fast connections at the laser head and PSU –
LUCi Romote Controller
OK
L ASER
easy to transport and set-up.
252
101.50
48.50 TY P
• 2 year warranty
From wind tunnels to wind farms the bernoulli™
76.50
• Fully sealed laser head
Intelligent
150
75.00
• Vibration & shock proof
Bernoulli PIV Laser System.
131.50 T Y P
BERNOULLI PIV FEATURES
Th e Bern oulli P IV Series Specification s
STOP
200
68
55.00 TY P
263.00
4xM6x1 - 6H T HREAD 8.00
455.00 TY P
408
H i g h E nergy & High Repetition Rate
L a s e r s for PIV
T h e L P Y PI V Ser ies
LPY PIV FEATURES
• Dedicated PIV laser head
Th e LP Y P IV Series Specification s
LPY PIV
For higher energy systems or systems where very
The modular construction of the LPY series laser
low divergences are required Litron offers twin
heads allows for easy customisation of systems.
Model
Repetition Rate
per Laser Cavity (Hz)
Output Energy at 532nm
per laser head (mJ)
configurations of its invar stabilised LPY series.
• Frequencies up to 200Hz
• High pulse energies up to 1J
• True TEM00 output available
Output energies of up to 1J per pulse of 532nm at
Options include variable optical attenuation,
repetition rates of up to 20Hz are available as
line-narrowing etalons, injection seeding and
standard, as are outputs of 100mJ at 532nm
third, fourth and fifth harmonic outputs.
Parameter
Pulse Stability @ 532nm (±%)
Beam Diameter (mm)
Beam Divergence (mrad)
Pulse Length @ 532nm (ns)
Pointing Stability (µrad)
Lamp Life (pulses)
Timing Jitter (ns)
at 200Hz.
• Stable resonator design
• Telescopic versions for low divergence
• 3rd and 4th harmonics available for LIF and
dual colour PIV
• Low profile INVAR optical rail
LPY
706-20PIV
LPY
707-20PIV
20
300
20
400
30
200
15
325
15
425
<3
8
0.8
7-11
<70
5x107
<0.5
<3
9
~3
7-11
<70
5x107
<0.5
<3
6.5
0.8
7-11
<70
5x107
<0.5
<3
8
0.8
7-11
<70
5x107
<0.5
<3
9
~3
7-11
<70
5x107
<0.5
invar rail. This imparts both a large
Services
Voltage(1) (VAC)
Frequency(2) (Hz)
Power
Water Temp Max. (˚C)
Inlet Pressure (bar)
Cooling
degree of mechanical and thermal
Power Supply
stability to the system suiting
(1) 110VAC option requires autotransformer to be specified on order.
(2) 50 or 60Hz to be specified on order.
them to use in both research
(3) Ambient Temperature 5-35˚C. (0-80% non condensing atmosphere.)
The LPY PIV series are based
around a rugged, self supporting,
LPY
LPY
704-30PIV 706-15PIV
LPY
707-15PIV
220-250
220-250
220-250
220-250
220-250
47-63 50 or 60
50 or 60
50 or 60
50 or 60
Single Phase Single Phase Single Phase Single Phase Single Phase
20
20
20
20
Air cooled(3)
-
<2
<2
<2
<2
Air
Water
Water
Water
Water
2 x LPU1000 16U Rack
16U Rack
16U Rack
16U Rack
LPY
LPY
LPY
LPY
704-100PIV 704-200PIV 742-100PIV 742-200PIV
100
200
100
200
100
50
200
100
<3
6.5
~3
10-12
<70
108
<0.5
<3
4
~3
10-12
<70
108
<0.5
<3
6.5
~3
10-12
<70
108
<0.5
<3
6.5
~3
10-12
<70
108
<0.5
220-250
220-250
220-250
220-250
50 or 60
50 or 60
50 or 60
50 or 60
Single Phase Single Phase Single Phase Single Phase
20
20
20
20
<2
<2
<2
<2
Water
Water
Water
Water
16U Rack
16U Rack
2 x 16U rack 2 x 16U rack
and industrial applications with little need for
• Line narrowed versions
maintenance.
• Rugged industrial design
139
The LPY PIV series can have a stable or a stable -
Rack-mount PSU
PIV Laser head Unit
326
81
1100/1200/1300 *
163
Ô
telescopic resonator design, with the intra-cavity
telescope yielding a lower divergence output.
16/24U
*Rail length will vary
dependent on attenuator
and future upgrade options.
All LPY700 series systems feature a birefringence
compensating twin-rod design
78
Remote Control Box
to give the best possible beam
700
52.5
homogeneity, essential for the
145
605
LPU1000 PSU
Ô
formation of uniform light sheets.
Ô
180
615
All dimensions shown in mm
68
502
238.5
H i g h Repetition Rate Lasers for
H i g h S p eed I maging A pplic at io ns
T h e L DY300 PIV Series
Th e LDY P IV Series Specification s
Performance Data
LDY PIV FEATURES
• High Energy at 527nm
• 0-20kHz continuously variable
• Field replaceable pump module
• Dedicated PIV laser head
LDY PIV
Model
• Rugged industrial design
LDY302 PIV
LDY303 PIV
LDY303HE PIV
The LDY300 series are diode pumped, dual cavity,
The power supply and
Repetition rate (each cavity) (kHz)
1-20
1-20
1-20
1-20
Q-switched Nd:YLF laser systems ideally suited
closed-circuit chiller
Output Energy at 1kHz at 527nm
per laser head per pulse (mJ)
10
15
20
22.5
to high speed PIV imaging applications. Output
are all housed in a
energies of up to 30mJ at 1kHz per cavity at
compact 10U or 12U 19” cabinet. The system
527nm are available. The lasers are built around a
can be controlled either by the in-built LCD or via
1
5
<3
~150
12, 7
1
5
<3
~150
12, 7
1
5
<3
~150
12, 7
1
5
<3
~150
12, 7
220-250
50 or 60
Single Phase
5-30
1000
19” 10U Rack
220-250
50 or 60
Single Phase
5-30
1800
19” 12U Rack
220-250
50 or 60
Single Phase
5-30
2700
19” 13U Rack
220-250
50 or 60
Single Phase
5-30
2700
19” 13U Rack
Pulse - pulse stability (±%)
Beam diameter (mm) (4)
Beam divergence (mrad) (5)
Pulse width @ 1kHz (ns)
M2x, M2y
Services
Voltage(1) (VAC)
Frequency(2) (Hz)
Power
Ambient(3) (˚C)
Consumption (W)
Power Supply
rugged self supporting
invar rail that bestows
• Low profile INVAR optical rail
LDY301 PIV
excellent mechanical
and optical stability.
(1) 110VAC option requires autotransformer to be specified on order
(2) 50 or 60Hz to be specified on order.
(3) 0-80% non condensing atmosphere
(4) Beam diameter is achieved with output telescope.
Standard diameters quoted. Other diameters are available on request. In all cases M2 is unchanged.
(5) At specified beam diameter.
(6) M2 values differ in the x and y directions. Beam rotation optics are available as an option to allow the thinnest light sheets to be formed
in any plane.
This, coupled with the
proprietary resonator
design, leads to
excellent output beams that are spatially and
RS232 interface using the supplied software suite
temporally extremely smooth and
or dll. The system can be externally triggered for
stable, giving rise to light sheets that
output frequencies from 0 - 20 kHz using the TTL
offer almost identical shot to shot
interface.
illumination.
PIV Laser Head
326
139
Rack-mount PSU
81
163
900/1100
605 (10U)
695 (12U)
740 (13U)
The robust design of these lasers make
them suitable for the harshest of industrial
700
environments and research
applications alike.
Remote Control Box
605
All dimensions shown in mm
52.5
145
Ô
180