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2000 years “Brugge & the Sea” The Zwin • Area between the Northsea and Brugge, alternate sea and land • Gradually nature created a permanent channel of 10 km between the coast and the city About the year 1000 • Small natural rivers were deepened, widened, fortified and equipped with dams and locks to control the water flow 13th century • Building of the large port of Damme, ± 5 km north of Brugge • Digging of a smaller canal towards the halls on the Market Square in Brugge • International trade of goods: wool, cloth, wine, luxury products… • Flanders became one of the richest areas in Europe 15th century • Stop of economic prosperity with the silting of The Zwin region; the land became sandy and salty • Harbour traffic moved to other ports e.g. Antwerpen ‘Bruges, la morte’ • The city faded away till the 19th century Around 1860 • Some politicians and merchants realised that the building of an ‘open seaport ‘was the only way to regain economic welfare for Brugge and the environment 1907 : Zeebrugge = Brugge by the Sea • King Leopold II inaugurated the new seaport of Zeebrugge • Link to the inner port of Brugge by a straight canal of 10 km World War I • Port of Zeebrugge was used by the German army to launch U-boats • Almost completely destroyed by the Allies World War II • Zeebrugge was used as part of the German ‘Atlantic Wall’ • Partly devastated 1950-1960 • Trade with the UK; start of the ‘ ferry ‘ lines e.g. Zeebrugge- Dover 1970 • Worldwide oil crisis • Port of Zeebrugge is deepened to receive huge oil tankers 1985 • The coastal port became a ‘deepsea port’ • Start of the development of Zeebrugge as one of the most important entry ports for the European market • Extensive outer port, sea locks, breakwaters of 4km long, modern infrastructure in the inner port and the hinterland Activities • • • • Container terminals Gas and oil terminal Cruises Biggest car port in the world • RORO traffic = roll-on roll-off • … Ecological aspect? • A great concern about nature e.g. ‘ tern island’ artificially created as breeding spot for birds • 2 windfarms to generate green energy Interview with a fish dealer • 2 pupils had an interview with the owner of a fish company about : the harbour, today’s fish market,economic crisis, the past and the future… • Unfortunately the man couldn’t speak English so we have a Dutch text only Click on this picture in presentation modus to watch the movie “Hundred years People & Sea”