Download Density and Layers of the Earth

DENSITY AND LAYERS OF THE EARTH
DO NOW
SWBAT identify and explain the layers of the Earth
Enter silently
Grab materials, folders, notebooks
Begin Do Now
Write a hypothesis in an if-then-because statement
for the following question:
1. If I put a can of Coca Cola and a can of Diet
Coca Cola in a bowl of water, which will sink,
and which will float? Why?
COMPARE THING 1 AND THING 2
Matter/
Space
Thing 1
Less
dense
More
dense
Matter/ Space
Thing 2
APPLY IT TO REAL LIFE:
What makes Coke different from diet Coke?
More sugar
Less sugar
SO WHAT CAN WE CONCLUDE ABOUT DENSITY?
More dense = sink
Less dense = float
This demonstrates Archimedes Principle
If the amount of liquid displaced by the object is less than the
density of the object, then it will sink
LIQUID LAYERS
At your desk you have 3 liquids, that you will pour into your clear cup when instructed to.
Water
Oil
Syrup
First: make observations about each liquid.
THINK-PAIR-SHARE
1. Which liquid will settle on the bottom? Why?
2. Which liquid will settle on the top? Why?
3. Which liquid will settle in the middle? Why?
LIQUID LAYERS THINK-WRITE-PAIR-SHARE
1.
What can we claim about each liquid?
(which is most dense, least dense, in
between)
2.
What evidence do you have? (data or
observations)
3.
What is your reasoning? (scientific
principle and explanation)
LAYERS OF THE EARTH
1. Make some
observations about the
picture of the structure
of the Earth.
2. What can we infer
about the layers of the
Earth?
HOW DID THE FIGURE OUT THE EARTHS LAYERS?
1. Deepest hole on Earth




Kola Superdeep Borehole
12,262 meters (40,230 ft) (1/3 of the crust)
Temperature 180 C (356 F)
Any further and the drill bit wouldn’t work
2. How did scientists figure out there are different
layers of the Earth?
 Scientists can tell by observing the seismic waves that are recorded all
over the surface of the earth from distant earthquakes. The seismic
waves are reflected (bounced off) off of layers of different density.
 The seismic waves also bend because they slow down or speed up
when they enter layers of different density.
CLOSE READ
Based on your reading:
Create a model of the earth’s layers using different colors
1. Label each layer
2. Label the relative density of each layer
3. Label the size of each layer (in Km)
4. Label the composition of each layer (what are they made of?)
5. Write what important process the layer serves (EX. Crust is where
all life lives)
DO NOW
SWBAT identify and explain the
layers of the Earth
Enter silently
Grab materials, folders, notebooks
Begin Do Now
1. Name the layers of the Earth from
least dense to most dense?
2. What two types of plates make up
the crust?
THE EARTH IS LIKE OGRES AND ONIONS
CLOSE READ
Based on your reading:
Create a model of the earth’s layers using different colors
1. Label each layer
2. Label the relative density of each layer
3. Label the size of each layer (in Km)
4. Label the composition of each layer (what are they made of?)
Crust- made of two different types of plates (oceanic and
continental, and the mantle is one layer but has two parts that do
different things)
5. Write what important process the layer serves (EX. Crust is where all
life lives)
LITHOSPHERE AND ATHENOSPHERE
1. Lithosphere
The rigid outer part of the earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.
2. Athenosphere
The upper layer of the earth's mantle,
below the lithosphere, in which convection
is thought to occur
SCIENCE AND RESEARCH SIMPLY PUT
If it looks like a duck
Walks like a duck
Has feathers like a duck
Quacks like a duck
Flies like a duck
Eats like a duck
Has organs like a duck
Then it’s a duck.
1. Andrija Mohorovicic discovered in 1909 that earthquake waves near the surface moved slower
than earthquake waves that passed through the interior of the Earth. He also noticed that the P
(primary, first and strongest) waves that passed through the interior of the Earth did not do so in
a straight line. These waves were bent or deflected by something.
2. What the scientist knew was that waves of all kinds move faster and straighter through denser,
more solid objects.
3. So Mohorovicic came to the conclusion that the outside layer or Crust was made of less dense
material (Rock) and the next layer, the Mantle was much denser. This would explain why the
earthquake waves moved slower through the crust.
4. So by looking at the seismic waves from earthquakes the scientist learned about the crust and
the mantle but they also learned about the outer and inner core. To do this you have to look at a
different kind of waves, the S (secondary waves) waves that also get released by an
earthquake. These S waves are slower.
5. Beno Gutenberg , a German geologist, believed that the Outer Core must be made of a liquid
because the slower S waves could not pass through this layer and in fact "bounced off" and were
deflected many degrees off course. In tests, the S waves also bounced off liquids.
6. The fourth layer, the Inner Core, is composed of very, very hot metals (iron and nickel) with
pressures so great that the metals do not flow as a liquid, but are forced to vibrate in place like
a solid.
7. Earthquake waves that reach this layer move at the greatest speeds because waves move
through solids faster than through gases and liquids. This is how we know that there have to be
different layers.
EXIT TICKET
1. What are the layers of the Earth? Name in order from least
dense to most dense
2. What is the inner and outer core made of?
3. What is the lithosphere?