Download Cell Organelles - lesson

Aim: How can we describe the
structure and function of cell
organelles?
ORGANIZATION CHART
CELLS
EUKARYOTIC CELLS
ANIMAL CELL
PROKARYOTIC CELLS
PLANT CELL
BACTERIA
Prokaryotes
 All
Bacteria
 They DO NOT have membrane bound
organelles.
 They DO have:
Cell Membranes
Cell Walls
DNA
Ribosomes
2 Types of Eukaryotic Cells:
 Animal
Cell
 Plant Cell
 Both are complex, but there are
differences
What are those things inside the cell?
 Organelles
- Specialized structures
in cells that perform important
cellular functions.
Organization of Structure of Multi-celled
Organisms
ORGANISM
ORGANS SYSTEM
ORGAN
TISSUE
CELL
ORGANELLE
Life Functions
 Nutrition
– to get nutrients for energy
 Transport – to move materials from A to B
 Cell respiration – Energy: ATP
 Excretion – to get rid of metabolic waste
 Synthesis – to build, to make
 Regulation – to control
 Growth – to increase in size or number
 Reproduction – to make offspring
CELL MEMBRANE
FUNCTION:
 Provides
boundary of the cell.
 Controls what comes in and out.
CYTOPLASM
FUNCTION:
To protect and support the
organelles within the cell.
•
•Aids in transport within cell
NUCLEUS
 Found
in eukaryotic
cells only!
 Function: Controls
most cell processes
and contains the
hereditary information
- DNA
ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM
FUNCTION:
 Transportation
route of
cell. Materials travel
through it.
 2 Types: Rough ER (has
ribosomes) & Smooth ER
RIBOSOMES
FUNCTION:
 They FORM proteins
 Can be found in cytoplasm or on
Endoplasmic Reticulum (Rough)
GOLGI APPARATUS
FUNCTION:
 Proteins
from ER come here. Labels
and packages the proteins, gives
them a direction to follow.
MITOCHONDRIA
FUNCTION:
 “Powerhouse of the cell.”
Makes energy or ATP from food
and oxygen.
LYSOSOMES
FUNCTION:
 Contain enzymes that can break
down nutrients. Also they break
down dead organelles.
VACUOLES
FUNCTION:
 Store materials such as
water, salt, proteins,
and carbohydrates.
 MANY SMALL ONES
IN ANIMAL CELLS,
AND ONE BIG ONE
IN PLANT CELLS.
CENTRIOLES
FUNCTION:
• Involved in animal cell division
• FOUND ONLY IN ANIMAL
CELLS
CHLOROPLASTS
FUNCTION:
 Use
energy from
sunlight to make energyrich food molecules in a
process known as
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
 FOUND IN PLANT
CELLS!
CELL WALL
FUNCTION:
 Provides
support
and protection
for the cell and
allows materials in
and out of the cell.
 FOUND IN
PLANT CELLS.
CILIA & FLAGELLA
FUNCTION:
 Made
of protein and
help with the movement
of individual cells
Animal cell
Plant cell
What do plant and animal cells have
in common?
ANIMAL CELL
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
PLANT CELL
X
Cell Membrane
Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Lysosomes
Vacuole
Centriole
Chloroplast
Cell Wall
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
Cheek Cell
NUCLEUS
Elodea Cell
CELL WALL
CHLOROPLAST
Damage to which structure will most directly disrupt water balance
within a single-celled organism?
(1) ribosome
(3) nucleus
(2) cell membrane (4) chloroplast
An organelle that releases energy for metabolic activity in a nerve
cell is the
(1) chloroplast
(3) mitochondrion
(2) ribosome
(4) vacuole
• Identify an organelle in cell A that is the site of autotrophic nutrition.
• Identify the organelle labeled X in cell B.
• Which statement best describes these cells?
(1) Cell B lacks vacuoles while cell A has them.
(2) DNA would not be found in either cell A or cell B.
(3) Both cell A and cell B use energy released from ATP.
(4) Both cell A and cell B produce antibiotics.
Homeostasis in unicellular organisms depends on the proper
functioning of
(1) organelles
(3) guard cells
(2) insulin
(4) antibodies
Which organelle is correctly paired with its specific function?
(1) cell membrane—storage of hereditary information
(2) chloroplast—transport of materials
(3) ribosome—synthesis of proteins
(4) vacuole—production of ATP
The first trial of a controlled experiment allows a scientist to
isolate and test
(1) a logical conclusion
(2) a variety of information
(3) a single variable
(4) several variables
The table below provides some information concerning organelles and organs.
Based on this information, which statement accurately compares organelles to organs?
(1) Functions are carried out more efficiently by organs than by organelles.
(2) Organs maintain homeostasis while organelles do not.
(3) Organelles carry out functions similar to those of organs.
(4) Organelles function in multicellular organisms while organs function in single-celled organisms.
A single cell and a
multicellular organism are
represented below.
Which structures are correctly paired with their
primary function?
(1) A and G—transmission of nerve impulses
(2) B and E—photosynthesis
(3) C and H—digestion of food
(4) D and F—gas exchange