Download Russian Revolution, the USSR, and the Cold War

Russian Revolution, the
USSR, and the Cold War
Russian Revolution (1917)
(1) February1/March2
(2) October1/November2
Overthrow Tsar Nicholas II
Establish Provisional Gov’t
Bolshevik Revolution
Nicholas II
1 = our calendar; 2 = Russian calendar then
Lenin
USSR / Soviet Union (1922-1991)
Flag of USSR
Major Soviet Leaders
Lenin (1917-1924)
Stalin (1924-1953)
Khrushchev (1953-1964)
Brezhnev (1964-1982)
Gorbachev (1985-1991)
Stalin (1924-1953)
totalitarianism
1 political party: Communist Party (CCCP)
communist economy:
– 5 Year Plans
– collectivization / de-kulakization
Stalin (1924-1953)
propaganda
secret police: KGB
censorship
strong military
gulag
Red Square
Military display in Red Square
May 9, 2008 – Tanks roll into Red
Square again … V-E Day Celebration
Cult of the Leader: Lenin’s Tomb
Ms. Walsh!
Lenin
Socialist Realism
Boris Eremeevich Vladimirski, Roses for Stalin (1949)
Propaganda Poster (1929)
“Help build the gigantic factories”
Advertises state loan to finance 1st Five Year Plan
Anti-Religion:
Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan
GUM: State Department Store
Hammer & Sickle
Hammer & Sickle (Moscow Metro)
Cold War (1945-1989)
US vs. USSR
state of tension
threat of nuclear war
fighting through client states
Causes of Cold War
clash of ideologies
– capitalism/democracy
– communism
power rivalry
No single start date … 3 wartime
conferences b/t GB, USSR, US
Nov. 1943: Teheran Conference
– plan how to beat Germany
Feb. 1945: Yalta Conference
– plan for postwar Germany
– USSR joins war vs. Japan
– E. Europe – free elections, pro-Russian
July 1945: Potsdam Conference
– US demands free elections & USSR refuses
Churchill, FDR, Stalin (Yalta)
No single start date …
March 1946: Churchill’s “iron curtain”
speech
March 1947: Truman Doctrine
(containment)
June 1947: Marshall Plan
1948: Berlin blockade/airlift
2 alliances: NATO vs. Warsaw Pact
The “iron curtain”
Marshall Plan
Postwar division of Germany
End of Cold War (1980s)
Gorbachev (1985-1991)
– perestroika
– glasnost
1989 revolutions
USSR dissolves (1991)
Russia Today
Vladimir Putin
Dmitry Medvedev
In The Economist, 8 May 2008