Download Hinduism Slide #3 Standing Vishnu South India, 11th c. granite, 53 1

Hinduism
Slide #3
Standing Vishnu
South India, 11th c.
granite, 53 1/8 x 23 ¼ in.
By the 11th century,
Buddhism had lost much
of its distinct identity in
India. Some scholars
suggest that the seated
figure seen in the
headdress may be the
Buddha. Some Hindus
believe the Buddha was
another of the avatars of
Vishnu.
Precise guidelines for the
making of a standing
Vishnu are found in
ancient Hindu texts.
Although the arms of
this sculpture are broken,
scholars confirm that a
six-armed Vishnu would
have made a hand gesture
meaning, “Fear not”, and
would have held a conch,
a discus and a mace in his
other hands.
This nearly life-sized,
freestanding statue was
carved for installation in
a south Indian temple
during the 11th century.
Note the ornate carving
in this granite sculpture.
The artist has made the
figure appear strong and
ready to care for the
earth and all its
inhabitants.
Although powerful,
Vishnu is a completely
benevolent, generous
God. Note his facial
expression. His primary
goal is to maintain the
cosmic order. Some of
his devotees see him as
responsible for the entire
cycle of creation,
preservation and
destruction.
There are three main Gods of Hinduism. Shiva, the destroyer, Brahma, the creator,
and Vishnu, the sustainer. There is only one temple in India dedicated to Brahma. The
other two, Shiva and Vishnu are the focus of two major strains of Hindu practice. In this
image we see Vishnu, the all-powerful God in heaven who is prepared to take form and
come to earth. The times when Vishnu has come to earth are called Divine Descents. In
each descent, Vishnu protects and restores the world. Vishnu has come to earth as a
tortoise, a fish, a boar, a man-lion, dwarf, ax-welder, as Dancing Krishna as well as in other
forms.
In creating this sculpture, the artisan selected a material considered to be well suited
for an image of divinity. Granite is a strong and hard stone, representing the strength of
Vishnu. When depicted as a free standing sculpture, as with the other Gods of Hinduism,
Vishnu would have been fully dressed in fine clothing, and adorned with flowers and
jewelry when placed within a ritual context. This practice is hinted at in the sculpture by
the inclusion of forms of jewelry and fabric draping Vishnu’s body.
How does the figure reinforce the strength of Vishnu? His benevolence? What
indicates his divinity?
© 2002 Ackland Art Museum The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Five Faiths Curricular Resource
TEST COPY - Hinduism Slide 3