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64 ACA I EN NE CE S C HI SE DEM Y OF SC CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Supporting Conditions Big-science Facilities Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) After the feasibility study report was approved in February, and the preliminary design and budget were approved in May, a cornerstone laying ceremony was held on Oct. 20 in Dongguan, south China’s Guangdong Province. Study and prefabrication of most prototypes of the spallation neutron source had been completed, with nine projects passing test and being accepted. In addition, management department of the project had assigned tasks of engineering construction to public utility division, accelerator division and experiment division. It was estimated to be completed by 2018, with a total investment of 1.67 billion RMB yuan. Spallation Neutron Source S CE ACA I EN SE NE Supporting Conditions C HI 65 SC DEM Y OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project In 2011, the overall construction of the Meridian Project went well, so did the test run during the construction. In May, a sounding rocket was launched successfully from a Hainan launch pad. During September and October, the joint-test of the project was performed so as to effectively examine the operation, output capacity and intersystem coordination, to verify the preliminary design index and to accomplish the task of the joint test. In December, the Constitution of National Space Weather Science Center was drafted by the CAS, along with six ministries, to facilitate construction of the national space weather center. By the end of 2011, 99% of project building tasks have passed tests and been accepted. Eight out of 12 co-constructers were approved into the Meridian Project consortium. In 2012, they need to get national approval. Network of China Remotesensing Satellite Ground Station (RSGS) Tasks of building data receiving system devices were close to end and were ready to be installed and tested before three receiving stations were accepted. The general and special recording subsystem and the optic fiber data Sounding rocket were officially kicked off. In October, the construction and installation of the Kashgar station buildings and auxiliary projects were certified. Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope (FAST) The FAST project was in full swing in 2011. The transmission subsystem have been built; tests for construction was kicked off in March. Till now, the site the operating management system have been has been accessible and the construction has been completed. In September, the construction of the completed. More than half of reflecting planes were Miyun station buildings and auxiliary projects finished and the telescope site was preliminarily selected. 66 ACA I EN NE CE S C HI SE DEM Y OF SC CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES Each process system was active in optimization; the technical section of the tender invitation for equipment was designed, ready for an open bidding. Integrated Marine Research Vessel On Nov 30, the research vessel named “Kexuehao” was unveiled in Wuhan, central China’s Hubei Province, making the vessel almost ready to sail and setting a milestone of China’s marine science research. In December, a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) was approved to be equipped on the vessel. Steady High Magnetic Field Facility (SHMFF) The construction of the High Magnetic Field Facility project progressed steadily as scheduled. The external superconducting magnets of hybrid magnet have passed conductor tests and “Kexuehao” Research Vessel experimental magnet tests, and were being processed; all coils of water-cooled magnet WM4 were assembled and ready for installation and tests; water-cooled magnet WM3 was in process of assembly; the high-power and high-stability power system, deionization water-cooled system, helium cryogenic system and central control system were constructed and debugged; superconducting magnets SM2, SM3 and all scientific experiment and testing systems were running well, provided testing conditions for a number of colleges and scientific research institutes at home, and gained important research results. Aerial Remote Sensing System (ARSS) The ARSS construction consists of four parts: purchase and modification of an airplane, the information acquisition system, the processing and management system of ground data and the civil engineering auxiliary project (aeronautic remote-sensing complex building and aircraft hangar). Among them, the S CE ACA I EN SE NE Supporting Conditions C HI 67 SC DEM Y OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES airplane purchase and modification is in progress; the information acquisition goes well, with two equipments imported and eight self-developed ready for assembling and testing; the software design for the data process and management system is completed; and a comprehensive building of the aeronautic remote sensing has been accepted upon completion. Protein Science Research Facility (Shanghai) It stepped into the phase of overall construction in 2011. In September, the engineering design, design optimization and alterations were reviewed and adopted. After the completion of the engineering design and its alterations, the overall construction was kicked off. All parts including construction and installation, terminals have been finished as scheduled and the technical division has purchased equipments, while the research team of the Center was in shape. Site of Protein Science Research Facility Progress of EAST The auxiliary heating system of the Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) experienced the onsite examination and got its design and budget reviewed in January. A preliminary budget of 231.59 million yuan was approved in August, and the commencement ceremony was held in November. The engineering design of the lower hybrid wave system has been completed, and the sample piece processing and performance tests of essential components, and all subsystems were under construction; the neural beam injection heating system has carried out all activities, with an emphasis on development of an integrated test desk. Soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (SXFEL) Test Facility This project aimed to construct a two-stage cascade soft X-ray free electron laser test facility and to develop an RF superconductive accelerating unit with pure niobium superconductive accelerating cavity as its core. Jointly invested by the Ministry of Education, it was owned by the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics 68 ACA I EN NE CE S C HI SE DEM Y OF SC CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES and Peking University. Total investment of the project amounted to 215 million yuan. On Feb 1, 2011, the project proposal was approved by the government. A feasibility study National engineering laboratories & centers In August, the National Engineering Laboratory has been finished and submitted. for Soil Nutrient Management initiated by the Nanjing Key Laboratories and Engineering Centers to have a total of 10 national engineering laboratories. National laboratories The Ministry of Science and Technology Institute of Soil Science was approved, making the CAS In September, the National Engineering Laboratory for Coal Indirect Liquefaction of the Shanxi Institute of Coal Chemistry was accepted. In September, the National Center for Energy Low-carbon Catalysis and Engineering Research and Development initiated by the Dalian Institute of Chemical has currently laid out 4 national laboratories Physics was approved. Now, there are 12 national in the CAS, including the Shenyang National engineering research centers in the CAS and 18 national Laboratory for Materials Science (the Institute of engineering and technology research centers. Metal Research), the Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale (preparatory) ( the University of Science and Technology of China), the Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics (preparatory) (the Institute of Physics) and the Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science ( preparatory) (Peking University and the Institute of Chemistry). Documentary Information and Publications Documentary information A series of reports, focusing on the trend of scientific State key laboratories & CAS key laboratories In 2011, the Ministry of Science and Technology ratified construction of 14 new state key laboratories in the CAS. So far, there are and technological development, was published by the CAS, namely on the topics such as the global key S&T issues, the BRICs national technological competitiveness research, national innovation systems of other countries, and the international frontier research. Six document databases were newly added, including totally 89 state key laboratories, including joint five full-text ones that contained 378 current issues and laboratories built with the Ministry of Education. 54 back issues of foreign electronic journals, 1,472,160 Four key laboratories at the CAS level in industrial reports in foreign languages, and one fact- newly built institutes are accepted. So far, the CAS numerical value/indicator database. By the end of 2011, has 172 key laboratories. the CAS had 15,190 foreign periodicals (including 7,293 periodicals obtained from open sources) in relevant areas S CE ACA I EN SE NE Supporting Conditions C HI 69 SC DEM Y OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES that the CAS conducted research, 34,416 24% of science book award winners. Chinese Science Bulletin, volumes/copies of foreign books, 3,560 Chinese National Geography and Acta Physica Sinica won volumes/copies of foreign reference books, the Journal Awards. In addition, the Science Press won the 29,385 volumes/copies of meeting minutes Advanced Publisher Prize and three CAS publishers were written in foreign languages, 329,718 awarded the Excellent Publisher Prize. degree theses in foreign languages, In 2011, three new technical journals were established, 1,477,239 industrial reports in foreign and four journals were listed into source periodicals of SCI, languages, 400,420 kinds/415,471 copies of increasing the number SCI source periodicals of the CAS to 69, Chinese books, 11,582 Chinese periodicals about 51% of the total nationwide. and 1,510,238 degree theses written in Chinese. In 2011, the academy-wide researchers used the full-text databases and the abstract databases 33.86 million times and 10.07 million times respectively. The Regulations of the CAS on Documentary Information was revised in 2011. Publications In 2011, the China Science Publishing Field Stations Field stations are aimed at performing basic platforms and networks of research facilities which attract more talents and produce more research outputs and are supportive to international cooperation as well as technological innovation. Under the framework of the CAS Technologic Support System Building Plan in the “12th Five-year Plan Period”, the CAS Program for Special Renovation and Purchase of Field & Media Co. Ltd. was established, with the Scientific Observation Research System was formulated. The China Science Publishing Group Co. Ltd. as national project of the ecosystem research network has been its main body, and the Posts and Telecom officially approved by the government and put into operation, Press and the Electronic Industry Press as with the CAS ecological stations playing a backbone role. two shareholders. It is one of the three state-level publishing and media groups. Publications like General Programme One of the CAS strategic priority research programs, Carbon Budget Certification for Climatic Change and Related Issues, was officially launched in 2011, with the full support for China Sustainable Development (20 of the CAS field stations. Field observation and investigation, volumes) by Science Press, Reproduction sample collection and analysis, data observation and research and Cloning: Natural or Artificial, Collection were carried out throughout the country. A symposium of Clinical Cases in Qing Court (Volumes I on mechanism, ratio and potential of ecosystem carbon and II), Several Frontier Issues in Nonlinear sequestration was held in Xinjiang. Science and Beijing Frequency Spectrum II: Electron Positron Physics by USTC Press won the 2nd Chinese Government Publishing Prize in 2011, accounting for Botanical gardens, herbariums and germplasm banks Botanic gardens in the CAS mainly preserve regional 70 ACA I EN NE CE S C HI SE DEM Y OF SC CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES plants, focusing on economic plants, endemic plants and rare or endangered plants. In 2011, there are 7,700 species/times newly introduced and preserved, and the rate of survival for saplings transplanted after at least one year reached 90%. Wild plant resources transplanted for conservation were evaluated on a scientific basis, including analysis of oil content and fatty acid content of energy plant pistacia chinensis, adaptability evaluation of introduced cultivation of rare and endangered plants pertaining to Dipterocarpaceae family and Arecaceae family, and evaluation of water eutrophication of aquatic plant resources in pollution control. Based on wild plant resources, new species were developed and 40 new species were approved or listed. 33 specialized gardens were improved and 15 newly built. Visitors to the gardens reached over 4.3 million and visits to digital botanical gardens 4.2 million. In 2011, newly-added domestic and overseas specimens collected in the CAS herbarium museums were 294,000, of which newly-added specimens were 5,668 and newly authenticated specimens 186,000. New entries of digitalized specimen halls increased by 257,000, with database visits rose to 9.86 million and visitors to the herbariums reached 790,000. Collection of the China Southwest Wildlife Germplasm Bank has reached 53,344 items of 7,471 species, 25% of the country’s total, exceeding the 50,369 items in British Millennium Seed Bank (statistics as of September 2011). In 2011, the bank has cooperated with 33 institutions with their seed collection and held seed conservation training programs twice for both international and regional users. Informatization initiative In 2011, the three fundamental informatization infrastructure including the Internet, supercomputing and data application, the three-tier framework supercomputing grid covering different fields and regional Kashi Receiving Station of RSGS S CE ACA I EN SE NE Supporting Conditions C HI 71 SC DEM Y OF CHINESE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES demands, and the five platforms namely for scientific research, operational management, education and training, science popularization and information release played their key roles in the whole academy. In December 2011, the CAS, along with the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Chinese Academy of Engineering and the NSFC, hosted the 2nd Symposium for Development of China Informatization in Scientific Research. The Blue Book for China Scientific Research Informatization 2011, the first monograph of research informatization in China, was released at the meeting. Anticipatory objectives of the CAS domain governance were fulfilled. By Dec 31, 2011, 99.08% of the domains were registered in real names; unhealthy application of CN domain was in a noticeable downtrend. Infrastructure construction The Implementation Plan of the CAS for Science and Education Infrastructure Construction in the 12th Five-year Plan Period was approved with a special fund of 6 billion yuan. Three new campuses, namely the Jiadian Campus of the Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, new campus of the Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology and the newly-built Haixi Research Institute, got their official approval for construction. A total investment of 2.047 billion yuan was approved, involving 91 affiliated institutions and 202 construction projects. In 2011, 18 new projects of construction were kicked off, covering a building area of 486,800 square meters; 21 projects were completed, with an area of 414,200 square meters; and 24 projects of 14 sub-insitutions in six cities were approved. Miyun Receiving Station of RSGS