Download Long Term Memory - krigolson teaching

Long Term Memory Episodic Memories -­‐  “I remember” -­‐  Tagged with spa;al and temporal context -­‐  Learned in a single exposure Seman;c Memories -­‐  “I know” -­‐  Does not have to have spa;al and temporal context -­‐  Learned in a single exposure, but strengthened with repe;;on Episodic and Seman;c Memories -­‐  Can be communicated flexibly in a format other than they were acquired -­‐  Consciously accessible Trace Levels Sensory Trace (< 1 s) Short Term Trace (develops within seconds or minutes and last for hours) Long Term Trace Long Las;ng Trace Stages of Memory Forma;on 1.  Encoding 2.  Consolida;on 3.  Reten;on 4.  Retrieval Do animals have episodic memories? Models for Episodic and Seman;c Memory Aristotle Associa'onism -­‐ Linkages between events or ideas Three Principles -­‐  Con;guity -­‐  Frequency -­‐  Similarity Neuroanatomy of Seman;c and Episodic Memories Basal Forebrain: signals that new informa;on needs to be encoded Hippocampus helps make links between informa;on and encode new informa;on Pictures Percep;on Recall Sounds Rela;onships btw Episodic Memory Items Encoding of Individual Items Emo;on and Memory Sleep and Memory Stages of Sleep Stage 1 Stage 2 Stages 3 and 4
REM Light Sleep Eye movements stop, change in brain ac;vity Deep Sleep Rapid Eye Movement The Amnesias Anterograde Amnesia Defini;on: Inability to form new memories Neural Issue: Typically, damage to the hippocampus
Retrograde Amnesia Defini;on: Loss of old memories Neural Issue: Unclear… prefrontal damage, loss of neural connec;ons, ??? Source Amnesia Defini;on: Remembering the photograph, not the event Neural Issue: Par;al loss of memory – linkage by the hippocampus? Cryptomnesia: the Plagiarists Excuse Defini;on: Thinking your current thoughts and ideas are original Neural Issue: Par;al loss of memory – linkage by the hippocampus?