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Shark and Mudpuppy skeletal muscle General hint: muscles can be tough to ID. If you are having trouble, look through the pictures for that section of the animal and find the easiest one to identify. Then look for the relationship of your difficult muscle to the easy one. Works for me anyway. 1. Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Superclass Gnathostomata Class Chondricthyes - Sharks are somewhat difficult to skin. There are good tips scattered throughout this section, so it would be a great idea to follow it closely. - You may find some of these muscle names to be a mouthful. Remember that they are usually just compound nouns that include the origin and insertion of the muscle. Identify the following muscles: Trunk or axial muscles Myomeres Myosepta Horizontal septum Epaxial muscle Hypaxial muscle Pectoral fin muscles Pectoral fin extensor Pectoral fin flexor Pelvic fin muscles Pelvic fin extensor Pelvic fin flexor Branchial constrictor muscles Of the mandibular arch Levator palatoquadrati Spiracularis Adductor mandibulae Preorbitalis Intermandibularis Of the hyoid arch Second dorsal constrictor Interhyoideus Of the branchial arches Dorsal and ventral constrictors Levator series Cucullaris interarcuals Branchial adductor Hypobranchial muscles Coracomandibularis Coracoarcual Coracohyoid Coracobranchial 2. Phylum Chordata Subphylum Vertebrata Superclass Gnathostomata Class Lissamphibia Axial Muscles Linea alba Horizontal septum Epaxial muscles Dorsalis trunci Hypaxial muscles Rectus abdominis External oblique Internal oblique Transversus abdominis Compare the axial muscles of the shark and necturus. How does locomotion relate to the differences in their axial musclulature? Dorsal and lateral muscles of the head Adductor mandibulae anterior & “ “ externus Depressor mandibulae Branchiohyoideus Levatores arcuum Dilatator larynges Ventral muscles of the throat Intermandibularis Interhyoideus Sphincter colli Geniohyoideus Genioglossus Rectus cervicis Subarcuales Tranversi ventrales Depressores arcuum Ventral pectoral muscles Omoarcual Procoracohumeralis Supracoracoideus Pectoralis Compare the ventral pectoral muscles of the shark and necturus. How does locomotion relate to the differences found here? Dorsal pectoral muscles Pectoriscapularis Dorsalis scapulae Thoraciscapularis Subcoracoscapularis Muscles of the forelimb Triceps brachii Humerantebrachialis Forelimb extensors Muscles of the pelvic girdle and hindlimb Puboischiofemoralis externus Ischiofemoralis Pubotibialis Ischiocaudalis Caudofemoralis Ilioextensoreius Hindlimb flexor Cucullaris Latissimus dorsi Levator scapulae Coracobrachialis Forelimb flexors Puboischiotibialis Puboischiofemoralis internus Ischioflexorius Caudocrualis Iliotibialis Iliofibularis Hindlimb extensor
