Download Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore Karnataka

Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore
Karnataka
M.D.S Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics
Synopsis for Registration of Dissertation
MARATHA MANDAL’S
NATHAJIRAO G. HALGEKAR INSTITUTE
OF DENTAL SCIENCES & RESEARCH CENTRE
BAUXITE ROAD, BELGAUM
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
BANGALORE, KARNATAKA
ANNEXURE II
PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT FOR DISSERTATION
DR. PANDE NITESH SURENDRA
DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY AND
ENDODONTICS,
MMNGH INSTITUTE OF DENTAL SCIENCES AND RESEARCH
CENTRE,
NEAR K.S.R.P. GROUND,
R.S NO. 47A/2,
BAUXITE ROAD,
BELGAUM – 590010
MARATHA MANDAL’S
NATHAJIRAO G. HALGEKAR INSTITUTE OF DENTAL
SCIENCES AND RESEARCH CENTRE, BELGAUM
1.
Name of candidate and
Address
2.
Name of the Institution
3.
Course
subject
4.
5.
Date of admission
course
Title of topic
6.
Brief resume of intended work :
of
study
and MASTER OF DENTAL SURGERY
DENTISTRY AND ENDODONTICS,
IN
CONSERVATIVE
to 24.07.2013
‘‘EVALUATION OF THE ACCURACY OF NEW GENERATION
APEX LOCATORS- DENTAPORT ZX AND IPEX- AN IN VITRO
STUDY.’’
6.1 Need for study :
The determination of accurate working length is a critical step in an endodontic therapy.
Establishing the working length at the apical constriction is considered ideal for endodontic
treatment, because obturation should terminate at the minor diameter of the root canal.1
Radiographic location of the minor diameter is not predictable because of its limitations. Electronic
apex locators are more accurate and predictable in detecting minor diameter of the root canal.
In the present endodontic scenario electronic apex locators are extensively used to determine
the working length. Introduction of the newer electronic apex locators put the practisioner under the
dilemma to choose the better one. Hence it is essential to compare the efficiency and accuracy of the
recently introduced electronic apex locators.
In the present in vitro study, we will be comparing the accuracy of newly introduced apex
locators- Dentaport ZX (J.Morita,Japan) and iPex (NSK,Japan) .
6.2 Review of Literature :
Ounsi HF., Naamam A. (1999) evaluated the reliability of the Root ZX electronic apex
locator and experimental comparision was made of the Root ZX apex locator with the real
measurement of the root canal length in which saline gel was used to stimulate the periodontium.
Length were taken when the needle reached the 0.5 mark and the Apex mark on the meter. These
measurement were then compared with a calculated reference length representing the real length of
the root canal. They found that Root ZX was not capable of detecting the ‘0.5 mm from the foramen’
hence, should be only used to detect the major foramen.2
Kaufman AY., Keila S., Yoshpe M. (2002) conducted this study on 120 extracted teeth
embedded in alginate medium to test in an in vitro model the accuracy of a Bingo 1020 electronic
apex locators, to compare the results to those of a well known apex locators, Root ZX, as well as to
those of the radiographic method of tooth length measurement. The teeth were randomly divided
into 12 groups of 10 each. They found that Bingo 1020 proved to be as reliable as Root ZX and was
user friendly and under the experimental conditions, electronic measurements were more reliable
than radiographs in the process of root length determination.3
Tselnik M., Baumgartner JC, Marshall JG. (2005) performed this study to compare the
accuracy of the Root ZX and Elements Diagnostic electronic apex locators under clinical conditions.
The mean distances from the file tip to the minor diameter were 0.346 mm for the Elements
Diagnostic and 0.410 mm for the Root ZX beyond the minor constriction. They found that there was
no statistically significant difference between the accuracy of the two electronic apex locators in
locating the minor diameter.4
D’Assuncao, de albquerque DS, de Queiroz Ferreria LC. (2006) compared the ability of
the Root ZX and Novapex electronic apex locators (EALs) in locating the apical foramen on40
extracted teeth. The actual length (AL) and electronic length (EL) measurements were made on each
specimen separately with both devices with an aid of a K-file. The results obtained with each EAL
were compared with the corresponding control length. They found that that the Root-ZX and
Novapex are usefull and accurate devices for the apical foramen location.5
Guise GM., Goodell GG., Imamura GM. (2010) conducted an in vitro study and compared
the accuracy of Root ZX II Apex locator (RZX), Elements Apex locators (ELE) and Precision Apex
locators (PAL) on 40 extracted single rooted teeth mounted in gelatin conducting medium and
randomly tested with each apex locators to determine the electronic canal length.Difference between
the electronic and actual canal length were calculated. They found that RZX was the most accurate
at locating the apical foramina compared with the ELE and the PAL.6
6.3 Objectives of the study:
The objectives of this in vitro study are as follows:
1) To evaluate the accuracy of Dentaport ZX (J.Morita,Japan).
2) To evaluate the accuracy of iPex (NSK,Japan).
3) To compare the accuracy of Dentaport ZX (J.Morita,Japan) and iPex (NSK,Japan).
7.
Methodology
7.1 Source of data:
The study will be conducted in the Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics,
MMNGH Institute of Dental Sciences and Research Centre, on forty extracted single rooted human
teeth.
7.2 Methods of collection of data:
Inclusion criteria:
Forty extracted single rooted with single canaled human permanent premolars with patent
root canals and fully developed root apices will be selected for the study.
Exclusion criteria:
Teeth having resorbed roots, cervical caries, root caries, cracks in roots, immature apices,
fractured roots and severe root curvature will not be included in the study.
1. Materials and Methodology:
This study involves 40 extracted single rooted non-carious permanent premolars that have
been indicated for orthodontic extraction. After removal of the extraneous tissue and calculus teeth
will be placed in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite solutions for 2 hours for surface disinfection and
preserved in 0.2% chlorhexidine solution until use. Radiovisiographic images will be taken in both
bucco-lingual and mesio-distal directions/planes to confirm the presence of single root canal. Then
teeth will be decoronated with a diamond disc to standardize the root length to 12mm. The coronal
one-third portion of each canal will be preflared using Gates Glidden drill (Mani Inc,Japan) to
provide unrestricted access to the root canal. Then pulp extirpation will be done with a barbed
broach following copious irrigation with normal saline.
Teeth will be randomly numbered from 1 to 40. Working length of each sample will be
determined by Dentaport ZX (Group 1) and iPex (Group 2) in the alginate medium as per the
manufacturer instructions, using separate 10 no.K-file for each sample.
After determining the working length stoppers of all the files will be stabilized by light cure
composite.
Once the working length of all the samples are determined with both the apex locators,
Saggital sectioning of all the samples will be done with the diamond disc. Corresponding file is
repositioned in the sectioned sample and photograph of minor diameter will be taken under
stereomicroscope.
The distance between file tip and minor diameter will be measured under stereomicroscope
and values are interpreted as positive (beyond minor diameter) or negative (short of minor diameter)
depending upon the location of file tip in respect to minor diameter. The exact working length is
determined from the minor diameter to reference point of each sample separately using 10 no.
K-file under stereomicroscope. The values obtained will be converted into millimetres by using
standardized formula provided by manufacturer as:
No of units
=
values in millimetres.
Eye piece magnification X zoom magnification
Working length determined using apex locators will be compared with the values obtained by
measuring exact length.
2. Statistical Analysis:
Conclusions will be drawn based on statistical analysis by using paired t test.
7.3 Does the study require any investigations or interventions to be conducted on patients or
Other human or animals? If so please describe briefly
NO. The study will be carried out on human extracted teeth.
7.4 Has ethical clearance been obtained from your institution in case of 7.3?
8.
List of References:
1) Mull JP., Manjunath V., Manjunath MK. Comparison of accuracy of two electronic apex
locators in the presence of various irrigants:An in vitro study. J Conserv Dent 2012; 15(2):
178-82.
2) Ounsi HF., Naaman A. In vitro evaluation of the reliability of the Root ZX electronic apex
locator. Int Endod J 1999; 32(6): 120-23.
3) Kaufman AY., Keila S., Yoshpe. Accuracy of a new apex locator:an in vitro study. Int
Endod J 2002; 35(2): 186-92.
4) Tselnik M., Baumgartner C., Marshall J. An evaluation of Root ZX and Elements Diagnostic
Apex Locators. J Endod2005; 31(7): 507-09.
5) D’Assuncao, de albquerque DS, de Queiroz Ferreria LC. The ability of two locators to locate
the Apical Foramen: An in vitro study. J Endod 2006; 32(6): 560-62.
6) Guise GM., Goodell GG., Imamura GM. In vitro comparision of three Electronic Apex
Locators. J Endod 2010; 36(2): 279-81.
9.
Signature of the candidate
10.
Remarks of the Guide
11.
11.1) Name and Designation of
the Guide
Dr.HEMANT VAGARALI
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR,
DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY
AND ENDODONTICS,
MARATHA MANDAL’S NGH INSTITUTE OF DENTAL
SCIENCES, BELGAUM.
11.2) Signature
11.3) Head of the Department
11.4) Signature
12.
12.1) Remarks of the Principal
12.2) Signature
Dr. MADHU PUJAR
PROFESSOR AND HOD
DEPARTMENT OF CONSERVATIVE DENTISTRY
AND ENDODONTICS,
MARATHA MANDAL’S NGH INSTITUTE OF DENTAL
SCIENCES, BELGAUM.