Download wastewater treatment in bulgaria status and chalanges

WASTEWATER TREATMENT
IN BULGARIA
STATUS AND CHALANGES
ORLIN DIKOV – INFRASTRUCTURE CONSULTANT
BULGARIA’S MAIN STEPS TOWARDS THE EU
1995 Submitted Application for EU membership
2000 Accession negotiations were opened
2004 European Council confirmed the conclusion of
accession negotiations
2005 The Accession Treaty was signed in Luxembourg
2006 Monitoring report confirmed Bulgaria is
prepared to political, economic and acquis criteria
by January 1, 2007
1 January 2007 The Accession Treaty came into force
COMMITMENTS AS PER THE ACCESSION
TREATY
Agglomerations of more than 10,000 PE – Dec. 31, 2010
All agglomerations are provided with collecting
systems for urban wastewater (Art. 3)
Urban wastewater entering collecting systems shall
before discharge be subject to secondary or an
equivalent treatment for all discharges from
agglomerations (Art. 4)
Urban wastewater entering collecting systems shall
before discharge into sensitive areas be subject to
stringent than secondary or an equivalent treatment
for all discharges from agglomerations (Art. 5)
COMMITMENTS AS PER THE ACCESSION
TREATY - 2
Agglomerations a PE of between 2,000 and10,000 December 31, 2014
All agglomerations are provided with collecting
systems for urban wastewater (Art. 3)
Urban wastewater entering collecting systems shall
before discharge be subject to secondary or an
equivalent treatment for all discharges from
agglomerations (Art. 4)
COMMITMENTS AS PER THE ACCESSION
TREATY - 3
Sensitive areas (Art. 5)
Water body which is found to be eutrophic or which
in the near future may become eutrophic if
protective action is not taken
Identification of Sensitive areas was carried out in
2003
About 90% of the water bodies are identified as
sensitive areas, which requires stringent than
secondary treatment of the wastewater discharged
into these bodies
COMMITMENTS AS PER THE ACCESSION
TREATY - 4
Reporting according to Art. 15, 16 and 17
Compliance with the UWWTD of the discharged
treated wastewater and quantity of generated
sludge - within 6 months upon request of the EC
Public report - prepared every 2 years and contains
information on the implementation of the Directive
Program for implementation of the
requirements - prepared every 2 years
Directive
INSTITUTIONAL
SETUP
OF
THE
WSS
SECTOR
INSTITUTIONAL SET UP OF THE WSS SECTOR IN BULGARIA
PARLIAMENT



PASSES LEGISLATION
SELECT AND DISMISS CHAIR AND MEMBERS OF THE ENERGY AND WATER REGULATORY COMMISSION (EWRC)
OVERSEE THE WORK OF THE EWRC
EWRC (COLEGIAL INDEPENDENT BODY)



MRDPW



COORDINATES MANAGEMENT OF WSS
SYSTEMS AT NATIONAL LEVEL
FUNCTIONS AS THE PRINCIPAL IN THE
100% STATE-OWNED AND THE JOINTLY
OWNED WATER OPERATORS
COORDINATES ACTIVITIES OF WATER
ASSOCIATIONS
APROVES WATER OPERATORS BUSINESS PLANS
REGULATES WATER TARIFFS
REGULATES QUALITY OF WATER SERVICES
MOEW (4 RIVER BASIN DIRECTORATES)



MONITOR QUALITY OF GROUND AND
SURFACE WATERS
ISSUE WATER USE PERMITS AND
WASTEWATER DISCHARGE CONSENTS
ORGANIZE PREPARATION OF RIVER BASIN
MANAGEMENT PLANS
WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE ASSOCIATIONS




MANAGE WSS SYSTEMS WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF THE DESIGNATED TERRITORY
RECONCILE WATER OPERATORS BUSINESS PLANS
APPROVE WATER SUPPLY AND SEWERAGE MASTER PLANS
SELECT AND SIGN CONTRACTS WITH WATER OPERATORS
MOH (REGIONAL HEALTH
INSPECTORATES)


MONITOR QUALITY OF DRINKING
WATER
PARTICIPATE IN PREPARATION OF
NATIONAL PLANNING DOCUMENTS IN
THE DRINKING WATER SUPPLY
MUNICIPAL COUNCILS



MANAGE WSS SYSTEMS WITHIN SINGLE MUNICIPALITY
RECONCILE MUNICIPAL WATER OPERATORS BUSINESS PLANS
APPROVE WSS MASTER PLANS
WATER OPERATORS (64 - 14 owned by the state, 15 jointly owned by the state and municipalities, 23 owned by municipalities, 12 private)



PROVIDE WATER SERVICES WITHIN THE DESIGNATED TERRITORY
PREPARE BUSINESS PLANS EVERY 5 YEARS
DRAFT WATER TARIFFS
COMPLIANCE WITH THE UWWT
DIRECTIVE
SERVICES COVERAGE (National Statistical Institute)
% of Population connected to Wastewater
Collecting Systems
2000 – 66.7%
2007 – 69.7%
2014 - 74.9%
% of Population connected to WWT Plants
2000 – 36.9%
2007 – 42.3%
2014 - 56.8%
COMPLIANCE BY 2012 (Eight EC report of March 2016)
Art. (3) – 12 %
Art. (4) – 11%
Art. (5) - 1%
COMPLIANCE WITH THE UWWT
DIRECTIVE - 2
“The prospects of achieving the necessary progress,
solely through infringement procedures, are not
encouraging” – 7th report of the EC on compliance
2012 – EC promoted “new approach” of reaching
compliance through partnership implementation
agreements
By 2014 each MS should establish or revise the
UWWTD implementation plan
2014 – GoB approved revised implementation plan
with deadline for full compliance by December, 2023
MAIN CHALLENGES IN REACHING
COMPLIANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Planning, Design and Construction Phase
High investment needs
Difficult mobilization of the necessary funding
Complex project preparation and implementation
procedures
Insufficient administrative and technical capacity to
prepare and implement projects
Delays in projects’ implementation
MAIN CHALLENGES IN REACHING
COMPLIANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY
Operational Phase
Insufficient professional and technical staff to
operate and maintain WWT facilities
Inadequate tariffs to allow sustainability of the
projects vis a vis the sector
Lack of appropriate conditions for adequate sludge
disposal in line with the requirements of the Sludge
and Waste Directives
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
Include performance improvement in the Projects
objectives
Involve WSS Operators at the earliest stage of the
project preparation
Design WWT facilities on the basis of measurements
of Flows and Loads
Make early planning/training of the necessary staff to
operate and maintained the WWT facilities
EXAMPLE OF SUSTAINABLE WASTEWATER
TREATMENT IN BULGARIA – SOFIA WWTP
1984 – Put into operation
Treatment capacity – 480 000 m3/day
Activated Sludge Process
20 Coarse and Fine Rakes
3 Aerated Grit Removal Chambers
4 Primary Settlers with D=54 and depth=5m
EXAMPLE OF SUSTAINABLE WASTEWATER
TREATMENT IN BULGARIA – SOFIA WWTP
6 Aeration Basins – 150m by 36m
6 Secondary Settlers
2011 - Tertiary treatment introduced
Anaerobic sludge treatment in methane tanks
2009 - Co-generation unit for methane utilization
Sludge applied on agricultural land – 20,000 tones
ds/year
By 2020 sludge
Phosphorus
incineration
and
utilization
of