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Planets Large celestial objects that orbit a star Cannot orbit any other celestial object Contains enough mass so that its gravity pulls it into a round or spherical shape Able to clear other celestial objects out of its orbit There are 8 planets in our Solar System Types of Planets There are 2 kinds of planets: TERRESTRIAL: made of solid material Example: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars GAS GIANTS: made up mostly of gases Example: Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune What About Pluto? Why is Pluto no longer a planet? Its smaller than Earth’s Moon It has a flattened orbit It crosses the orbit of Neptune Its moon is almost as large as itself Since it cannot clear other objects out of its orbit, it can no longer be a planet Dwarf Planet A celestial object that orbits the Sun and has a spherical or round shape but does not clear its own orbit. There are 5 of them: Ceres, Haumea, Makemake, Eris and Pluto Inner Planets The four planets of our Solar System that are closest to the Sun They have similar characteristics: Have a rocky cratered surface Smaller than the other planets Have orbits that bring them closer to the Sun Have no or very few moons Mercury The Smallest Planet Rotation: 59 days Orbit: 88 days Moons: 0 Atmosphere: almost non-existent Named for the speedy Roman messenger god Venus The Hottest Planet Rotation: 243 days Orbit: 226 days Moons: 0 Atmosphere: mostly carbon dioxide gas which traps heat from the sun Named for the Roman goddess of love and beauty Earth The Living Planet Rotation: 24 hours Orbit: 365 days Moons: 1 Atmosphere: 78% nitrogen, 20% oxygen Named after the material world Mars The Red Planet Rotation: 24.6 hours Orbit: 1.88 years Moons: 2 Atmosphere: 95% carbon dioxide Named after the Roman god of war Outer Planets The four planets of the solar system that are farthest from the Sun They have similar characteristics:` Have a gassy atmosphere and no solid surface Have orbits that keep them far from the Sun Have rings surrounding them Have numerous moons Jupiter The Giant Planet Rotation: 9.8 hours Orbit: 12 years Moons: 63 Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen and helium Named after the ruler of all Roman gods Saturn The Ringed Planet Rotation: 10.7 hours Orbit: 29.5 years Moons: 61 Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen and helium Named after the Roman god of agriculture Uranus The Tilted Planet Rotation: 12.2 hours Orbit: 84 years Moons: 27 Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen and helium Named for the Greek god of the sky Neptune The Deep-Blue Planet Rotation: 16.1 hours Orbit: 165 years Moons: 13 Atmosphere: mostly hydrogen and helium Named for the Roman god of the sea