Download Concepts in energy statistics

Business statistics and registers
Energy statistics, part 1
Production and use of energy
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Electricity industries
• The electricity industries are involved in electric
power generation, transmission and distribution
• This includes the generation of bulk electric
power, transmission from generating facilities to
distribution centers and distribution to end users
• Gross electricity production is measured at the
terminals of all alternator sets in a station
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Gas industries
• The gas industries are involved in the
manufacture of gas, and distribution of
gaseous fuels through mains
• The separate operation of gas pipelines,
typically done over long distances, is excluded
• Wholesale of gaseous fuels and retail sale of
bottled gas are also excluded
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Cooling industries
• Cooling is the transfer of thermal energy via
thermal radiation, heat conduction or
convection
• Section D of the ISIC includes:
- Production and distribution of cooled air,
chilled water, and ice
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Energy
• Energy is the capacity for doing work or for
producing heat or cooling
• Energy statistics refer to:
Energy industries
Energy commodities
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Sources of energy - overview
• Combustible sources of energy may be transformed
into mechanical energy with or without subsequent
transformation into electricity
• Mechanical energy and electricity may also be derived
from the kinetic energy of a mass of water that moves
from one level to another or from wind
• Heat may be produced from a great variety of sources
• Each source of energy has its particular advantages and
disadvantages in terms of storage and transportability
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Sources of energy – coal and oil
• Fossil fuels are dominant sources of energy
• In many countries, coal continues to be one of the
principal energy sources
• Coal includes all coal, both primary and derived fuels
• Crude oil is a mineral oil consisting of a mixture of
hydrocarbons of natural origin
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Sources of energy - gas
• Gas includes natural gas, coke oven gas, blast furnace
gas and gas works gas
• Natural gas comprises gases, occurring in underground
deposits, whether liquefied or gaseous, consisting
mainly of methane
• Coke oven gas is obtained as a by-product of the
manufacture of coke oven coke for the production of
iron and steel
• Blast furnace gas is produced during the combustion of
coke in blast furnaces
• Gas works gas covers all types of gas produced in public
utility or private gas plants
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Sources of energy - biomass
• Combustible renewables and waste comprises solid
biomass and animal products, gas/liquids from
biomass, industrial waste and municipal waste
• Biomass is defined as any plant matter used directly
as fuel or converted into fuels or electricity and/or
heat
• Municipal waste comprises wastes collected by or for
local authorities for disposal in a central location for
the production of heat and/or power
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Sources of energy - other
• Some sources of energy older than fossil fuels
include the sun, wind, tides and waves, and the hot
rocks beneath the earth's surface
• Geothermal and solar energy production is
indigenous production of geothermal, solar, wind,
tide and wave energy
• Hydro is the energy content of the electricity
produced in hydro power plants
• Nuclear energy is in a class of its own
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Concepts in energy statistics
• Primary fuels are fuels are not derived from
any other source of energy
• Primary fuels include coal, crude oil and
natural gas, and fissionable materials
• Primary energy is energy from sources that
involve only extraction or capture
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Concepts in energy statistics
• Secondary energy is energy from all sources of
energy that result from transformation of primary
sources
• Fuels are energy sources that must be subjected to
combustion or fission to release energy
• Imports, exports and stock changes in secondary
energy should be treated in an energy balance in the
same ways as changes in the supply and use of
primary energy. These flows of secondary energy
should be designated as primary energy equivalents.
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