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Which phrase best describes the focus
of ecology?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Individual organisms
Individual cells
Interactions among organisms
Interactions among cells
What is the term for a group of different
species in a given area?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Population
Ecosystem
Community
Biome
Which level of organization in ecology is
a major regional or global community of
A. An ecosystem organisms?
B. Population
C. Community
D. Biome
Studying a virtual ecosystem on a
computer is an example of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Experimentation
Modeling
Surveying
Observation
Which of the following is the best
example of an observation study?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A quadrant sample
A laboratory experiment
A computer program
A population model
Which of the following is an example of a
biotic factor in an ecosystem?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sunlight
Stream
Tree
Rock
Wind is considered to be an abiotic
factor because it
A.
B.
C.
D.
Is not related to biodiversity
Is a nonliving thing
Is in equilibrium
Is not in any ecosystem
A rainforest has a high level of
biodiversity because it has
A.
B.
C.
D.
Many abiotic factors
Some endangered species
Few connections between living things
A wide variety of living things
A keystone species is a species that
A.
B.
C.
D.
Goes unnoticed if its numbers decrease
Alters an area by building bridges and dams
Leads to a decrease in an area’s biodiversity
Has an unusually large impact on its ecosystem.
Beavers are sometimes trapped for their
fur. What could be one effect of
increased trapping of beavers in an area?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Biodiversity among the area’s fish would increase
The number of herons and kingfishers would decrease
There would be more nesting areas for waterfowl
More trees would be cut down
An organism that makes its own food
is called a
A.
B.
C.
D.
Consumer
Producer
Heterotroph
Chloroplast
A moose is considered to be a
consumer because it
A.
B.
C.
D.
Gets energy by eating other resources
Makes its own food
Forms carbohydrates using chemicals
Uses sunlight for energy
The basis for the energy in an
ecosystem is provided by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Consumers
Heterotrophs
Chemosynthesis
Producers
Most producers get energy from the sun
using the process of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Respiration
Consumption
Photosynthesis
Chemosynthesis
Chemosynthesis is the process in
which organisms
A.
B.
C.
D.
Form carbohydrates using chemicals
Get energy by eating other organisms
Make chemicals that absorb sunlight
Use energy from the sun to form carbohydrates
A model that shows a single sequence of
feeding relationships is called a
A.
B.
C.
D.
Trophic level
Food chain
Food web
Feeding chain
Decomposers are important to
ecosystems because they
A.
B.
C.
D.
Return vital nutrients to the environment
Are producers
Capture energy from the Sun
Can be omnivores
Giant pandas eat bamboo almost
exclusively. For this reason giant pandas
are an example of a(n)
A.
B.
C.
D.
carnivore
Omnivore
Generalist
Specialist
A food chain contains oak trees
(producer), mice (herbivore), black
snakes (carnivore), and bald eagle
(carnivore). How many trophic levels
does this food chain have?
A.
B.
C.
D.
One
Two
Three
Four
Food webs are models that show
A.
B.
C.
D.
One sequence of producer and consumer
Network of feeding relationships
Stored energy in food chains
Only primary consumers in an ecosystem
The water cycle, in which water moves
from the atmosphere, to the surface,
below ground and back is called
A. Biogeochemical cycle
B. Oxygen cycle
C. Hydrologic cycle
D. Nitrogen cycle
Which two biogeochemical cycles
depend directly on photosynthesis?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hydrologic cycle and oxygen cycle
Carbon cycle and phosphorous cycle
Nitrogen cycle and phosphorous cycle
Oxygen cycle and carbon cycle
Fossil fuels are part of which of the
following cycles?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Oxygen
Carbon
Nitrogen
Phosphorous
What happens during the process of
nitrogen fixation?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bacteria changes ammonium into nitrate
Bacteria grows on nodules on plant roots
Bacteria absorb ammonia and excrete ammonium
Bacteria convert gaseous nitrogen into ammonia
Where does most of the phosphorous
cycle take place?
A.
B.
C.
D.
In the atmosphere
At and below ground level
On fungi near plant roots
Close to rocky terrain
Each level in a food chain contains less
energy than the one below it because
some energy is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Added to the system
Lost as heat
Consumed by carnivores
Incorporated into biomass
The term biomass refers to the total
A.
B.
C.
D.
Dry mass of the organisms in a given area
Unused material excreted as waste
Producer-to-consumer ratio
Mass of all living things on Earth
A diagram that shows how available
energy is distributed among trophic
levels in an ecosystem is called a(n)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Food pyramid
Pyramid of numbers
Food web
Energy pyramid
A biomass pyramid is a diagram that
compares the
A.
B.
C.
D.
Masses of different organisms
Number of different organisms
Biomass of different trophic levels
Distribution of energy in trophic levels
A diagram that shows the numbers of
individual organisms at each trophic level
in an ecosystem is called a(n)
A.
B.
C.
D.
Biomass pyramid
Pyramid of numbers
Energy pyramid
Inverted pyramid