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6th Grade Midterms Review 2014-2015 Earth’s Structure Chapter 1 - Key Terms atmosphere geosphere constructive force destructive force density convection current hydrosphere basalt biosphere granite Main Ideas -How do the 4 spheres of the Earth work together as a system? -What are the layers of the Earth, and the differences between each? -What are 3 ways heat is transferred, and which happens inside the Earth? Chapter 2 - Key Terms intrusive rock extrusive rock deposition compaction weathering cementation erosion Main Ideas -What are the types and differences between sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks? -What is the rock cycle? Chapter 3 - Key Terms continental drift Pangaea mid-ocean ridge deep-ocean trench plate tectonics sea-floor spreading plate subduction fault Main Ideas -What 3 pieces of evidence supported Wegener’s theory of continental drift? -What 3 pieces of evidence supported the theory of sea-floor spreading? Where do subduction and seafloor spreading occur? -What are the 3 types of plate boundaries? (Think of our dance!) -What are the 3 types of faults? Chapter 4 & 5 Musical Plate project – what connection did we see between earthquakes and volcanoes? Where did earthquakes and volcanoes mostly seem to occur? Earth’s Structure Chapter 2 - Key Terms uniformitarianism abrasion deposition oxidation Humus natural resource weathering permeable soil conservation erosion bedrock Main Ideas -What is the difference between mechanical and chemical weathering, and what are some examples of each? -How does soil form? How do the horizons differ? -Why is soil considered a natural resource? How can it be damaged, and how can it be conserved? 7th Grade Midterms Review Chapter 1 - Key Terms matter chemistry Element atom weight mass temperature thermal energy 2014-2015 physical property molecule volume endothermic chemical property compound density exothermic Main Ideas -What are 2 types of mixtures, and how can mixtures be separated? -How are mass and weight different? Which changes and which stays constant? -How do you calculate volume and density? What are the metric units for mass, volume, and density? -What are examples of physical and chemical changes? -What is the law of conservation of mass? Chapter 2 - Key Terms crystalline solid amorphous solid viscosity sublimation Main Ideas -How do particles behave in a solid, liquid, and gas? -What processes change solid liquid, and liquid gas? -What are the similarities and differences between boiling and evaporation? -What are Boyle’s Law and Charles’ Law? (Remember the VTP cards!) Chapter 3 - Key Terms atom nucleus group metalloid isotope semiconductor period Main Ideas -What 3 particles are found in an atom? What charges do they have and where in the atom are they found? -What information is found in each square of the periodic table? -Periodic table: how it is arranged, properties of each group, etc. (Information in your foldable.) Chapter 4 - Key Terms valence electron electron dot diagram ion subscript Main Ideas -How do valence electrons determine an element’s properties? -Ionic and covalent bonds: how do they form and what are the properties of each? -Similarities and differences between polar and nonpolar bonds Chapter 5 - Key Terms precipitate open system catalyst inhibitor closed system activation energy concentration Main Ideas -How can you identify a chemical reaction? -Chemical equations: know the parts, how to balance, and the 3 types -What does a reaction need to get started? What 3 things affect the rate of the reaction? 8th Grade Midterms Review 2014-2015 Chapter 1 - Key Terms cell microscope selectively permeable osmosis organic diffusion inorganic Main Ideas -Organelles of the cell and their functions -Important groups of compounds in cells -What is the difference between active and passive transport? Chapter 2 - Key Terms Autotroph heterotroph fermentation replication Main Ideas -How do all living things rely on the sun for energy? -What happens during photosynthesis and cellular respiration? How are they opposite processes? -What are the stages of the cell cycle, including substages of mitosis? Briefly, what happens in each? Chapter 3 - Key Terms heredity trait allele phenotype heterozygous incomplete dominance genetics genotype codominance gene homozygous Main Ideas -What were Mendel’s experiments on heredity? -Use a Punnett Square to predict genetic crosses -What happens during meiosis? Why does a cell go through this process? How does it differ from mitosis? Chapter 4 - Key Terms Nitrogen base RNA mutation deleterious mutation Main Ideas -What is the structure of DNA? What nitrogen bases pair together? How does DNA replicate? -What is the difference between DNA and RNA, or mRNA and tRNA? How does a cell make protein? -What are the 3 types, or causes, of mutations? How can they affect an organism? Chapter 5 – Group Lesson Presentations Be prepared to describe one topic of human genetics that was taught by the groups in class.