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Solar Radiation List four ways in which solar radiation makes life on Earth possible. Albedo – Reflected solar radiation % Reflected by what Examples of items with high and low albedo Absorbed solar radiation % What the absorbed energy is used for Temperature changes with latitude Near the equator, the sun’s rays hit ______________ 1. Energy is ______________ concentrated 2. Produces ______________ temperatures 3. Rays of light pass through a shallower envelope of air Near the poles, the sun’s rays hit more ______________ 1. Energy is ______________ concentrated because _____________________________ 2. Produces ______________ temperatures 3. discuss rays of light entering atmosphere obliquely: Temperature changes with seasons Degree of Earth’s tilt: Cause of seasons: Discuss the dates each hemisphere tilts toward the sun and the corresponding seasons. III. The Atmosphere Define the atmosphere and it’s role on Earth. State the composition of the atmosphere, including what makes up the 1% “other” List the layers of the atmosphere in order from Earth’s surface to space, and add a couple of details for each. Atmospheric Circulation Describe the circulation of the atmosphere Surface Winds Define wind: Describe what causes wind Explain the Coriolis effect List and describe the atmosphere’s three prevailing winds The Global Ocean global ocean: list the 4 sections of the global ocean Patterns of Circulation in the Ocean Prevailing winds: Gyres: The Coriolis effect: Vertical Mixing of Ocean Water Discuss density and the ocean conveyor belt. Ocean Interactions with the Atmosphere Discuss El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and its global effects Discuss La Niña Weather and Climate Weather: Climate: Precipitation: Define “rain shadow” and explain why deserts form in the rain shadows of mountains (leave room here for a drawing we’ll make in class) Internal Planetary Processes What are tectonic plates? What is the relationship between locations of earthquakes and plate tectonics? What is the relationship between locations of volcanoes and plate tectonics?