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Civics and Economics Review Book # 1 This Book Belongs To: ______________________ Political Activity #1 Fill in the blanks. Article I talks about the _______________ branch, they are responsible for ____________ laws. Article II talks about the ________________ branch, they are supposed to ______________ the law. Article III talks about the _______________ branch, they _______________ the law and decide what the intent of the law is. _____________________ powers are given to the national government in Article I of the Constitution. Congress can ______________ war. Congress can ____________ money. Congress can ____________________ interstate trade. This means that it decides what ________________ the United States does business with. Congress can ___________________ a post office. Federalism is that a government splits its powers between the _______________________ and the _______________. __________________ powers are given to states in the __________ amendment. Economics Activity #1 What Factor of Production Does it Match With? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Machines Natural resources Money Robots dentist Farmer Manager stockholder Land Land Land Land Land Land Land Land labor labor labor labor labor labor labor labor capital capital capital capital capital capital capital capital Legal Activity #1 Three Levels of the Federal Court System What Type of Law Does Each Situation Deal With? 1. Divorce Criminal civil 2. Murder Criminal civil 3. Adoption Criminal civil 4. Littering Criminal civil 5. Drug possession Criminal civil 6. Child custody Criminal civil 7. Speeding Criminal civil 8. larceny Criminal civil entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur entrepreneur Political Activity #2 Highlight what type of power each of these are. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Regulate interstate trade Collect taxes Establish schools Coin money Establish local governments Enforce laws Establish courts Conduct elections Expressed Expressed Expressed Expressed Expressed Expressed Expressed Expressed reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved reserved concurrent concurrent concurrent concurrent concurrent concurrent concurrent concurrent How does a bill become law? Place the following steps in order. _______ A Congress person introduces a bill. _______ A bill goes to the President. _______A bill is voted on. _______A bill goes to the appropriate committee. _______ The Bill goes to the floor for debate. The _______________ committee would deal with making sure that college students have affordable college loans. The ___________________ committee would deal with the GI Bill or with health care benefits related to an injury while in the military. Economic Activity #2 Ways Businesses Make More Money Legal Activity #2 Plea Bargaining Advantages to the Defendant 1. Found guilty of a ______________ crime. 2. Has a ________________ penalty. Advantages to the Prosecutor 3. 4. 5. 6. __________ the docket. Gets a __________ verdict. ___________ Money. ___________ Time. The two sides of a case are the _________________and the ______________________. They argue their side by gathering __________________ on their behalf. They also ________________ witnesses and __________________ examine the other side’s witnesses. Highlight which one is correct. 1. 2. 3. 4. A witness in a case gets a subpoena/ summons. A jury person gets a subpoena / summons. A defendant gets a subpoena/ summons. A jury must find a person guilty beyond a reasonable doubt/ have a preponderance of the evidence to find someone guilty in a criminal case. Political Activity #3 Draw a line to connect to appropriate state or local position. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Sheriff Council of state Governor City council Mayor Manager Magistrate Register of deeds elected executive of a municipality sign search warrants write ordinances head executive for a state appointed by city council to run a city responsible for keeping track of land ownership 8 elected department heads for NC run the county jails Passing an amendment to the United States Constitution. Which amendment protects this right? _______ religion _______ speech _______ no self incrimination _______ states have reserved powers _______ right to a lawyer _______ no unreasonable search and seizure _______ all citizens have equal protection under the law _________________ represents the United States. Two _________________ represent their state. _________________ represent their district. The _________________ represents his or her state. Economic Activity #3 Circular Flow Model 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Where is labor sold? ___________________________ Where is capital sold? __________________________ What determines price in is a market economy? ______________________________ Who owns all capital? __________________________ Who provides supply? ________________________________ Who provides demand? ____________________________________ What is the incentive of being an entrepreneur? __________________________________ Legal Activity #3 Steps in a Criminal Trial What Type of Law Is It? Written by the legislative branch Judges make decisions Use precedents Criminal law Civil law Made by government agencies Passed by the Environmental Protection Agency Passed by Congress Government regulations Acts, statutes, and ordinances Passed by the General Assembly Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Statutory Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Administrative Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Common Political Activity #4 Federalists or Antifederalists. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Alexander Hamilton Thomas Jefferson Wanted a bill of rights added Wanted to protect the rights of the citizens Felt a strong national government was necessary Wanted the Constitution passed Believed powers should be shared between the national government and the states 8. Wanted states rights protected Federalists Federalists Federalists Federalists Federalists Federalists Federalists AntiFederalists AntiFederalists AntiFederalists AntiFederalists AntiFederalists AntiFederalists AntiFederalists Federalists AntiFederalists Draw a line to match up the Enlightenment philosopher with his ideas. 1. 2. 3. 4. Capitalism Separation of powers Unalienable rights Social Contract theory Economic Activity #4 Advantages of owning a sole proprietorship 1. Keep all of the _________________ 2. Make all ______________________ Advantages of owning a corporation 1. Have _________________ liability, meaning that an owner cannot be sued 2. ___________________ run the business on behalf of the owners 3. Owners are called _______________________, and can ___________ their stock when they no longer want to own the business 4. Owners get _________________ checks and do not need to actually go to work John Locke Montesquieu Adam Smith Rousseau Disadvantages of owning a sole proprietorship 1. Have ______________ liability, which means that you can be sued and lose ___________________ 2. The business _______________ when you die Disadvantages of a corporation 1. Corporations are taxed _________________ 2. All profits are taxed with ____________________ income tax, then _________________________ have to pay __________________ _________ on their ________________ checks 3. Don’t get to make any ___________________ on how the company runs Legal Activity #4 Bad Boys, Bad Boys, What you gonna do? What police agency does this? Investigates treason, espionage, and counterfeiting Gives speeding tickets Has the largest jurisdiction in the U.S. Has the smallest jurisdiction in the U.S. Runs county jails and serves warrants Solves conflicts outside the city limits Called in to assist investigate murders and rapes in N.C. Investigates most crimes Political Activity #5 Circle the region that best matches. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Shipbuilding and fishing Plantation system Representative democracy Tobacco, indigo, and rice Large ports such as New York and Philadelphia 6. Town meetings 7. Religious dissenters 8. Proprietors New England New England New England New England New England Middle Middle Middle Middle Middle Southern Southern Southern Southern Southern New England New England New England Middle Middle Middle Southern Southern Southern Economic Activity #5 1. Personal income tax is a regressive/ progressive tax because it increases with a person’s income. 2. Taxes increase/ decrease in a recession so that people have more money to spend in their paychecks. 3. Congress/ The Federal Reserve Bank raise and lower taxes. 4. The United States enters deficit spending in a recession/ expansion. 5. Deficit spending means that a country spends more/ less money and takes in less revenue through taxes. 6. Tariffs tax imports/ exports. 7. The purpose of a tariff is to make foreign/ domestic goods more expensive. 8. Tariffs encourage people to buy domestic/ foreign goods by making goods made in other countries more expensive. 9. Sales tax is a regressive/progressive tax because both the rich and poor pay the same amount. 10. An excise tax is a tax on one item / many items. 11. Excise taxes are placed on items that people will buy regardless of how much the price is raised. Items that may have an excise tax are ______________________, __________________________, and gas. Legal Activity # 5 The Court System 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Most cases go to state/ federal court. All trials go to district court/ appellate court. Adoption is a civil case/ criminal case. Federal judges are elected/ appointed. Federal judges must be approved by the Senate/ President. State judges are elected/ appointed. District courts have original/ appellate jurisdiction. Burden of proof in a criminal case must be shown by the prosecutor/ jury. A grand jury/ trial jury decide the verdict of a case. The goal of juvenile courts is rehabilitation/ punishment. Methods used to address criminal behavior. Restitution is a ______________________ to the plaintiff in a civil suit. Rehabilitation is to help a person accused of a crime so they do not __________________ their actions. Examples of things that help to rehabilitate a person are: 1. Drug ___________________________ 2. Juvenile ______________________ facilities 3. Community _______________________ Some methods are simply met to punish a person accused of a crime. Such as ___________________, or prison time. Other punishments are meant to cut down on recidivism, or _____________________ offenders. Examples of punishments meant to stop repeat offenders, known as ___________________________ are: 1. The registry for __________________ offenders 2. The three strikes laws that state if a person commits ________________ felonies, they have a life sentence Political Activity #6 House or Senate? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. Representation based on population Based on the NJ Plan Serve for a six year term Approves treaties Approves all federal judges Originates all revenue bills 435 members House Rules committee sets rules for debate Can filibuster Impeaches federal officials Holds the trial for anyone who is impeached Must be 30 to run for office House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives House of Representatives Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate Senate The Great Compromise Economic Activity #6 Is it demand or supply? Write d or s. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. _______ people wanting an item _______businesses making an item _______ people no longer wanting to buy an item _______ affected by cost of running a business _______ peoples income changes it Does it make demand go up or down? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. _____ people are making more money _____ people have a decrease in their personal income tax _____ unemployment is low _____ interest rates are down _____ an item goes on sale _____ price goes up _____ the price of a complimentary item goes up _____ the price of a substitute item goes down Legal Activity #7 Civil Cases: 1. ________________________ files a _________________________, hoping to recover ___________________________ or ____________________________. 2. Case can be heard by _________________________ or ______________________ because of the ___________ Amendment, that says that you have the right to a ___________ in a ______________ case that involves amounts over $20. 3. If you are not satisfied with the verdict you may ________________________ to ______________________. Criminal Cases: 1. A person ________________ of a crime may be ______________________ if the police have a ______________________ issued by a ___________________________ if the police have ___________________________________. 2. The accused must be _____________ their _____________ Rights and must have an opportunity to call a _____________________________. 3. The case goes to the initial hearing where _______________________ is reviewed and the defendant enters a _______________. 4. A ______________ is set and the _________________ takes place. 5. A _________________ verdict may be _____________________ to a ________________ court. Political Activity #8 Match the government official with their job 1. President 2. Speaker of the House 3. Vice President 4. President Pro Tempore 5. Party whips 6. Floor leaders 7. Cabinet 8. Federal court judges appoints Representatives to their committees President of the Senate makes sure that laws their party believes in are passed assists the floor leaders, make sure that members vote Department heads that help the President appointed for life appoints Senators to their committees Legislative leader, gives the State of the Union Address How to Pass an Initiative Economic Activity #8 Does it make supply go up or down? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. _____ new technology decreases cost _____ corporate income taxes go up _____ new government regulations _____ price of item goes up _____ price of an item goes down _____ a new competitor enters the market _____ business gets a tax break _____ minimum wage goes up _____ cost of natural resources go down _____ corporate income taxes go down _____ a monopoly _____ passing antitrust legislation Does this happen in a recession or in expansion? Mark with an e or r. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. _____ Gross domestic product increases _____ Unemployment increases _____ Businesses are investing _____ Interest rates go down _____ The government spends more money _____ Gross domestic product decreases _____ Unemployment decreases _____ Interest rates go up _____ The government goes into debt Legal Activity #9 Who’s Who in a Criminal Case: draw a line to the correct description Defendant attorney for the government Prosecutor attorney for the accused Judge person accused of a crime Jury person that arrests an individual for a crime Defense Attorney decides if there is evidence for an indictment Police Officer decides guilt or innocence Grand Jury makes sure a fair trial is being conducted Highlight the correct answer: 1. A hung jury occurs when a jury decides the defendant is guilty/ can not decide on a unanimous verdict. 2. To be found guilty in a criminal court the jury must decide guilt based on preponderance of evidence/ beyond a reasonable doubt. 3. A magistrate/ judge handles most traffic cases. 4. The 5th, 6th, and 8th Amendments all deal with the rights of people in civil cases/ rights of the accused. 5. Common law is based on precedent/ law. 6. A jury/ grand jury issues indictments. Political Activity #10 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Serving on a jury Voting Volunteering Equal protection Paying taxes Obeying the law Being informed on the issues Discussing the issues Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility Right duty responsibility E Pluribus Unum ________ of many, ____________. Two theories of Acculturation – the culture of the ________________ ___________________. Theory 1- Melting Pot Theory 2- Salad Bowl All people _________________ together and become one mixed society. All people ___________ their own identity. But they do _____________ parts of other cultures to __________ to their own culture. Examples of the salad bowl: 1. 2. 3. Economic Activity #10 An incentive is a reason to do something. Tell what incentive there is for doing the following economic activities. 1. Moving a business into a new area ____________________________________ 2. Writing a petition for rezoning to get a factory out of your neighborhood _________________________________ 3. Training your employees ____________________________________________ 4. Starting your own business __________________________________________ 5. Buying stock _____________________________________________________ 6. Buying a house___________________________________________________ 7. Putting your money in a time account instead of a demand account ________________________________________________________________ 8. Getting a dividend check ___________________________________________ Legal Activity #10 The _________________________________________________ calls a case to be heard by the US Supreme Court. When an Appeals Court sends a case back to the original jurisdiction to be retried, the case has been ________________________________. When a jury reaches a unanimous verdict to convict a person, the members of the jury were able to reach a _______________________________. A hung jury occurs when a jury can not reach a ________________ verdict. In the case of a hung jury, a prosecutor may offer a ________________________________ in order to guarantee a _____________________________________ and ______________________________. The court docket is the ________________________ for a court. _____________________________ help to clear the docket more ______________________________ because when a defendant makes a deal they do not tie up the ______________________________, __________________________________, and ______________________________. Political Activity #10 Marbury versus Madison in Action Judicial review Case that decided it A teacher leading a school prayer Constitutional Unconstitutional Burning a U.S. flag Constitutional Unconstitutional Setting aside college slots for African Americans The death penalty for people convicted of murder Using evidence in court that was illegally obtained by the police A principal searching a student without a warrant A student wearing a rainbow ribbon to promote gay rights Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Constitutional Unconstitutional Match the part of the constitution with what it means Preamble “We The People, do ordain and establish…” The Supremacy Clause The Necessary and Proper Clause The Full Faith and Credit Clause Article I Article II Article III Constitution is the highest law legislative branch goals of the U.S. government gives Congress implied powers judicial branch executive branch popular sovereignty all state records (marriage certificates, driver’s licenses) must be recognized by the other states Economic Activity #10 Types of Economies In a market economy, the government makes ______________________________ decisions about the economy. In a mixed economy, the government makes ______________________ decisions about the economy. In a command economy, the government makes __________________ the decisions about the economy. The United States has a ___________________ economy. Our government does the following to help manage the economy: 1. It ______________________ competition. 2. It passes ______________________________ laws to stop monopolies. 3. It raises and lowers _________________________________. 4. It protects people’s _________________________ with patents and copyrights. It allows people to ______________ others in civil court so their property is protected Legal Activity #10 Organization of the State Court System 1. What is plea bargaining? 2. Why is plea bargaining used? 3. Why would a prosecutor offer a plea bargain following a hung jury? 4. What is recidivism? 5. Why is recidivism a problem in today’s society? Political Activity #11 Name the fraction……….what do they pass? What is in a Name? Acronym What does it stand for FBI SBI DEA EPA FDIC D of HS FEMA CDC IRS OSHA NAFTA WTO EU What do they do? Economic Activity #11 1. In a horizontal/ vertical merger two business join together that sell the same items. 2. A sole proprietorship has limited/ unlimited liability. 3. A corporation/ partnership pays corporate income tax. 4. The Federal Reserve Bank/ The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation insures deposits for up to $100,000. 5. A demand/ timed account pays higher interest. 6. A credit card/ debit card is a loan. 7. In a recession, the Federal Reserve Bank would raise/ lower interest rates. 8. Lower interest rates make people borrow/ save money. 9. Umployment rates are highest in a recession/ expansion. 10. The government increases its spending in a recession/ expansion. 11. Favorable balance of trade is when a country exports/ imports more. 12. Personal income tax is a progressive/ regressive tax. 13. Progressive taxes go up/ down with a person’s income. 14. If a country has loose monetary policy, the Federal Reserve Bank raises/ lowers the reserve requirement. 15. Lowering the reserve requirement, means that the banks have more/ less to lend. 16. If a country has strict monetary policy, the discount rate is raised/ lowered. 17. Raising/ lowering the discount rate encourages people to spend money. 18. The Federal Reserve Bank lowers the interest rate in a recession/ expansion. 19. A chair would be sold in the product/ factor market. 20. People’s income affects demand/ supply. 21. If there is an increase in demand, price goes up/ down. 22. If there is an increase in supply, price goes up/ down. 23. Natural resources are sold in the product/ factor market. 24. Producers affect supply/ demand. 25. Automation requires less/ more human capital. 26. Capitalism is another name for a market economy/ command economy. 27. Communism is another name for a command economy/ market economy. 28. Laissez faire economics is the idea of Adam Smith/ Karl Marx. Legal Activity #11 How does a bill become law? Place the following steps in order. _______ A Congress person introduces a bill. _______ A bill goes to the President. _______ A bill is voted on. _______ A bill goes to the appropriate committee. _______ The Bill goes to the floor for debate. How a Bill becomes Law Political Activity #12 Let’s Party……………………..what kind of system is it? One political party controls everything Are their differences of opinion? ________ Do people get to say what they believe? _______ Are people afraid to be honest? __________ One Party System Two political parties debate issues and come to a resolution Is it often hard to decide what to do? _________ Do people get to discuss issues freely? _______ Name the two parties in the Two Party System U.S.__________________________ Many political parties exist Do many candidates exist? ________ Is there a lot of candidates to research? _________ Are too many choices overwhelming?____________ Do you get to know a candidate well?_________ Multi Party System What Happens to Your Ballot? Economic Activity #12 Decide if the following scenario best explains a market, mixed, or command economy. Idea of Adam Smith Market Mixed Laissez faire economics Market Mixed Government does not interfere Market Mixed Government makes all decisions Market Mixed Government sets all prices Market Mixed Government sets some prices such as minimum wage Market Mixed Government decides people’s jobs Market Mixed command command command command command command command Communism Has two markets: factor market and product market Price is set by supply and demand The government sets fiscal policy by raising and lower taxes and raising and lowering spending Known as capitalism Market Market Market Market Mixed Mixed Mixed Mixed command command command command Market Mixed command Legal Activity #13 Mark each true or false. ______1. The President can propose a law. ______2. The Vice President is a voting member of the Senate. ______ 3. In the House of Representatives, the House Rules committee decides how long a person may speak and what order the speakers go in. ______4. In the Senate, a person may only speak for 15 minutes at a time. ______5. A member of House of Representatives represents their entire state. ______6. In the Senate, a filibuster may occur. ______ 7. The majority floor leader is currently a Democrat. ______ 8. Members of the House and Senate would be on a conference committee. Political Activity #14 Elections! ELECTIONS! Elections! Can vote a straight or a split ticket Narrows down candidates for members of a certain political party Must be registered with a political party Can vote for members of both parties Can be open or closed Occur on the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November People choose government officials Economic Activity #14 What will happen to price, will it go up or down? 1. _____ a shortage 2. _____ an increase in costs of running a business 3. _____ a frost affects crops 4. _____ price of gas goes up 5. _____ inflation 6. _____ a recession 7. _____ an increase in tariffs 8. _____ a surplus 9. _____ supply goes up 10. ____ demand goes up 11. ____ a monopoly 12. ____ competition increases Legal Activity #14 Define the following terms: Primary Primary General General Primary Primary Primary Primary General General General General Primary General Precedents Prosecution Defense Lawsuit Plaintiff Adversarial Process General Review #1 Circle which one does NOT belong. Mixed economy Stable economy Traditional economy Market economy Loss of rights Taxes Slavery Wanted land west of the Appalachian Mountains Communism Karl Marx Command economy Laissez-faire Pilgrims Quakers Puritans Anglicans Cannot tax Did not have an executive No federal courts Military was too strong Tinker v. Des Moines Plessy v Ferguson Brown v. Board of Education Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg Shipbuilding and fishing Town meetings Virginia House of Burgesses Good relationship with the Native Americans Governor Council of State Lt Governor Cabinet members 5th amendment 6th amendment 7th amendment 8th amendment Espionage Terrorism Counterfeiting Murder National Rifle Association Mothers Against Drunk Driving National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Environmental Protection Agency Congress Raise and lower taxes Raise and lower government spending Raise and lower interest rates Natural resources Capital Goods Labor Stockholders Dividends Corporate income tax Unlimited liability Rising unemployment rate GDP is rising Businesses are hiring Production is up Canada China Taiwan Cuba NOTES: