Download Exam 2 - Review Sheet

Study Guide for Biological Anthropology - Test 2 – Spring 2017
Test 2 will cover Chapters 4, 6, 7, and 9, as well as Lectures 4-7.
You should know the definitions of the following terms. Where relevant, you should also be
able to give examples of animals that exemplify the concept:
population
founder’s effect
gene flow
arboreal
frugivorous
nocturnal
solitary
polyandry
endoskeleton
opposability
r-selected
species
genetic marker evolution
natural selection
mutation
assortative mating
genetic drift
terrestrial
omnivorous
dominance hierarchy morphology
quadrupedal
homodontic
monogamy
fusion-fission
promiscuous
brachiation
exoskeleton
stereoscopic vision
estrus
social structure
K-selected
dental formula
migration
bottleneck effect
carnivorous
diurnal
heterodontic
polygyny
bipedal
binocular vision
grooming
sexual dimorphism
You should be able to explain (which also means define and give examples of):

The factors that can cause evolution to occur

What homologous and analogous structures are (and give examples of each)

What “primitive” and “derived” features are (and how you tell the difference)

Adaptations of vertebrates

The definitions of and structures/behaviors/benefits associated with the endothermal
(homoiothermal) and ectothermal (poikilothermal) adaptations

The manners in which mating and reproduction take place, as well as whether or not
there is usually parental care of the young, for each of the following:
fish
amphibians
reptiles
mammals

The three types of mammals (examples!), and how each reproduces

The relationship between instinct and learning, and how each relates to different types
of animals (this is a big time in-class discussion – hope you don’t miss it!)

The features that distinguish the primates from other types of mammals

The costs and benefits of sociality

The features that distinguish the various types of primates

The various types of primate societies

The differences between male and female reproductive strategies

The various types of primate locomotion

The factors that may have selected for bipedality

Plus a whole bunch of other stuff that you will be well prepared for if you read the
appropriate chapters and come to class!